A
Abetalipoproteinemia 141
Abnormal morphological sperm forms 178f
ABO
antigens 365
methods of 372
system 363
antibodies of 366
antigens of 364
tube test, grading of 371f
Acanthocytes 233
Accident, cerebrovascular 91
Acetest tablet test 28
Acetoacetate, small part of 27f
Acetoacetic acid 28f
Acid
base balance, renal regulation of 42f
elution 289f
test 405
fast bacilli 118f
load test 51
phosphatase 179
urine 39
Acidified serum test 405
Acquired venous thrombotic disorders 340t
Acute disseminated intravascular coagulation 327f
Addison's disease 55
Adenocarcinoma, colonic 181
Adipose tissue 54
Adrenaline 55
Aedes aegypti mosquito 269
Agarose gel electrophoresis 84f
Agglutination inhibition test, principle of 159f
Alcohol abuse 68
Aldimine 62
Aldosteronism, primary 407
Alkali denaturation test 405
Alpha-fetoprotein 161
Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, congenital 240
American College of Cardiology Foundation 88
American Heart Federation 88
Amino acids 54f
Aminoaciduria, generalized 49
Aminotransferases, serum 73
Ammonium
biurates 40
chloride loading test 51
magnesium phosphate 40
oxalate 199
urate 389f
crystals 40
Ampicillin 122
Amplitude, maximum 339
Analgesics 238
Anaphylactoid purpura 322
Ancylostoma duodenale 128
acquired hemolytic 296
causes of 293t
chronic renal failure 273
determine severity of 291
determining cause of 293
etiological classification of 273t
hypochromic 249
normochromic 294
normocytic 294
nutritional 225
refractory 310
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 42
Animal inoculation studies 268
Anisopoikilocytosis 282f
Anovulation, causes of 172
Antecubital fossa 197f
Antiacetylcholine receptor antibodies 405
Antibasement membrane antibodies 405
Anticoagulant-diluent solution 244
Anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody 405
Antidesmoglein antibodies 405
Antiendomysial antibodies 405
Antifibrinolytic therapy 339
Antigliadin antibodies 405
Antiglobulin reagent 302f
Antiglomerular basement membraneantibodies 405
Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies 405
Anti-hemidesmosome antibodies 405
Antihistone antibodies 405
Anti-insulin antibodies 405
Anti-islet cell antibodies 405
Anti-leishmania antibodies 268
Antileukocyte antibodies 357
Antimicrosomal antibodies 405
Anti-Müllerian hormone, serum 172
Antimyeloperoxidase antibodies 405
Antiribonucleoprotein antibodies 405
Anti-RNA polymerase antibodies 405
Anti-RNP antibodies 405
Anti-Smith antibodies 405
Antismooth muscle antibodies 405
Anti-sperm antibodies 177
Antithrombin 345
Antithyroglobulin antibodies 405
Antitopoisomerase antibodies 405
Antitransglutaminase 405
Antral follicle count 172
Antral G cell hyperplasia 135
Anuria 18
Aortic aneurysm 136
Apolipoprotein 83
Arachidonic acid 336f
Arrhythmias, cardiac 136
Arterial thrombosis 344
Arthrocentesis 113
Ascheim-Zondek test 159
Ascorbic acid 26
Asherman's syndrome 165
Ashkenazi jews 181
Aspergillus 119
Aspermia 175
Aspiration, repeated failure of 249
Aspirin 378
Assisted reproductive technologies 173
Asthenozoospermia 175
Atheromatous plaque, disruption of 87f
Atherosclerosis 54
Atresia, biliary 69
Atrophic gastritis, chronic 138
Atrophy, serous 272
Attenuated live virus vaccine 378
Auer rods 405
Autoimmune diseases 182
Automated platelet count, verification of 206
Autopsy 89
Autosomal dominant disorders 329
Autosomal recessive diseases 329
Autosomal Robertsonian translocation 167
Avidin-biotin conjugate 358
B
B lymphocytes 193t
Babesia microti 383
Backpacker's diarrhea 122
Bacterial toxins 121
Bacteriuria 33
Barr body 405
Bartonella henselae 183
Bartter syndrome 43
Basal body temperature 170
Basal serum inhibin, concentration of 172
Basic calcium phosphate 114
Basket cells 405
Behcet's disease 182
Benedict's qualitative test, principle of 26f
Berry aneurysm 97
Betke-Kleihauer test 405
Bicornuate uterus 165
Bile pigment 28
Bile, impaired excretion of 141
Bilirubinuria 29b
Bimodal histogram 208
Biuret method 72
Biuret test 406
Bladder, transitional carcinoma of 273
Blast cells 236
Blast crisis 312
Blast region 187
Blind loop syndrome 141
alcohol 4
ammonia 72
