A
Abortions 229
Acquisition, technique of 274
Adequate therapeutic regime 135
Adnexa 247f
Adnexal masses 1
Agnathia 308
Aicardi syndrome 305
Ambiguous motion 92
American Fertility Society 169
American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 271
Anal canal 101
Anencephalus 210f
Aneuploid fetuses 276
Angular pregnancy, left 247f
Anomalous pulmonary venous connection 334
Anterior abdominal wall, abnormalities of 314
Anxiety, reduction of 266
Aortic atresia 328f
Aortic valve 69f
Appropriate-for-gestational-age 13
Arterial trunks 336
Artifacts, types of 218b
Artificial vagina 89
Assisted reproduction technology 19
Atretic follicles 22f
Atria 334
Atrioventricular junction 334
Atrioventricular valves 326
Automated multiplanar imaging 331
Autosomal dominant disease 313
Azygos continuation 335f
B
Baby's tongue, part of 81f
Bagel sign 155
B-flow 323
Bicorporeal septate 181f
Bilobate placenta, shape of 134f
Biplane display 68
Bird's nest appearance 235
abnormalities of 314
descent of 114f
neck 98
descent 97
determination of 98f
mobility 97
sling, large 108
uterovaginal anastomoses 57
uterus-vagina system 59f
wall 97
interruption of 55
posterior 108
Blake's pouch cyst 298
Body movement 79
Bossing, moderate frontal 210
Bridging vessels 55
Bulking agents 94
C
Calcific degeneration 190f
Calibers, large variations of 133
Carcinoma, endometrial 235f
Cardiac output 332
Carpenter syndrome 312
Cavum septi pellucidi 256f
Cebocephaly 305
Celiac artery 325
Central obstetric tool 263
Cerebellum 296
Cerebro-ocular muscle dystrophy 212
Cerebrum 291
Chaotic distribution 3f
Chemotherapy 152
Chiari malformation 299
Chin anomaly 215
Chlorhexidine digluconate 226
Chorionic villus sampling 276
Chromopertubation 238
Cisterna magna 296
Clitoris 90
Cold 285
Color Doppler 187
Comet sign 154f
Complete septate and didelphys 179f
Complex vascular anastomotic system 58f
Computed tomography 152
Conotruncal anomalies 336
Cornelia de Lange syndrome 313
Cornual resection per laparotomy 160f
Cornual trophoblast flow 157f
Corona mortis 156
prenatal diagnosis of 259
signs of 260
complete agenesis of 259
disorders of 259
outer-outer 259
traced 259
lipoma 310
missing of 260
multiplanar
demonstration of 255f
display of 255f
part of 259
partial agenesis of 260
sonographic
appearance of 252
visualization of 252
Corpus uteri 165f
Corticotropin-releasing hormone 290
Cough 94
Cranial sutures 201
Craniofacial anomalies 303
Cri du chat syndrome 313
Crown-rump length 276
Cystic degeneration 189
Cystoscopy, conventional 57
Cytomegalovirus 300
D
De Graaf follicle 23f
Deeper ultrasound transmission 83
Default mode network 282
Defecation proctography, colpocele on 98
Degenerated fibroid 233f
Delleman's syndrome 311
Diaphragm 139
Diaphragmatic hernia, congenital 10
Diencephalon 291
Digital rectal examination 99
Dilated deep arteries 90f
Diverticulum of Kommerell 146
Doppler study 26
Douglas's sac 24
Dysfunction, symptoms of voiding 94
Dysmenorrhea 229
Dysmorphology 301
Dysplasia 301
E
Echogenicity 34
Eco-gray corpus luteum 26
Edema, acute inflammatory 237f
Ejaculatory ducts 225
Ejection fraction 332
Embryo abnormalities 42
End-diastolic left ventricle volume 66
Endometrial
cavity 231
elements 229
epithelium, overgrowth of 227
lips, thickness of 246f
pattern 34
receptivity assessment 225
synechiae 247
thickness 34
vascularization 38
volume 34
Endometriomyometrial junction 227
Endometriosis 235
Episiotomy 104f
Erectile dysfunction, high incidence of 89
