Step by Step® ULTRASOUND IN GYNECOLOGY
Step by Step® ULTRASOUND IN GYNECOLOGY
Third Edition
Editor-in-Chief
Narendra Malhotra MD FICMCH FICOG FRCOG FICS FMAS FIAP
President, INSARG, Past President, FOGSI/IFUMB/ISPAT/ISAR
Vice President, WAPM/SAFOG
Managing Director, Global Rainbow Health Care and MNMH (P) Ltd Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
Professor, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Croatia
Associate Editors
Nidhi Gupta MS FICMCH FICOG
Past President, Agra Obstetrical and Gynecological Society
Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sarojini Naidu (SN) Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
Neharika Malhotra MD (Gold Medalist) DRM (Germany) FICMCH Fellow ICOG (Rep Med) ICOG (USG)
Joint Secretary, FOGSI, Chair, YTP Committee, FOGSI
Director and Consultant, Global Rainbow IVF and MNMH (P) Ltd Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
Jaideep Malhotra MD FICMCH FICOG FRCOG FRCPI FMAS
President, SAFOM/ISPAT, Past President, IMS/ISAR/FOGSI/ASPIRE
Managing Director, ART—Global Rainbow IVF and MNMH (P) Ltd Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
Kuldeep Singh MBBS FAUI FICMCH
Consultant Ultrasonologist Dr Kuldeep's Ultrasound and Color Doppler Clinic, New Delhi, India
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Step by Step® Ultrasound in Gynecology
First Edition : 2004
Second Edition : 2010
Third Edition : 2021
9789389587425
Printed at
“Use sound to see better
Turn on the color to improve your image
Shift to the 3rd and 4th dimensions
Heal with sound”
Ultrasound has evolved to a new generation from the Ian Donald's 1D to 4D. Today, diagnosis of the female pelvic disorders are not possible without a transvaginal scan (TVS).
The TV scan is quick, economical, reliable, reproducible modality for complete pelvic diagnosis. Addition of color and 3D and 4D on the transvaginal probe has provided more physiological and structural information.
After the overwhelming response of the first and second edition, we have come out with the third edition.
We have added few chapters like ectopic pregnancy, trophoblastic disease in first trimester, Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), vaginal bleeding with negative pregnancy test and chronic pelvic pain as these problems make up a great volume for which the patients visit the gynecologists.
More than 60 algorithms and treatment flowcharts for common problems encountered by gynecologists have been added as a ready reckoner for the busy practitioners.
This edition aims to simplify the transvaginal scanning procedures and use it for better patient diagnosis, care and treatment.
Narendra Malhotra
Nidhi Gupta
Neharika Malhotra
Jaideep Malhotra
Kuldeep Singh
Preface to the First Edition
Ultrasound today is the most accepted investigation and diagnostic modality for evaluating disease of virtually any and all parts of our body. Newer developments in technology have led to development of endocavity probes and high resolution clear pictures.
The advantages for Gynecological pelvic evaluation by transvaginal ultrasound are many folds and obvious. A high frequency probe placed near the target organ to be scanned gives us a clear anatomic picture of the uterus, cervix, ovaries and adnexa. Addition of color gives us physiological information about vascular supply. 3D and 4D give us sculpture like realistic images.
TVS is the only quick, cheap, reliable and reproducible modality to evaluate Gynecological problems.
Kuldeep Singh
Narendra Malhotra
Acknowledgments
Our heartiest thanks to our parents, elders, teachers, spouses, siblings, our sons, daughters and our friends who have helped us step by step at every step of our ambitious project of step by step series.
We were introduced to interventional sonography by Ananda Kumar (Singapore), Rajat Goswamy (UK), Asim Kurjak and Sanja Kupesic (Croatia), Professor Alfred Kratrochwil (Austria), Ashok Khurana, Ambarish Dalal, Pratap Kumar, Bhupendra Ahuja, Dr PK Shah, Jatin P Shah and Pranay Shah and many others who taught us small tricks of the trade at each step of our life.
We are indebted to Professor Struat Campbell and Professor Asim Kurjak for teaching us imaging and grateful to Ian Donald School, India and INSUOG.
Special thanks to Dr Rahul Gupta and Nitin Agarwal of Rainbow 4D imaging center for all the images.
Editor-in-Chief
Narendra Malhotra