bank pre-transfusion testing 4
biochemistry 47
borne pathogens 14b
brain barrier, capillary permeability of 99
cell 188
count, manual 222
morphology 198f
derivatives 393
detection of 31
dilution of 221
donations 376
donors
selection of 377
types of 376
voluntary 376
fasting 59
postmeal 59
postprandial 59
random 60
reduction methods 59
self-monitoring of 62
A 364
AB 364
B 364
incompatibility, evidence of 401
O 364
substances, determination of 179
chronic 128
osmolality 64
pressure
diastolic 164
systemic 164
products
issue of 392
leukofiltration of 384
salvage, intraoperative 381
sample, collection of 199
advantages of 262
examination of 230
fixation of 229
normal 240
staining of 229
thick 265
vessel
wall 319
Body fluids 364
Boiling test 22
Bombay blood group, inheritance of 366f
Bombay phenotype 366b
Bone
disorder 249
growth 149
complications of 251
sites of 250f
sample 251f
marrow
cellularity of 252
infiltration 225
iron stain 274
morphological examination of 274
normal 248
structure 252
Bordetella pertussis 239
Boric acid 18
Borrelia burgdorferi 383
Brain, herniation of 95
Breast, carcinoma of 104
Bronchial epithelial cells 120
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 119f
Bronchopleural fistula 116
Brugia timori 264
B-type natriuretic peptide 92
Buccal smear test 406
Buffy coat method 406
Bullous pemphigoid 405
Burkitt lymphoma 272
Butterfat test 142
C
Camelback fever 181
Candida albicans 100
Capillary tube method 265
Carbon tetrachloride 73
Carboxypeptidase 140f
Carcinoembryonic antigen 108
Carcinoid syndrome 121
Carcinomatosis, meningeal 100
Card tests 386
Cardiac injury markers 91
Cardiac valve prosthesis 407
Cardiovascular disease 44
Castleman disease 315
Casts 37
abnormal 253
debris, removal of 353
grouping 370
interpretation of 371t
mediated autoimmune destruction 55
Cellular casts 38
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 14
Cephalosporin 26
Cerebellar ataxia 141
chemical examination of 98
collection of 93
examination of 93
functions of 93
gross appearance of 96
protein electrophoresis 102
Cervical
incompetence 165
mucosa, ferning of 171f
mucus
indicates ovulation, disappearance of 406
penetration test 179
study 171
Chagas disease 383
Chediak-Higashi syndrome 237
Chest pain, pleuritic type of 104
Chickenpox 378
Child-Turcotte-Pugh grading system 78t
Chlamydia antibody test 172
Chloroacetate esterase 407
Cholangiography, percutaneous transhepatic 75
Cholera 123
Cholestatic injury 78f
Choriocarcinoma 151
Chorionic villi 157
Christmas disease 326
Churg-Strauss syndrome 52
Chylomicronemia, familial 84
Chylous ascites 108
Chyme 134
Cisterna magna 94
Classic nitroprusside reaction 28
Clauss method 338
Clean-catch specimen 17
Clindamycin 122
Clinitest tablet method 26
Clomiphene citrate challenge test 406
Clonidine suppression test 406
Clopidrogrel 378
Cloudy urine, causes of 19t
Coagulation
acquired
disorders of 327
inhibitors of 328
disorders 31
factor assays 329
inhibitors of 321
profile, abnormal 78
system 320
Coccidia 126
Collagen disorders 104
Colloid droplets, endocytosis of 150
Colon, villous adenoma of 123
Colony forming unit granulocyte 188
Colorectal polyp 273
Colorimetric methods 213
Column agglutination technology 372
Compatibility test 390
Compression venous duplex ultrasound 346
Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography 347
Conus medullaris 93
Convulsions, generalized 91
Cooley's anemia 282
Corticotropin stimulation test 405
Cortisol 55
Coxsackie virus 95
Cranial meninges 93f
Craniopharyngioma 170
Cryoglobulinemia 244
Cryptosporidiosis 123
Curschmann spirals 406
Cutaneous porphyrias, evaluation of 351f
Cystatin C clearance 46
Cystine 40
Cystinuria, inherited 40
Cytapheresis 380
Cytoplasmic vacuoles 235
D
Dacryocyte 406
Danazol 154
Davidsohn differential absorption test 406
Dehydration 216
Demyelinating disease 99
Dense deposit disease 53
Deoxyribonucleic acid 275
Deoxyuridine suppression test 406
Dermatitis herpetiformis 238
Dexamethasone suppression test 406
Diabetes mellitus 16, 21, 25, 44, 54, 55, 55f, 56b, 56f, 56t, 57, 58, 58b, 58f, 59, 59f, 61t, 85, 86, 88, 150, 182, 405, 406
