A
Abdominovisceral situs 283
Abundant neck skin 54
Acrocyanosis 78
Acro-pectoral-renal-field defect 63
Acute aortic syndrome 31
Airways 19
Alae nasi 42
American College of Cardiology 136
Aneroid manometer 72
Angiotensin receptor blocker 39
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 39
Anomalous pulmonary venous connection, totally 332
Anoxia 47
Antianginal medications 32
Aortic arch, right 320f
Aortic atresia 298
Aortic ball valve 208
Aortic bodies 17
Aortic click, mechanism of 198b
Aortic dissection 55
Aortic distensibility 133
Aortic ejection 170
Aortic knuckle, dilated 338f
Aortic pulse, central 109
Aorticomitral discontinuity 297
Arachnodactyly 51f
Arterial blood gas 80
Arterial bruit 125
Arterioles, pulmonary 274
Aspirin 39
Atrial contraction 233
Atrial depolarization 27
Atrial events 153
Atrial flutter 110
Atrial impulse 153
Atrial pressure, mean 191f
Atrial septal defect 23, 38, 41, 53, 140, 166, 178f, 179, 198, 205, 205f, 206f, 255f, 306, 331, 332, 334, 337, 338f, 339, 341
large 203
Atrial septum 24
Atrial situs 284
Atrial tachycardia, multifocal 110
Atriogenic valve 166
Atrioventricular concordance 296f
Atrioventricular discordance 295f
Atrioventricular dissociation 109
Atrioventricular hemodynamic, right 87
Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia 28
Atrium, identify right and left 285t
Auscultation 337
Auscultatory electronic manometer 72
Auscultatory gap 130
Automated nonauscultatory electronic manometer 72
Autonomic dysfunction 138
Autopsy, sketch of 63
Autosomal dominant 55
Axillary artery aneurysm 85
Azygos veins, accessory 37
Azygos-hemiazygos venous system 37
B
Baby's muscles 54
Balloon-occlusion study 342
Beta blockers 39
Bicuspid aortic valve 198
Bilobed lungs, bilateral 284
Biochemical theory 115
Bioprosthesis 210
Bisferiens pulse 111
Biventricular impulses 152f
Bleeding parameters 48
Blood
flow, normal 212
auscultatory 133
diastolic 133
level of 133
pushes 164
rushes 213
volume of 87
Bone morphogenetic protein 335
Brachial atrioventricular malformation 85
Brain natriuretic peptide 188
Breathing, difficult 42
Bronchial asthma, acute 118
Bronchial hyperemia, chronic 37
Bronchial mucosa 37
Bronchial veins 37
Brotmacher theory 46
Bulboventricular loop 294
C
Calf-leg pressure 133
Calibration 73
Capillary pulsation 121
Cardiac anomalies, congenital 331
Cardiac auscultation 173
Cardiac drugs 39
Cardiac filing pressure 251
Cardiac hemodynamics 266
Cardiac malposition 282
Cardiac percussion 160
Cardiac position 282
Cardiac pulsation 141
Cardiac silhouette, square appearance of 329f
Cardiac syndrome 200
Cardiohemic system 173
Cardiohepatic angle 162f
Cardiorenal rescue study 264
Carditis 237
Catecholamine excess 28
Cellular intimal reaction 333
Central venous pressure 87
Chaotic atrial tachycardia 110
Chemoreceptors 18
Chest
in single ventricle, X-ray of 324f
in tricuspid atresia, X-ray of 329f
causes of 29t
score, emergency department assessment of 30
radiography 287
wall 142
anterior 240f
deformity 63
muscles 18
pain 31
posterior 240f
structures 19
Cheyne-Stokes respiration 23
Chromosome 60
Chronic fatigue syndrome 34
Circular fasciculi 144f
Cold extremity 265
Collagen fibers accompanies 133
Collapsing pulse 114b
Compression, abdominal 94
Concomitant cardiovascular disease 14
Co-oximeter 80
Corneal arcus 142
Coronary sinus 285
Corpuscular hemoglobin, mean 81
Corpuscular volume, mean 81
Corrective cardiac surgery 331
Corrigan's sign 120
Cortical function 17
Crown-top baldness 142
Cutis marmorata 78
Cyanotic burdens, grading 81t
D
de Musset's head 122
Death, causes of 341b
Dennison's sign 121
Deoxyribonucleic acid 61
Depolarization, clockwise 314f
Dextrorotation 283
Diabetes mellitus 137
Diastolic augmentation 113
Dicrotic notch 108
Dicrotic wave 108
Distal phalangeal depth 84f
Dizziness 27
Dorsalis pedis 131
Duroziez's murmur 122
Dysplasia, acromelic 51
Dysplastic ear 54
Dysplastic pulmonary valve 182
E
Echocardiogram 303
