Textbook of Obstetrics Hiralal Konar
INDEX
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
Page numbers followed by b refer to box, f refer to figure, fc refer to flowchart, and t refer to table.
A
Abdomen 37, 46, 66, 421, 601
enlargement of 65
girth of 90, 96, 192, 203, 307
straight X-ray 311
ultrasonography of 159
Abdominal aorta 8
compression of 392
Abdominal cavity 503
Abdominal cerclage 165
Abdominal circumference 65f, 435, 602f, 626f
Abdominal examination 64, 71, 214, 232, 334, 348, 369f
Abdominal girth
measurement of 435
round umbilicus 203f
Abdominal hysterotomy 169, 526
Abdominal incision 377
transverse 545t
Abdominal muscles 117, 146, 147, 360
tone of 89
Abdominal operation 405
Abdominal pain 158, 172, 292
acute 173
lower 173, 183
Abdominal palpation 128, 193, 345
refrain from 323
Abdominal pregnancy 44, 178, 179
primary 178
secondary 171, 313
Abdominal transducers 493f
Abdominal wall 66, 200
anatomy of anterior 14
anterior 14f, 80
defects 602t
lax 44
Abdominovaginal examination 187
Abdominovaginal method 337
Abduction, movement of 365f
ABO
group incompatibility 452
hemolytic disease 589
Abortion 153, 157, 162, 165, 205, 268
classification of 153, 154fc
early 157
incomplete 523
induced 170
induction of 158, 166, 473
mid-trimester 294
recurrent 154, 162
spontaneous 153, 205
surgical 167
threatened 184, 295
unsafe 159, 160, 559
Abortus 153
Abruptio placentae 212, 233, 234t, 239, 240t, 242t, 255, 327, 487, 578, 583, 584
management of 243fc
varieties of 239f
Abruption 593
severe 243
Abuse, drug of 477
Acardiac perfused twin 196
Acardius fetus 197f
Accidental injury 491
Accredited Social Health Activist 560
Acetaminophen 287
Acetone, tests for 606
Aching pain, acute 285
Acid-base
balance 51
changes 52t
status 105
Acidemia 96, 431
Acidity 92
Acidophilic prolactin 58
Acidosis 150, 382, 439b, 447, 568
correction of 576
Acne 507
Acordia 208
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 288, 506
Acquired thrombophilia 161, 414
Acriflavine 299
Acrocyanosis 420
Acrosomal cap 18
Acrosomal membrane
activation of 18
inner 18
outer 18f
Acrosome reaction 18
Actin 109
Actinomycin D 189
Activate apoptotic pathways 210
Activated partial thromboplastin time 581f
Acute respiratory distress syndrome 215
Acyclovir 478
intravenous 288
Adaptive immune system 588
Addisonian pernicious anemia 254
Adenosine monophosphate 110
Adherent placenta 237, 314, 394
morbidly 234
Adhesions 549
Adjuvant therapy 327, 584
Adnexa 160
Adnexal mass 599
detection of 292
management of 292
Adrenal cortex 58, 59
Adrenal insufficiency 574
Adrenaline 480
Adrenergic receptors, types of 110
Adrenocortical hormones 150
Adult respiratory distress syndrome 222
Advanced invasive disease 295
Aedes aegypti mosquito 288
Aerobacter aerogenes 573
Ailments, management of 145, 147
Airway
inflammation 278
management 444
Albumin 63, 450
Albuterol, high dose 279
Alcohol 91, 94, 155, 479
Alimentary system 52
Alkali denaturation test 607
Allantois 36
Allis tissue forceps 611
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells 596
Allogeneic transplantation 597
Alloimmune 155
Alloimmunization 106, 319, 329, 587
causes of 319
Alpha-fetoprotein 103
Alpha-thalassemia 257, 597
minor 257
Aluminium hydroxide 92
Ambu bag 445f
Ambulance 528, 548
Amenorrhea 61, 65, 66, 71, 154, 155, 172, 173, 183, 187, 503, 508
mechanism of 142fc
Amino acids 33, 50
Aminoglycosides 478
Amiodarone 274
Amnihook 491
Amniocentesis 99, 102, 104t, 105, 205, 301, 308, 322, 465, 598, 601, 605, 605f
complications of 606
early 105, 606
Amnioinfusion 449, 550, 571, 605
advantages of 571
indications of 571, 605
Amnion 34, 113, 188
cells 108
nodosum 205
structure of 34
Amnionitis 105, 304, 459, 491
Amniotic cavity 24, 34, 36
formation of 24f
relation of 26f
Amniotic epithelium 34
Amniotic fluid 34, 35, 37, 97, 104, 240, 301, 416, 604