acute metabolic complications of 64
classification of 54
monitoring of 62b
rapid onset of 62
screening of 61
Diazo reagent 29
Dihydrorhodamine reduction test 406
Dilute thromboplastin inhibition test 406
Dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 198
Direct agglutination test 268
Distal tubular function 50
Dolichos biflorus 364
Doll's eye reflex 95
Donath-Landsteiner test 406
Donor apheresis 394
Double quotidian fever 181
Downey cell 406
Drabkin's solution 215
Drepanocyte 406
Duffy antigen 258
Dutasteride 378
Dysbetalipoproteinemia, familial combined 84
Dysentery, evaluation of 121
Dysmorphic red cells 35f
Dysplasia, trilineage 249
E
Ecchymosis 328
Echis carinatus 338
Eclampsia 164
Eczema 238
Edward syndrome 162
Egg donation 173
Ehrlich's reagent 30
Ejaculation, premature 167
Electrical impedance 203
Electrocardiogram pattern, normal 89f
Electrocardiography 346
Electrophoresis, immunofixation 316
Elimination method 388
Elliptocytes 233
Embden-Meyerhof pathway 190
Embryo transfer 173
Encephalitozoon hellem 127
Encephalitozoon intestinalis 127
Encephalopathy 78
End stage renal disease 63f
Endolimax nana 125
Endometriosis 173
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 77
Enterocolic fistula 144
Enterocytozoon bieneusi 127
Enterohepatic circulation, impaired 141
Entero-test 129
Eosin nigrosin stain 176f
Eosin-5-maleimide binding test 406
Ependymal cells 98
Epithelial cast 38f
Epstein syndrome 240
Erectile dysfunction 167
Erythroblasts 253
Erythrocytic schizogony 257
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy 138
Ethanol gelation test 406
Ethylene glycol poisoning 40
Etretinate 378
Euglobulin lysis test 406
European Society of Cardiology 88
Ewing's sarcoma 359
Excretory function 42
Exercise 7
Exocrine
component 144
pancreas
diseases of 56
major components of 144f
pancreatic
function 407
insufficiency 146
Exoerythrocytic schizogony 257
Extrapulmonary isolated organ tuberculosis 181
Extrinsic pathway 320
F
Faggot cell 406
False thrombocytopenia, causes of 240f
Familial periodic fever syndromes 181
Fasting glucose, impaired 57
Fats
absorption of 140f
digestion of 140f
insufficient emulsification of 132
normal absorption of 139
Fecal
chymotrypsin 141
elastase 141
fat 140
globules 140
quantitative estimation of 132
osmotic gap 133
pH 133
specimens, appearance of 123
Fechtner syndrome 240
Fetal
fibronectin 162
hemoglobin 357
lung maturity, determination of 162
macrosomia 57
maternal hemorrhage 291
enteric 182
episodes of 180
factitious 181
familial mediterranean 181
mediterranean 181
of unknown origin 180
pattern of 181
periodic 182
relapsing 181
scarlet 269
Fibrinolytic system 321
Fibroid 165
Fibrous pericardium 110
Figlu excretion test 406f
Filaria 228
Filarial antigen, detection of 266
Finasteride 378
Fine needle aspiration cytology 357
Floatation techniques 123
Florence test 179
Fluorescent spot test 406
Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test 406
Foam stability index 163
Foam test 29
Focal hepatic lesions 78
Folate metabolism, normal 276
Follicular cell and proteolysis 150
Foot processes, fusion of 53
Foramen of Magendie 93
Foramen of Munro 93
Foramina of Luschka 93
Formalin 18
Formol gel test 406
Fredrickson classification 83
Free acidity 137
Friedewald's equation 86
Friedman test 159
Froin's syndrome 97
Frozen red cells 395
Fructosamine test 406
Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber 97
Fulminant hepatic failure 72
Fungi 119
G
Gallbladder, rupture of 108
Gallstones 69
Gamete intrafallopian transfer 173
Gametogony 257
Gamma glutamyl transferase 9
Gasometric method 213
Gastrectomy 273
Gastric
acid
secretion 134
secretion, stimulation of 135f
methods of 136
biopsy 277
carcinoma 138
diseases 131
hemorrhage, severe 136
intubation 136
juice 134
collection of 137
normal 135
volume of 135
phase 134
secretion 137
Gastrinoma 121
Gastrointestinal function 156
Gaucher's disease 249
Gaussian distribution 8
G-banding technique 406
Genitourinary tract 273
Gerhardt test 406
Germ cell aplasia 168
Gestational carrier surrogacy 173
GHRH-arginine stimulation test 406