Echocardiographic diastolic dysfunction 194
Echocardiography 266
Ectopia cordis 287
auscultatory features in 337b
clinical presentation of 336
diseases leading to 332
in large shunt, incidence of 331
natural history of 340
onset of 334t
patent ductus arteriosus 338
pathobiology of 334
pathophysiology of 333
physiology-wise diseases causing 332t
ventricular septal defect 337
Ejection murmur 218
Ejection sound 195
Elastic fibrils 333
Electronic manometer 72
Elevated jugular venous pressure 93b
Endocardial cushion defect 53
Endocarditis, infective 82
Endothelial dysfunction 334
End-systolic volume 103
Eosinophil 82
Epicanthic eye-fold 54
Erythrocytosis 48
Esophageal spasm 32
European Society of Cardiology 136
European Society of Hypertension 136
Exercise testing 266
Exertional dyspnea, mechanism of 276b
Extra-alveolar vessel resistance 117
F
Failure to thrive 42
Feeding difficulty 42
Femoral artery, simultaneous palpation of 124f
Femoral bruit 3
Femoral pulse 109
Femoral venous return 94
Fibrous vascular occlusion, stage of progressive 333
First heart sound 164, 169, 171, 174, 192, 197t, 200, 214–218, 220, 221, 223, 225, 226, 228, 230, 231, 233, 234, 253, 337
components of 164
factors determining intensity of 167b
loud 167b
soft 170b
Flat face 54
Flip-flopping, feeling of 27
Forceful impulse 149
Forearm pressure 131f
Frequent ventricular premature beats 110
Frog sign 27
Frontoparietal baldness 142
G
Gallavardin phenomenon 218
Gallbladder disease 32
Gallop rhythm, systolic 200
Gastrointestinal diseases 32
Geneva Score for Pulmonary Embolism, revised 32t
Gerhardt's sign 121
Ghent diagnostic criteria, revised 52b
Giddiness 138
Graham Steell murmur 278
Gross scoliosis, X-ray feature of 141f
H
Hall's criteria 54t
Hamman sign 207
Handgrip dynamometer 259f
Handheld echocardiogram 70f
Hang-out interval theory 178
Harsh murmur 213
Headache, coat-hanger 138
Heart 30
boot-shaped 320f
classification of right-sided 282b
segmental approach in congenital 281
valvular 23
acute decompensated 264
acute hypertensive 36
clinical features of 262b
diagnosis of 43
grade of 269
management of 262
mild 266
predictor of 1
right-sided 267
signs of 263t
symptoms of 263t
three symptoms of 24t
rate 237
score 30
surface anatomy of 161f
Hemiazygos connection 284
Hemiplegia 85
Hemithorax, right 282
Hemodynamic classification 273
Hemoglobin 78
Hepatic pulsation 120
Hepatic pulse 104
High amplitude 111
Holt–Oram syndrome 57, 585f
Horse's left ventricle, level of 127
Hypercapnia 18
Hyperdynamic apical impulse 146
Hyperemia 37
Hyperkinetic pulse 111
Hyperoxia test 80
Hyperplasia, vascular 82
diastolic 134
exercise pulmonary 275
grade of 136
hyperkinetic pulmonary 241
isolated systolic 137
masked 137
precapillary pulmonary 273
supine 138
sustained 136
Hypertrophy, biventricular 151
Hyperventilation 45
Hypokinetic apical impulse 146
Hypokinetic pulse 111
Hyponychial angle 83f
Hypoplasia 63
Hypotonia, general 54
Hypoxic spell 44
I
Ileus, cirrhosis of 24
Immotile cilia syndrome 286
Immune status, abnormal 286
Imperceptible apical impulse 148b
Incident pressure pulse 108
Inflammatory bowel disease 82
Infundibular obstruction, development of 43
Interatrial septum, part of 24
Intercanthal distance, inner 64
Internal jugular pulsation 87
Interphalangeal depth 84f
Interpupillary distance 64
Intra-abdominal pressure 94
Intra-aortic balloon pump 113
Intra-arterial femoral artery pressure 133
Iron binding capacity, total 81
Irritant receptors 18
Ischemic pain, symptoms of acute 29t
Isometric handgrip 256
Isovolumetric contraction 197f
Ivemark syndrome 286
L
Landolfi's sign 120
Left axis deviation 328f
Left lower sternal border 219
Left parasternal cardiogram 154f
Left ventricular
angiographic morphology 288f
apical impulse 160t
apical segment 150
end-diastolic pressure 41
inflow obstruction, common causes of 235b
left atrial pressure 223
muscle 186f
obstruction 324
pressure pulse 202
systole 143
volume overload 41
Length-tension inappropriateness 19