Erectile information 90f
Estrogen receptors, development of 231
Ethmoidal encephalocele 212
F
Facial dysmorphology novel analysis 302
Facial hemangioma 212
Facial mesenchyme 309
Fat degeneration 189f
Feeding vessel, single 225
Fetal
anatomy, normal 219f
behavior over years, assessment of 198
brain 256f
anatomy 296
axial plane of 255f
coronal plane of 255f
median plane of 255f
volume measurements 12f
breathing artifacts 339f
cardiac
contraction 79
imaging 61
phases 76
scanning, application to 321
ventricular volumes 331
volume, evaluation of 13
cardiovascular system 123
development of 198
cerebellar volume, evaluation of 13
cerebellum volume measurement 12f
chest 70f
corpus callosum 256
abnormal 252
normal 252
echocardiography 321
anomalies of 210
front of 221f
profile 313f
sonographic assessment of 305t
visualization of 210
with opened eyelid, high definition three-dimensional ultrasound image of 287f
forehead left 220f
fractional thigh volume measurement 15f
growth
and nutrition, suboptimal 16
disorders, diagnosis of 16
retardation, prediction of 278
hand-to-face movement 284f
head 220
deformity of 219f
demonstration of 210
health 269
examination 331
functional evaluation of 332
HDlive flow silhouette mode for 137
right ventricle volume measurement 13f
screening examination of 331
structural variant of 145
intentional movements 283
karyotyping 214
kidneys, abnormalities of 314
limb volume 15
assessment of 15
evaluation of 14
magnetic resonance imaging 296
magnetoencephalography 281
malposition 169
measurements, several 213
memory 291
vertical 219
neurobehavior 198
neurological thumb, high definition three-dimensional ultrasound image of 285f
neurosonography 314
organ 14
palate 120
perception of stimuli 285
evaluation of 296
profile, abnormal 308f
skull, asymmetry of 313
spine 219
stress in cognitive development, role of 290
stroke volume 326
structures, visualization of 220
prenatal detection of 302
tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion 333
ultrasound scanning 321
Fibrin depositions 131
Fibrous connective tissue 185
Fingers movements 202
Fistula 106f
Flat nose 213
Focal exophytic mass 55
Foley's catheter 226
Follicular
cohort, recruitment of 20
maturity, assessment of 243
monitoring 242
number per ovary 240
volume, acquired 244f
Forceps delivery 105f
Fornix 256f
Four-chamber view 324
Four-dimensional
applications 321
pelvic floor ultrasound 94
power Doppler ultrasound 6
sonography 218
techniques 321
in obstetrics, gynecology, and fetal echocardiography 61
technology 198
Fragile X syndrome 210
Frontal bone, enlargement of 210
Fronto-occipital plane 256
Functional magnetic resonance imaging 281
Fundal polyp, hyperechogenic 192f
Fusiform gyrus 304
G
Gastrointestinal system, malformations of 310
Gastroschisis 45f
Genetic syndromes 300
Genital organs, internal 89
Genu-rostrum, thick 261f
Gestalt perception 202
Gestation, reference limits for 276
Glossoptosis 301
Graaf follicle 24
Gymnast swinging 122f
H
Hallermann-Streiff syndrome 311
Hand movement, isolated 202
Hand to face movements 202
Hemivertebrae 310
Hemorrhage 156
Hemorrhoidectomy 107f
Hemorrhoids 106f
Herpes simplex 300
Heterogeneous syndromes 308
Hiatal distensibility 116
Holoprosencephaly 212
Homogeneity 34
Homogeneous areas, large 131
Hormone, adrenocorticotropic 290
Hourglass uterus 248f
Huge subserous fibroid, cystic degeneration of 190f
Human menopausal gonadotropin 24
Hurler syndrome 210
Hydronephrosis 310