Giardia intestinalis 126
Giardiasis 141
Giemsa smear 119
Gitelman syndrome 43
Glitter cells 406
Global hemostatic tests 339
Glomerulus 42
Glucagon 55
Glucagonoma 56
Glucocorticoids 85
Gluconeogenesis 54
6-phosphate dehydrogenase 190
enzyme, role of 191f
concentration 59
dehydrogenase 59
detection of 26
low 107
oxidase 26
tolerance
Glucuronic acid 26
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 55
Glycogen storage disease 27
Glycogenesis 54
Glycolysis 190
Glycoproteins 364f
Glycosphingolipids 364f
Glycosylated hemoglobin test 406
Goiter, diffuse 151
Golgi apparatus 54f
Graduated hemoglobin tube 214f
Graft-versus-host disease, transfusion associated 401
Gragmented cell 233
Granulocytic cells 192t
Granuloma 249
Granulomatosis 52
Granulomatous thyroiditis, subacute 153
Granulopoiesis, stages of 192f
Gray platelet syndrome 240
Ground itch 128
Guaiac test 406
H
Hamster egg penetration assay 179
Hashimoto's disease 155
Hazards, biological 14
Head injury 91
Head of pancreas, carcinoma of 69
Headache, post-puncture 95
Hearing loss 240
Hemagglutination inhibition test 271f
Hematological tests 198
Hematolymphoid neoplasms 359t
Heme, biosynthesis of 348f
Hemiglobincyanide method 215
catabolism of 296f
color scale 215f
D disorders 285
density, low 210
disease 233
disorders 285
low 295
pipette 214
Hemoglobinemia 401
Hemophagocytosis syndrome 272
Hemorrhoid 273
Hemosiderin 32
Hemosiderosis, transfusion 400
Hemothorax 104
Hepatitis
acute 75
B 383
antigen 164
immunoglobulin 378
C 383
chronic 218f
active 76
granulomatous 181
infectious 239
infective 238
ischemic 76
panel 182
Hepatobiliary disease 74
Hepatoma 108
Hernia, hiatus 131
Hess’ test 406
Heterophile antibodies 406
Hexagonal phase phospholipid test 343
Hexose monophosphate shunt 190
High adenosine deaminase level 107
High carotene ingestion 97
High frequency alloantibodies 391
High molecular-weight-kininogen 321
High protein diet 6
Higher mean corpuscular volume 7
Hirudin therapy 339
Hodgkin's disease 238
Homogentisic acid 26
Homovanillic acid 408
Hormonal disorders 121
Hot nodule 155
Housekeeping procedures 14
Human
albumin solutions 397
level of 158f
disease 385
viral load 272
leukocyte antigens 193
parvovirus B 19 383
pituitary gland 378
T cell leukemia virus 383
Hydatidiform mole 151
Hydronephrosis 31
Hydrosalpinx 173
Hydroxyapatite 114
Hyperaldosteronism, secondary 22
Hypercholestrolemia, polygenic 84
Hypereosinophilic syndrome 238
Hyperfibrinogenemia 234
Hyperparasitemia 259
Hyperprolactinemia 170
Hyperventilation 380
Hypoalbuminemia 22
Hypocalcemia 57
Hypogammaglobulinemia 314
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 167
Hypo-osmotic swelling test 406
Hypopituitarism 170
Hypospermatogenesis 167
Hypothalamus
diseases of 153
pituitary
ovarian axis 169f
testis axis 166f
secretes gonadotropin releasing
hormone 166
Hypotonic urine 406
Hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography 172
I
Iberis amara 364
Ideal test 11f
Immotile cilia syndrome 167
Immune hemolytic transfusion reaction 406
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 323
Immunochromatographic test strip 262f
Immunocompromised hosts 122
Immunosuppressive therapy 182
In vitro fertilization 173
Infectious diseases, hematology of 256
Inflammation, chronic 340
Influenza 238
Inherited thrombocytopenia, classification of 207f
Injury, abdominal 108
Insemination, artificial 173
International Society of Blood Transfusion 363
International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis 345
Interstitial nephritis 21
Intestinal mucosa 140f
Intestinal mucosal disease 406
Intestinal resection 141
Intra-abdominal venous thrombosis 344
Intracranial mass lesion 96
Intracranial pressure, raised 95
Intracytoplasmic myeloperoxidase, detection of 356
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection 173
Intrahepatic cholestasis 69
Intraluminal filling defect 346
Intramuscular injection 91
Intra-pelvic abscess 181
Inulin clearance test 407
Iodamoeba butschlii 125
Iodide, diffusion of 149
Iodine deficiency 153
Iron
binding capacity, total 274
deficiency 406
deficient erythropoiesis 274