amount of 37
assessment of 602
circulation of 35fc
culture 305
discordance 196
disorders 190, 202
embolism 583, 585
glucose 305
index 35, 203
leukocyte esterase 305
optical density 100
origin of 34
production of 34t
removal of 34t
source of 35fc
specimen 284
testing 284
turbidity 100
volume 36f, 65, 98, 206, 436, 440
Amniotic membrane 27, 403f
Amniotic sac 24f
herniation of 315f
Amniotomy 290, 325, 374, 490, 490t
advantages of 243, 490
selective 380
Amoxicillin 285, 306
Ampicillin 306, 388, 417
Ampulla 7, 14, 171
Anaerobic metabolism 96
Anal epithelium 398
Anal incontinence 147
Anal mucosa 398
Anal sphincter complex 398
Anal triangle 10
Analgesia 292, 309, 318, 361, 479, 480
infiltration 484
maternal 532
patient-controlled 484
Analgesic 144, 159, 481, 547
drugs, use of 198
Anaphylaxis 416
Anatomical perineum 9, 10
Ancylostoma 284
Androgen levels, high 413
Androgenesis 182
Android 80, 332
pelvis 347, 378
Androstenedione 55
Anembryonic sac 156
ultrasonographic picture of 156f
Anemia 88, 194, 246, 251fc, 255, 258, 283, 285–287, 387, 407, 410, 431, 453, 559, 568
causes of 248–250
complications of 249
congenital 320, 321
correction of 145
degree of 248
dimorphic 255, 255f
grading of 248b
pathological 248
polycythemia syndrome 196
prevalence of 192, 247
prevention of 414
refractory 253
severe 91, 253, 321, 388
treatment of 447
types of 248, 250
Anencephalic fetuses 384
Anencephaly 202, 384, 384f, 599
Anesthesia 220, 243, 387, 479, 515, 523, 532, 545
local 388, 516
maternal risk factors for 479
Anesthetic hazards 549
Aneuploidy 86, 600
screening of 599, 600
sonographic markers of 586
Angina 112
pectoris 249
Anginal pain 468
Angiogenic proteins 211
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors 474, 475, 478
Anisocytosis 248
Ankle edema 89, 93
Anococcygeal raphe 9
Anomaly, congenital 196, 307, 487
Anorectal manometry 399
Anoxia 221, 456
Antenatal care 86, 228, 270, 289, 555, 557, 559
bundles 86
regular 235, 562
Antenatal corticosteroid 306
administration of 430
risk of 303
therapy 244, 306, 446, 466
Antenatal Doppler ultrasound 99t
Antenatal fetal
monitoring 95, 215
surveillance 308
tests, rationality of 95t
wellbeing 586
Antenatal hygiene 91
Antenatal intranatal detection 380
Antenatal management 197, 228, 359
Antenatal prophylaxis 409
Antenatal visit, interval of 197
Antepartum
death 310
eclampsia 222
Antepartum fetal
deaths 96
monitoring 587
surveillance 96
Antepartum hemorrhage 194, 230, 233, 245, 310, 359, 387, 543, 561, 562, 587
causes of 230, 230fc
Anthropoid 80, 332, 347
Antiangiogenic proteins 211
Antibacterial products 142
Antibiotic 159, 160, 224, 302, 410, 576
broad spectrum 507
coverage 449
intravenous 389
prophylaxis 594
regimens, choice of 410
therapy 159, 413, 459
spite of 414
use of 306
Antibody 89, 319
antimicrosomal 274
autoanalyzer measurement of 323
detection 323
formation, mechanism of 320
mediated immune suppression 321
types of 320
Anticardiolipin antibodies 154
Anticholinergic medications 286
Anticipating perineal tear 527
Anticoagulant 264, 415, 474, 476t
role of 261
use of 261
Anticoagulation therapy 261
Anticonvulsants 224, 457, 474, 476t, 477, 478, 485
Anti-D
antibodies 326
gammaglobulin 155, 360
immunoglobulin 105, 181, 244, 321, 322, 322f, 323, 329
immunoprophylaxis, additional indications of 329
Antidiuresis 468
Antidote 476
Antihypertensive 218, 225, 485
drugs 227, 473, 474t
first-line of 225
medications 229
therapy 473
Anti-inflammatory response 156
Antimalarial drugs, potential risk of 283
Antimetabolities 478
Antimicrobial agents 285
Antimicrobial suppression therapy 285
Antimicrobial therapy 159, 591
Antinsulin factors 59
Antinuclear antibodies 280
Antioxidants 217
Antiphospholipid antibody 161
syndrome 154, 164
diagnosis of 328b
nonthrombotic manifestations of 329
Antiphospholipid syndrome 205, 310, 328, 590