Hydroxyethylcellulose 227
Hygroma colli 316f
Hyperactivity disorder 290
Hyperechogenic contrast medium 238
Hyperinsulinemia 240
Hyperstimulation 35f
Hypertelorism 212
Hypertrophy, ventricular 314
Hypervascularity, intraplacental 55
Hypoechogenic intracavitary fibroid 192f
Hypoechoic space, loss of 59
Hypotelorism 212
Hysterosalpingography 169
Hysteroscopic fibroid resection 231
Hysterotomy scar 161f
I
Iliac internal artery 58
Incomplete septate 179f
Infant feeding 92
Infant tongue study 92
Infantile, dysmorphic 177f
Insonation, original angle of 339
Interhemispheric fissure 254f
Internal fundal indentation bicorporeal septate 173f
International Ovarian Tumor Analysis 6
International Urogynecological Association 94
Interventricular septum, normal 328f
Intervillous trophoblast flow, early 153f
Intracavitary lesions 226
Intramural fibroid, transabdominal ultrasound image of 190f
Intraparenchymal calcification 314
Isoechoic mass 247f
Isthmus 149
L
Lasmar's score 231
Leg movement, isolated 202
Leiomyosarcoma neovascularization 191
Lens, right 213f
Lethal syndrome 312f
Leukocytosis 189
Levator-urethra gap 113
Lidocaine hydrochloride 226
Light 285
Lips, endometrial 246f
Luteinized follicles, unruptured 27
Luteinized granulosa-theca 29
M
Malignancy index, risk of 4
Mandibular anomalies 308
Mandibular hypoplasia 310
Maneuvers 94
Marfan syndrome 210
Masses 94
Maternal abdominal wall 79
Maternal antenatal attachment score 266
Maternal blood 131
Maternal gallbladder 166f
Maternal smoking 277
Maternal stress 268
Maxilla, hypoplasia of 304
Meckel syndrome 212
Megacisterna magna 298
Megacystic bladder 317f
Memory 287
Menorrhagia 229
Menstrual period, last 41
Mesenteric artery, superior 325
Mesh repair, posterior 102f
Methyl hydroxybenzoate 226
Metrorrhagia 193f
Mickey mouse face 210
Microsomy, hemifacial 310
Migration disorders, mixture of 309
Miller syndrome 311
Mimic fetal anomaly 219
Minimal invasive laparoscopic surgery 152
Miscarriage 169
Mitral valve 69f
Monoclonal tumors, benign 185
Mother's respiration 79
Mucinous cystadenoma 2f
Müllerian abnormalities 225
Multidimensional imaging modalities 75
Multiplanar imaging 298f
Multiplanar reformatting 66
Multiplanar technique 131f
Multiplane display 68
Multiple calcifications 130
Multislice display 66
Multislice reformatting 66
Muscular tissue 231
Myometrial thinning 55
N
Nabothian follicles 98
Nager's syndrome 311
Nasolacrimal cyst 212
National Institute of Health 38
Nausea 189
Negative surface display 71
Neoangiogenesis 154f
Neurological impairment 203t
Nonerectile tissues 91f
Nonprogressive labor 169
Nonrhythmic motion artifacts 80
Noonan syndrome 304
Normal fetal heart, glass-body rendering mode image of 137f
Normal heart, b-flow image of 324f
Nose abnormalities 213
Nulliparous patient 103
O
Obstetric perineal injuries 94
Obstructed defecation 94
Oculo-auriculo-vertebral syndrome 310
Old arcuate uterus 177f
Orofacial clefts, typical 214
Otomandibular dysplasia, bilateral symmetric 309f
Ovarian artery 157f
Ovarian benign tumor 3f
Ovarian cancer 3f
Ovarian ectopic pregnancy 154
Ovarian endocrinologic pathologies 38
Ovarian follicular monitoring 225
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome 240
Ovarian medullaris, double niche section of 40f
Ovarian pregnancy 155
Ovarian response, predictors of 242
Ovarian section, normal 22f
Ovarian stromal area, total 242
P
Pain 285
Palatoschisis 301
Panoramic view 149
Papillary muscle in right ventricle 69f