depletion 274
serum 274
stain 254f
studies 297
Isoniazid 26
Isopropanol precipitation test 407
Ivy's method 330
J
Jaffe's reaction 48
Jaffe's test 407
K
Kaposi sarcoma 272
Kartagener's syndrome 167
Karyopyknotic index 171
Kasabach-Merritt syndrome 327
Katex test 268
Keratocytes 233
Ketonuria, causes of 27
Ketosis 57
Kikuchi's disease 181
Klebsiella pneumonia 116
Kleihauer test 405
Kleihauer-Betke acid elution technique 288
Klima and Salah bone marrow aspiration needles 250f
Kussmaul's respiration 64
L
Lacrimal gland, enlargement of 182
Lactation 377
Lactic acid 6
Lactulose breath hydrogen test 140
Lag-storage glycosuria 25
Lamellar body count 163
Landsteiner's law 389
Large B cell lymphoma, diffuse 272
Laxative abuse 121
Leder stain 407
Leede-Rumpell test 406
Leiomyoma 173
Leishman stain 230
Leptospirosis 181
Leukapheresis 381
Leukocyte
abnormal 235
adhesion deficiency 356
alkaline phosphatase
reaction 312f
score 311
analysis 356
count
raised 269
esterase test 33
numerical abnormalities of 237
poor red cells 395
Leukocytospermia 175
Leukoerythroblastic reaction 237
Liddle syndrome 43
Liley's chart 288
Liley's graph 407
Limb of Henle 43
Lipemic blood 215
classification of 84f
disorders 84
classification of 83
lipase, deficiency of 85
metabolism 82
disorders of 81
molecule, basic structure of 81f
Listeria monocytogenes 101
Litmus paper test 20
Livedo reticularis 345
Liver 54
types of 77
cell 74f
carcinoma 184
chronic 77
etiologic diagnosis of 76
nature of 76
presence of 76
severity of 77
disorders 25
enlargement of 104
enzyme 69
abnormal 68b
classification of 68
interpretation of 76
functions of 66
hydatid cyst of 79
metabolic functions of 71
transplantation 78
Low molecular weight proteinuria 49
Low semen volume, evaluation of 168f
Lower urinary tract 21
Lumbar vertebrae, spinous processes of 250
Lundh meal 146
Lupus erythematosus cell 218f
Lyme disease 383
Lymphadenitis, mesenteric 122
Lymphadenopathy 141
Lymphoblasts 239
Lymphocytopenia 239
Lymphocytotoxicity test 407
Lymphoid
aggregates 272
cells 354f
leukemias, chronic 249
leukemoid reaction 239
tissue
disorders of 272
mucosa-associated 193
Lymphoproliferative disorders, chronic 236
Lysed venous blood method 265
M
Macroamylasemia 147
Macrocytes 232
Macrocytosis, non-megaloblastic 241
Macrophages, predominance of 114
Macrovascular disease 58
differential diagnosis of 259
antigen, detection of 262
identification of 260
morphology of 261f
nucleic acid sequences of 263
severe 259t
Malignant diseases 181
Malt lymphomas 272
Mastalgia 170
Mastectomy 5
Mastocytosis, systemic 138
Mastoiditis 181
Maternal second trimester screening 162t
Maturity onset diabetes of young 56
Mean platelet volume 207
Meckel's diverticulum 273
Mediastinitis 251
Megakaryoblast 194f
Megakaryoblastic leukemia, acute 305
Megakaryocytic lineage 306
causes of 278t
Megaloblastic macrocytic anemia 278
Megaloblasts 277
Melanoma 359
Membranes, premature rupture of 164
Menorrhagia 273
Menstrual cycle, normal 170f
Mesothelioma 104
Metabisulfite test 407
Metabolic syndrome 57
Metabolic waste products, exclusion of 42
Metastasis, meningeal 99
Metastatic melanoma, meningeal 97
Methemalbuminemia 296
Microplate method 372
Microaggregates, formation of 381
Microangiopathy 58
Microbiological tests 109
Microcytes 231
Microcytosis 282f
Microhematocrit
capillary tubes 219f
centrifuge 218
method 217
tube 265
concentration technique 265f
Microvascular disease 58
Migratory superficial thrombophlebitis 345
Miller ocular disk 224f
Milwaukee shoulder 114
Mitochondria 74f
Mitral stenosis 116
Mixed antiglobulin reaction test 177
Mixed connective tissue disease 405
Molecular genetic analysis 310
Monoblastic leukemia, acute 305
Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition diseases 315
Monocytic lineage 306
Monoiodotyrosine 149
Monosaccharides, absorption of 139
Motulsky dye reduction test 407
Mouth cells 233
Mucin clot test 113
Mucosa, disorders of 141
Mucus, copious amounts of 123
Multiorgan autoimmune disease 141
Muscular dystrophy 91
Myalgia 182
Myasthenia gravis 405
Mycoplasma pneumonia infection 269
Myelin basic protein 99