Leopard syndrome 61
Lesion, common mixing 304b
Levoversion 293
Limbus, superior 285
Luetic aorta 229
Lutembacher's syndrome 233
Lymphatic system 22
Lymphocytes 82
M
Mammary soufflé 245
Maxillary molar teeth 66f
Means–Lerman sign 207
Mechanical alternans 115
Mechanical theory 115
Mediastinal crunch 207
Medullary center 17
Mesocardia 287
Metacarpal index 51f
Methemoglobinemia 78
Midsystolic click 200
Midsystolic murmur, physiology of 217f
Minervini's sign 120
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation 20
Mitral ball valve 210
chronic severe 226
congenital 224b
functional 227
ischemic 227
physiology of 223f
systolic murmur of 252
Mitral stenosis 23, 37, 156, 156f, 168, 168f, 188, 194, 204b, 205, 205t, 206f, 213, 228, 232, 233f, 257, 278
cases of 233
dominant 156
silent 234
Modern cardiology 104
Monosomy X 53
Morris sign 162f
Motor cortex 17
Motor innervation 68
Mucous membrane 77
Muller's maneuver 256
Muller's sign 120
Multifactorial mechanism 331
causes of continuous 245f
classification of continuous 240t
decrescendo diastolic 241f
determinant of 213
diamond-shaped 214
midsystolic 241f
flow 225
different
diastolic 228f
shapes of 214f
systolic 216f
early
diastolic 228
features of innocent 248b
functional 248
grade of 222
hemodynamic classification of continuous 239b
high-frequency 240
intensity of mid-diastolic 233
late-crescendo 243
Levine grading system of systolic 214b
mid-diastolic 278
mid-late systolic 219
mid-systolic 215
mitral diastolic flow 241
presystolic 233
pulmonary branch 249
shape of 222
timing of 215f
Muscle hypothesis 19
Muscularization, stage of 333
Myopia 51
N
Nail fold 83
Negative predictive value 263
Nonejection click, causes of 201b
Nonejection sound 200
Norepinephrine blood levels 266
Normotension, true 136
O
O'Donnell theory 47
Obstruction, severe 219
Operability and pulmonary vascular resistance 342
Orthostasis 265
Oscillometric manometer 72
Osler's sign 134
Outer intercanthal distance 64
Oximeter 77
P
Packed-cell volume 81
Palmar arch aneurysm 85
causes of 25
clinical
classification of 26b
evaluation 27
types of 26
etiological classification of 25t
etiology 25
pathophysiology 25
Pancreatitis 32
Pansystolic prolapse 169f
Parasympathetic pathway 25
Parenteral vasoconstrictor 260
Paroxysmal hypoxic spell 44
continuous murmur of 241f
Paul Wood's series 332t
Peak systolic arterial pressure 134
Peptic ulcer disease 32
Perfusion 262
Pericardial constriction 103
Pericardial disease 102
Pericardial rub 207
Pericardial sound 206
Pericardium, part of 30
Peripheral artery, major 258
Peripheral sign 120
Physiological zero point 89
Pivotal dextrocardia 283
Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome 23
Plexiform lesion 333
Plexogenic arteriopathy 333
Pneumectomy 24
Pneumonia 42
Pneumothorax, left-sided 201
Poland syndrome 62
Polycythemia 82
Polyuria 28
Popliteal fossa 124f
Positive predictive value 263
Precordial impulse 154f
Pregnancy 188
Premature beat 259
Premature closure theory 186f
Premature ovarian failure 56
Presyncope 27
Pretricuspid and post-tricuspid shunt 334
Proinflammatory cytokines 20
Pseudocyanosis 78
Pseudoejection sound 201
Pseudohypertension 134
Pulmonary and aortic diastolic pressures 342
hyperkinetic 341
irreversibility of 341t
obstructive 341
pathobiology for 335f
with small defects 331
Pulmonary arterial pulsation 152
Pulmonary arterial wall 333
dilated right 338f
distension of 38
ipsilateral main 286
left and anterior to 301b
lower 196f
pressure 2
systolic 3
right 42
stenosis, peripheral 222
Pulmonary circulation 303
Pulmonary edema, acute 23
Pulmonary interstitial space 41
Pulmonary overcirculation 41
Pulmonary stenosis 160, 182, 195, 198, 213, 220, 220f, 221, 221f, 252, 287, 305, 316, 322, 322f, 323, 325, 326f, 327, 328f, 329f
mild 195
Pulmonary stretch receptors, stimulation of 18
Pulmonary valvular
ejection click 196f
Pulmonary vascularity, reduced 320f
Pulmonary venous system 177
Pulmonary ventricle decompresses 303