Paternal bonding 267
Pediatric cardiac studies 92
Pelvic inflammatory disease 153
Pelvis, topographic center of 152
Penile erection 90f
Penile vasculogenic impotence 89
Penis and erectile dysfunction 89
Pericallosal artery 253f
Peripheral and intralesional vascularity 233f
Periventricular calcification 314
Persistent dysuria 94
Pharyngeal arch 309
Phenylalanine 313
accreta spectrum 54
disorders 54
evaluation of 54
different sizes 275f
in first trimester
normal 133f
telly-like 132f
normal 131
percreta 54
retained 169
role of 132
Placental blood flow 276
Placental bulge 55
Placental intrauterine growth 132
Placental lacunae 59
Placental thickness 130
Placental tissue, normal 131
Polymerase chain reaction 313
Polypoid adenomyosis 230
Potential confusions 62
Pouch of Douglas 160
Power flow Doppler 325
Pregnancy
abdominal 166f
associated plasma protein A 278
complications, placenta-related 279
high maternal cortisol in 291
high-risk 265
interstitial 247f
normal 132
of unknown location 152
pathologic 132
second trimester of 131
supraisthmic 164f
test 152
unexplained positive 163
third trimester of 310t
women in
high-risk 265
low-risk 265
Prenatal bonding, lower levels of 268
Prenatal diagnosis 310
Prenatal neuromotor development 283
Prenatal neurosensory development 285
Preterm labor 169
Preterm premature rupture of membrane 205
Primary imaging method 94
Progesterone-induced vasodilatation 154f
Prolapse, symptoms of 116
Propyl hydroxybenzoate 226
Prosencephalon 282
Protuberant forehead 210
Prune belly syndrome 317f
Pseudocapsule 187f
Pubic rami, inferior 112
poststenotic dilatation of 338f
Pulmonary stenosis, severe 338f
Pulmonary trunk 72f
Pulse repetition frequency, low 161
Pulsed wave Doppler 154f
R
Reflection and displayable resolution 83
Renal cystic dysplasia 312f
Renal transplantation recipients 89
Reproductive tract 115
Residual defect 103
Residual urine 97
Resistance index 190
Reticular pattern 26
Retina right, detachment of 212f
Retronasal triangle 48f
Rhizomelic shortening of extremities 313
Rhombencephalon 282
Richardson technique 101
Rosenmuller valve 213
Rotterdam classification 22f
Rubella 300
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome 210
Rudimentary horn, unicornuate with 181f
Russell-Silver syndrome 210
S
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome 312
Salpingectomy 153
Salt and pepper appearance 229f
Scanning room 65
Seminal vesicles 225
Septate, two cavities 170f
Serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin 152
Silhouette modes 32
Simulate fetal anomaly 222f
Skull, abnormal shape of 311f
Sling-pubis gap 107
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome 212
Social support and harmful behaviors, lack of 267
Sodium lactate 226
Sonographic pitfalls 222
Sonographic virtual cystoscopy 57
Sound 285
Sphincter defects 103
Spinal cord 285
Spinal dysraphism 299
Spontaneous folliculogenesis 21f
Stenotic valve 335f
Stress inducing barriers 270
Stromal abundance 241
Stromal echogenicity 241
Stromal flow 242
Subchorionic hematomas 131
Subendometrial blood flow 245
Subendometrial indices 245
Subplacental hypervascularity 55
Subserous fibroids 188
Suburethral sling, typical 107f
Subvolume-reconstructed four dimensional approach 62
Succenturiate placentas 132
Systolic velocity 243
T
Tachycardia, supraventricular 339
Tear drop-shaped ventricles 259
Telemedicine 51
Temporal aliasing artifact 75
Temporal and spatial resolution 80
Temporal resolution 78t