Myelocyte 192
Myeloid 253
cells 354f
leukemia 305
lineage 306
neoplasms, therapy-related 305
proliferations 305
sarcoma 305
Myelophthisis 238
Myocardial blood supply 87f
diagnosis of 90t
Myocardial injury, biochemical markers of 90t
Myocardial ischemia, symptoms of 88
Myocardial necrosis 89
Myocarditis 91
Myoglobinuria 33t
Myositis 182
N
Naegleria fowleri 100
Naïve B cell, mature 193
Nalidixic acid 26
National AIDS Control Organization 385
National Cholesterol Education Program 85
National Fire Protection Association 15
Natural anticoagulants, deficiencies of 345
Nausea 380
Necator americanus 128
Neck pain 182
Necrosis 238
Necrotic cells 253
Necrozoospermia 175
Needle-stick injury 200
Neimann-Pick disease 249
Neoplasia 121
Neuronal cells 99
Neuropathy, peripheral 54
Neurosyphilis 99
Neurovisceral porphyria, acute 350f
Neutral fats 132
function
evaluation of 356
test of 407
hypogranulation of 236
maturation of 192t
myelocytes 253
predominance of 114
Neutrophilic exudate 107
Newton's rings 221
Nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction test 407
Nocardia asteroides 118
Non-cellular casts 37
Non-endocrine diseases 25
Non-glomerular diseases 31
Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction 87
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents 44
Normal cerebrospinal fluid, composition of 93
Normal leukocytes, morphology of 234
Normal platelet aggregation curves 336f
Normal serum protein electrophoresis pattern 22f
Normal synovial fluid, composition of 112
Normocytic anemia, severe 259
Normovolemic hemodilution, acute 382
Normozoospermia 175
Norwalk virus 122
Nuchal translucency 161
Nuclear chromatin 125f
Nucleic acid testing 386
Nutritional anemia, specific treatment of 223
O
Obstruction, lymphatic 141
Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia 175
Oligosaccharide chains 364f
Oligozoospermia 175
Oliguria 18
Optical light scatter 203
Optics 352
Optimal sexual frequency 167
Oral anticoagulant therapy 407
Oral iron therapy 274
Oral Ryle's tube 136f
Oral ulcers 182
Organ transplantation 194
Orthopedic surgery 340
Osler's rule 9
Osmotic laxatives 121
Osteoarthritis 112
Osteopetrosis 249
Ova 131
Ovalocytes 233
Ovulation 170
Ovum, fertilization of 167f
Oxidation 149
Oxidized glutathione 191
P
Pain, abdominal 64
Panacinar emphysema 76
Pancreas
anatomy of 144
diseases of 141
gross anatomy of 144f
physiology of 144
proteolytic enzymes of 140f
resection of 141
Pancreozymin 145
Pancytopenia 182
Pandy's test 99f
Panmyelosis, acute 305
Pap smear 164
Papilledema 95
Para-aminosalicylic acid 26
Paracoagulation test 407
Paragonimus 119
Parietal cells 140
Parotitis 147
Parvovirus B19 272
Passages and accessory sex glands, dysfunction of 167
Pelger-Huet cells 236
Pencil cells 274f
Penicillin 26
Pentoses 26
Pepsin 135
Periarteritis nodosa 182
Pericardial effusion, causes of 111t
Pericardiocentesis 111
Pericarditis 141
Periodic non-stress test 290
Peroxidase antiperoxidase technique 358
Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis 239
Phenothiazines 238
Phenytoin 239
Phlebotomy, therapeutic 382
Phosphatidylglycerol 163
Photoelectric methods 213
Photomultiplier tubes 353
Pituitary disease 153
Plan renal replacement therapy 44
albumin, low 22
leukemia 315
series 253
components 396
frozen 396
glucose 64
fasting 61
random 61
osmolality 51
potassium 6
proteins 320
Plasmacytoma 315
Plasmapheresis 380
abnormalities of 329
activation 357
adhesion and aggregation 319f
aggregation
pattern 337
analysis 357
clumps of 240f
concentrate 395
manual 227b
total 198
distribution width 207
formation, stages of 194f
fraction, immature 207
function
loss of 381
histogram 208
neutralization test 343
parameters 206
automated 210
interpretation of 211
receptors, deficiency of 357
heavy centrifugation of 393f
transfusions 396t
Pleural tuberculosis, diagnosis of 107b
Pleuritis, lupus 108
Plummer-Vinson syndrome 273
Pneumococcal lobar pneumonia 116
Pneumococci 101
Pneumonic plague 119
Poems syndrome 315
Poisoning 237
Polyagglutination 373
Polychromasia 287f
Polycystic kidney disease 31
Polyphagia 54
Polysaccharides 139
Porphobilinogen 16