Pulsation and obstruction scale 109b
Pump failure 3
R
Radial arteries, simultaneous palpation of 124f
Radial pulse 109
Radionuclide ventriculography 266
Recoil theory 143
Recumbent posture, squatting in 46
Red blood cell 47
Reflective wave augments 108
Reflux, abdominojugular 93
Regurgitation, hypertensive pulmonary 231
Renal disease, end-stage 14
Renal insufficiency 248
Renal replacement therapy 14
Respiratory center 23
Respiratory discomfort, sensation of 19
Respiratory pressure 19
Respiratory symptoms 43
Respiratory tract infection 43
Respiratory variation 195
Rheumatic fever, acute 237
Right and left atrium, morphology of 285f
Right axis deviation 322f
Right ventricular
angiographic morphology 288f
apical impulse 160t
cavity 143f
dysfunction, severe 180
impulse 148
abnormal 149
normal 148
inflow obstruction, common causes of 235b
obstruction 45
pressure curves 97f
systole 94
Rosenbach's sign 120
Rotch sign 162f
Rule of thumb 250
S
Schizophrenia 61
Second heart sound 144, 165, 171, 173, 174, 177b, 191, 193, 214–218, 221, 223, 225, 226, 228, 230, 233, 234, 256, 278, 318, 337, 339
production, mechanism of 173
single 182b
wide splitting of 177b
Semilunar valves 173
Sensory cortex 17
Serum ferritin 81
Serum transferrin 81
Sex distribution 336
Shock, septic 113
Short stature 55
Shoulder pain 138
SHOX gene 54
Shunt
bidirectional 330
cardinal symptoms in left-to-right 41
congenital 330
prevalent systemic-to-pulmonary 331
right-to-left 24
Simplified Emergency Department Assessment of Chest Pain Score 30
Single arterial trunk 298
Single inlet ventricle 290f
Sinusitis, chronic 286
Six-minute walk test 15
Skeletal muscle 19
Sleep 28
Slows down pulse wave 113
Small amplitude pulse 113
Small pulmonary arteries 333
Smaller ring finger 58f
Snowman sign 311f
Specific activity scale 10
Sphygmomanometric artifact 2
Sphygmomanometric pressure 134
Spiral fibers 147f
Splenic nodules, two 286f
Stable angina 28
Stethoscope 68
acoustic 69
advantage of 140
diaphragm of 125
digital 70
electronic 70
ideal 69
modern 68
ultrasound 70
Stiff skin syndrome 51
Stiffness, vascular 134
Still's murmur 247
Stomach 286f
Subclavian artery, right 62
Subxiphoid palpation 192
Summation gallop 187
Supraclavicular fossa 249f
Supravalvular stenosis 219
Supraventricular tachycardia, paroxysmal 110
Sympathetic nervous system 256
Sympathetic pathway 25
Systemic arterial pressure 46
Systemic venous congestion 267
Systolic fall 98
Systolic murmur, types of 215b
Systolo-diastolic murmur 244
T
Tabatznik's syndrome 57
Tachypnea 41
Tamponade, presence of 116
Tension 19
Thoracic aorta 125
Thoracic structural deformity 140
Thoracovisceral situs 284
Thumb sign 50f
Thyrotoxicosis 188
Tibial artery, posterior 131
Tidal wave 108
Tilting-disk valve 210
Tissue oxygenation 48
Tracheal tug 152
Tracheobronchial situs 284f
Tracheobronchial tree 37
Transcatheter aortic prosthetic valve, different 211f
Transient arterial occlusion 258
Transpulmonary pressure gradient 274
Traube's sign 121
Trepopnea 23
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion 340
primary 227
Trigeminal nerve modulate dyspnea 18
Trilogy of Fallot's 158
Triple apical impulse-presystolic wave 157f
U
Upper arm veins 104
Upper lobe bronchus, carcinoma right 85
Upper-to-lower segment ratio 65
Urate metabolism 48
V
V wave, abnormal 99
Van Praagh classification double inlet ventricle 289b
Velo-cardio-facial syndrome 59
Vena caval connection 160
Venous tone 87
Ventricular filling pressure 263
Ventricular loop 293f
Ventricular premature beat 38
Ventricular septal defect 44, 53, 104, 140, 160, 177, 182, 221, 221f, 222, 225, 225f, 241, 252, 288, 303, 305, 315, 320, 321f, 322, 322f, 326f, 328f, 329f, 332, 334, 337, 338f, 339, 341
murmur of 241f
Ventriculoarterial junction 281
Venturi effect 112
Vertigo 138
Vision, blurring of 138
Vortex shedding 212
W
Weill-Marchesani syndrome 51
Wheeze, pulmonary 265
Wide fixed splitting 177
Williams syndrome, diagnostic criteria for 60t