Tessier facial clefts 214
Theoretical axial resolution 83
Thorax, part of 80f
Three dimensional
acquisition, slice-reconstruction 82
applications 321
artifacts 218
caused 218
color depiction 132f
color Doppler ultrasound 131
examination of placenta 130
grayscale ultrasound 1
hysterocontrast sonosalpingography 238f
advantages of 238
technique of 238
images of
embryos 42f
manipulation 123
multiplanar imaging of interstitial ectopic pregnancy 158f
pelvic floor ultrasound 94
placental vessel 131f
angiography 2
image of complex uterine mass 194f
of heart and major vessels 325f
ultrasound 2
reconstruction 3f
of abnormal vessel distribution 133
of placenta 130
scans
real-time 81
slice-reconstruction 81
surface rendering of
multilocular ovarian cyst 2f
ovarian cyst 2f
unilocular ovarian cyst 2f
techniques 321
ultrasonographic evaluation 296
advent of 94
and maternal bonding 263
artifacts in 218
fetal face 263f
image of corpus callosum 283f
imaging 152
in obstetrics, gynecology, and fetal echocardiography 61
negative aspects of 269
pitfalls in 218
real-time 325
scanning techniques with 253
technology, advantages of 213
use of 123
vascularization 274
volume 132
Tissue discrimination 113
Tomographic display 66
Tomographic ultrasonographic imaging 42
Touch 285
Townes-Brocks syndrome 311
Trachea 328
Transducer placement on perineum 95f
Transvaginal
axial scan 59f
color Doppler image 189
of fibroid 189f
of solitary intramural fibroid 187f
high-frequency two-dimensional ultrasound 164
high-resolution ultrasonography 154f
probes, high-resolution 41
sagittal lateral scan 59f
scan 225
sonography
imaging 152
visualization of interstitial line 156f
of hydrosalpinx 3f
of hypoechoic fibroid 188f
Trauma, signal hidden 112
Tricuspid stenosis 335f
Triplanar displays 66
Trophoblastic neoplasia, gestational 163
Tubal pregnancy, treatment of 153
Tunica albuginea 90f
Turner syndrome 304
U
Ultrasonography 54
acquisition system 63
in obstetrical and perinatal care 263
machines 119
penetrability, reduced 85
sign of imminent ovulation 23f
technology, background of 263
therapy, high-intensity focused 195
Umbilical artery pulsatility index 339
Umbilical cord 221f
Umbilical vein 325
Urethral kinking 98
Urinary incontinence 94
Urodynamic detrusor overactivity 97f
Uropean Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy 182f
Uterine abnormalities 225
Uterine anomalies, congenital 174t
Uterine congenital anomalies, assessment of 225
Uterine descent 98
Uterine ectopic pregnancy 155
Uterine fibroids 185
and infertility 185
and pregnancy 186
diagnosis of 187
sonographic assessment of 187
Uterine leiomyosarcoma 190
Uterine lesion, malignant 194f
Uterine malformations adnexal masses 119
Uterine prolapse dorsal 111
Uterine smooth muscle cells 185
Uterovesical hypervascularity 55
V
Vaginal anomaly 173
Vaginal childbirth, consequence of 104
Vaginal compartment, posterior 102f
Vaginal cyst 94
Vaginal discharge 94
Vaginal fornix 59f
Vaginal laxity 116
Vaginal pain after pelvic floor surgery 94
Vaginal skin 112
Valve of Hasner 213
Vampire teeth 222
Vascular communications 234f
Velocardiofacial syndrome 309
Ventriculoarterial junctions 336
Vermian-cerebellar hypoplasia 297
Vertebrae, anomaly of 310
Viking helmet sign 260
Virtual casting 71
Vision, persistence of 63
Visual casting 72
Visual experience, unique 218
Vital organ systems 115
Vocal technique 130f
Volumetric analysis method 11
Volumetric pulsatility index 6
Vomiting 189