Porta hepatis 69
Poultry products 122
Preeclampsia 21
Preleukemia 182
Proficiency testing program 12
Prolactinoma 170
Prolonged bleeding time, evaluation of 331f
Promegakaryocyte 194f
Prorubricyte 189
Prostate 174
Proteases 145
absorption 140f
acute phase 406
C 345
normal action of 341f
calorie malnutrition 27
diet, low 49
estimation of 98
normal absorption of 139
S 345
deficiency of 342
normal action of 341f
synthesis 54
detection of 22
evaluation of 25f
grading of 23f
massive 22
non-selective 22f
postural 21
pre-renal 21
renal 21
selective 22f
Proteolytic enzymes 145
Prothrombin complex concentrate 397
Prothymocyte 193
Proton pump inhibitors 136
Protozoal cysts, recovery of 131
Proximal convoluted tubule 43
Proximal tubular function 49
Pruritus 77
Pseudoappendicitis 122
Pseudocasts 37
Pseudochylous effusion 105
Pseudocyst 147
Pseudogout 112
Pseudomembranous colitis 121
Puerperium 340
Pure red cell aplasia 225
Purpura fulminans 344
Pyloric stenosis 136
Pyogenic meningitis, acute 102
Pyrogenic cytokines 180
Pyrogens, exogenous 180
Pyruvate 6
R
Rabies vaccine 378
Radial immunodiffusion 315
Radioimmunoassay 384
Rainbow colored rings 221
Raised serum amylase, evaluation of 147f
Rapid flow cytometry screening test 406
Rash 182
Rat bite fever 181
Reaven's syndrome 57
Rebuck skin window test 407
abnormalities 329
apheresis 380
autoagglutination of 405
basophilic stippling of 405
components 394
enzyme 190
defects 296
automated 242t
manual 242t
uses of 241
disorders of 285
structure of 191f
population, trail of 208
storage lesion 381b
Refractometer method 72
Reheated rice syndrome 122
Reiter's syndrome 114
Renal epithelial cell cast 38
Renal stones 44
Renal tubules, physiology of 44f
Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome 322
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system 42
Reperfusion injury 88
Replacement blood donor 376
Reticular cells 248
absolute 225
corrected 225
fraction, immature 210
maturation, stages of 224f
parameters, automated 208
percentage 223
Reticulocytopenia 225
Retinal artery, occlusion of 182
Reverse passive hemagglutination assay 384
Reye's syndrome 73
Rh system, antigens of 367
Rhabdomyosarcoma 359
Rhinitis 238
Ribonucleic acid 223
Ribulose-5-phosphate isomerase 191
Richter's syndrome 313
Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation 326
Robertsonian translocation 167
Roth spots 182
Round cells 177
Roundworm 127
Rubricyte 189
Rumpel-Leede capillary fragility test 406
Russell's viper venom time 407
S
Sabouraud dextrose agar 119
Sahli's graduated hemoglobin tube 214
Sahli's method, disadvantages of 214
Salah and Klima needles 250
Salicylates 26
Saline wet mount 123
Sarcoidosis 181
Sarcoma 359
Scars 5
Schizocyte 233
Schizogony, pre-erythrocytic 257
Scleroderma, diffuse 405
Sclerosed veins, presence of 5
Sclerosing panencephalitis, subacute 99
Scolex, identification of 130
Screening tests, interpretation of 334
Sebastian syndrome 240
Semen 174
biochemical variables of 174t
computer-assisted 179
normal values of 174t
biochemical analysis of 178
collection of 174
examination of 179
volume 174b
Seminal vesicles 174
Sepsis 340
Septate uterus 165
Serous body fluids, examination of 104
Serratia liquefaciens 399
Sertoli cells 166
Serum bilirubin increased, types of 70
Serum methylmalonic acid, measurement of 278f
Serum protein electrophoresis, principle of 316f
Sexually transmitted diseases 167
Sezary syndrome 236
Sheehan's syndrome 170
hemoglobin 407
Sickling test 296
Sickness, serum 239
Sideroblasts 253
Siderocytes 253
Silicosis 182
Simmond's disease 170
Single donor platelets 396
Single radial immunodiffusion, principle of 318f
Sinusitis, chronic 181
Skin
diseases 238
disinfection, inadequate 200
hyperpigmentaion of 141
necrosis, warfarin-induced 344
piercing 378
puncture 196
Slide test 371t
Small intestine, diseases of 132
Small lymphocytes 230
Small round cell tumor 359
Smudged cells 407
carbonate 18
fluoride 199
fractional excretion of 50
lauryl sulfate method 216
loading test 407
urinary concentration of 50
Solid phase adherence technology 372
Solitary thyroid nodule, evaluation of 155
Solubility test 407
Soluble transferrin receptor 274
Southern blot 407
Spectrophotometry 97
Sperm
count 176
function tests 178
morphology 176
normal 177b
motility 175
normal 178f
viability 176
Sphingomyelin 163
Spina bifida 406
Spinal canal 95
Spinal tenderness 182
Spinnbarkeit test 171
Spleen, enlargement of 104
Spondyloarthropathies 114
Spur cells 233
Sputum
appearance of 116
collection of 116
cytological examination of 119
induction of 116
smear, examination of 118
ST segment elevation myocardial infarction 87
Staghorn calculi 40
Stain, removal of 230
Staphylococcus aureus 116
Steatohepatitis, nonalcoholic 76
Stein-Leventhal syndrome 170
Sterile tube 113
Sternal tenderness 182
Sternum 250
Steroid hormones, catabolism of 67
Still's disease 184
Stomatocytes 233
Storage pool defects 325
Straw-colored transudative fluid 105
Strenuous exercise 21
Streptococcus pyogenes 116
Streptomycin 26
String test 129
Strongyloides stercoralis 128
Structural renal tract disease 44
Subarachnoidal epidermal cyst 95
Subendothelial deposits 53
Subepithelial electron-dense deposits 53
Sudan stain 132
Sulfonylureas 54f
Suprapubic aspiration 17
Sweat 411
Swollen red cells 35f
Synaptophysin 359
Synovial membrane 111
T
T lymphocytes 193t
Tachycardia 181
Tamm-Horsfall protein matrix 37
Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 408
Tattoos 5
Telescoped urinary sediment 408
Teratozoospermia 175
Test tube method 371
Testes 174
Testosterone 169
Tetracycline 239
Tetramethylbenzidine 32
Tetrazolium-linked cytochemical method 408
Thiazides 25
Thick exudative fluid 105
Thoracic duct 108
Thoracoscopy 108
Three-glass specimen 17
Thromboelastography 339
Thrombopoiesis 194
Thymol 18
Thyroid
anatomy of 149
autoantibodies 155b
disease, subclinical 151
interpretation of 155t
gland, anatomy of 149f
hormone 169
biosynthesis of 149
deficiency 155
functions of 149
low 151
production, regulation of 150f
synthesis of 150f
physiology of 149
scintiscanning 155
Tibia 250
Ticlopidine 378
Tissue thromboplastin inhibition test 408
Toluene 18
Toluidine blue stain 306
Topfer's reagent 137
Torsion 177
Toxic peroxide, detoxification of 191f
Toxoplasma gondii 383
Trace metal analysis 4
Transfusion therapy 393t
Transparent tape method 130f
Transport iron, low 274
Transthyretin 99
Traveler's diarrhea 122
Trichinosis 238
Trichomonas vaginalis 37
Trichrome stain 125f
Trisodium citrate 199
Tropheryma whipplei 141
Trophoblastic tumors 151
Trypanosoma cruzi 383
Trypanosomes 100
Tubeless gastric analysis 138
Tuberculin test 407
Tubules, diseases of 50
Turbid urine, causes of 19t
Turk cell 408
Turk solution, composition of 97
Typical acute viral hepatitis 77
Tyrosinemia 40
U
Ulcer, endoscopic biopsy of 126
Ulcerative colitis 131
Urease-Berthelot reaction 48
chemical examination of 20b
collection of 16
crystals 40t
culture 164
different colors of 18t
examination of 16
glucose 25b
microscopic examination of 33
protein electrophoresis 24f
sample, collection of 16b
specific gravity 50
urobilinogen 70
Urinometer method 19
Urticaria 238
Uterus, congenital malformations of 165
V
Vaginal cytology 171
Vagotomy 138
Van Slyke apparatus 213
Variegate porphyria 351
Vas deferens 174
Vascular graft infections 181
Vasculitides 181
Vasectomy 177
Velocardiofacial syndrome 240
Venepuncture, complications of 197
Venous thromboembolism, diagnosis of 346b
Ventilation-perfusion lung scanning 347
Very high leukocyte count 107
Vibrio cholerae 122
Vicia graminea 364
Villi, autoimmune destruction of 141
Vim-Silverman liver biopsy needle 78f
Vipoma 121
Viruses 384
Vision, blurred 54
Vitamin
A, fat-soluble 139
B12 273
diagnosis of 406
metabolism, normal 275
D, fat-soluble 139
E, fat-soluble 139
fat-soluble 141
K
fat-soluble 139
Vitiligo 55
Voluminous rice water diarrhea 122
Vomiting 380
Von Gierke's disease 27
W
Wafer cell 407
Water loading test 408
Wedge method 228
Westgard multirules 13t
WHO hemoglobin color scale 214
Whooping cough 239
Widal test 408
Wiener and Fisher-race systems 369t
Wiener theory 368f
Wilms’ tumor 359
Wintrobe mixture 199
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome 240