Antiplatelet agent 216, 440
Antiprogesterone 511–513
Antipsychotics 417
Antiseptics 126, 145
cleaning 362
dressing 127
painting 545
Antishock treatment 175
Antithrombin deficiency 328
Antithrombotic therapy 164
Antithyroid drugs 477
Antitubercular drug therapy 281t
Anuria 215, 225, 241, 431, 578
phase of 579
Anus 421
Anxiety 340, 425
disorder 417
state 413
Anxiolytics 478
Aorta
coarctation of 264, 463
descending 41
Aortic stenosis 263
Apex beat 49
Apgar scoring 443t
Aplastic anemia 255
Apnea 421, 431
Appendicitis 291
acute 291
effect of 291
symptoms of 291
Appendix 291
Appetite 87
Arachidonic acid deficiency 268
Arena oxides 477
Areola 13, 46, 61, 412
secondary 46, 66
Arias-Stella reaction 172
Arm
delivery of 362
anterior 363f
hazards of 490
nuchal displacement of 366
urgent delivery of 366
Arnold-Chiari malformation 602f
Arrest disorders 379, 381
Arrhythmias 263, 265, 468
absence of 263
Arterial blood
gas 415, 590, 590t
values, normal range of 443
short circuit of 30
Arterial Doppler indices 99, 99t
Arterial spasm 414
Arterial thrombosis 161
Arterio-capillary-venous system 26
Artery 3
Arthritis 282
Ascaris lumbricoides 284
Ascites, maternal 203
Ascorbic acid 91
Asepsis 126, 145
Aseptic examination 305
Aseptic procedures, essential 129
Asherman's syndrome 154
Asphyxia 195, 234, 272, 382, 430, 442
prolonged 442
Aspirin 144, 327, 437, 478
low-dose 437
Assisted reproductive techniques 190, 300, 593
Asthma 278, 279
acute attacks of 279
childhood 147
effects of 279
exacerbation 279
precipitate 279
severity 279
step therapy of 279t
Asynclitism
advantages of 118b
posterior 118
Ataxia 151
Atazanavir 289
Atelectasis 407, 416
Atonic hemorrhage 387, 392
causes of 387
Atonic uterus 234, 386, 390
Atopic dermatitis 423
Atopic dermatology 147
Atrial arrhythmias 263
Atrial septal defect 263
Atrophic glossitis 249
Atropine 568
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 431
Audit cycle 596, 596f
Augmentation 318, 469, 473, 487, 492
Auscultation 73, 469, 565
Autoantibody 161, 265
Autoimmune 155, 274
disease 218
thrombocytopenia 105
thyroid disease, chronic 274
Autoimmunity 154, 161
Autologous stem cells 596, 597
Autonomy 592
Autopsy 311
Autosomal dominant disorder 258
Autosomal trisomy 153
Autotransfusion 49, 176, 585
Axillary tail 46
Axis traction device 531
Azathioprine 280
Azithromycin 283
Azotemia 144
B
Baby's blood hemoglobin 238
Baby-friendly hospital initiative 145, 423, 428
Backache 92, 147
Bacteremia 409
pneumonia 284
Bacteremic shock, management of 410
Bacteria 310
Bacterial endocarditis 261
Bacterial infection 282
Bacterial vaginosis 93, 161, 300
Bacteriuria, asymptomatic 285
Bacteroides 300, 414
Bakri balloon 392f
Balloon
tamponade 392
vulvotomy 263
Banana sign 601
Bandl's ring 344, 344f, 345
Bariatric surgery 254
Barotrauma 448
Barrier function 32, 33
Barrier methods, types of 518
Bartholin's ducts, opening of 2
Bartholin's glands 1, 2, 3f, 4, 10
Basal cell hyperplasia 45
Basal insulin 270
Basal metabolic rate 58
Basal plate 28, 29f
Basal tone 343
Baseline laboratory tests 280
Battledore placenta 208
Beats per minute 577
Beckwith syndrome 420
Bedside tests 583
Benedict's test 606
Benzathine penicillin 262
Benzodiazepines 481
Bereavement management 313
Beriberi 151
Beta agonist, long-acting 279
Beta-cell dysfunction 265
Beta-hemolytic streptococcus 410
Beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin 103
Betamethasone 243, 430
administration of 447
Betamimetics 475
Beta-thalassemia 105, 257, 597
major 257
minor 257
Bicarbonate 96, 272
Bicornuate uterus 162, 294, 355
Bilaminar germ disk 23
Bilirubin 151, 450, 606f
conjugated 449
defective conjugation of 450
source 449
Bilobate placenta 208f
Bimalar placement 533
Bimanual compression 390, 390f
Bimastoid diameter 77
Biochemical analytes 103
Biochemical markers 435, 436
Biochemical tests 194
Biophysical profile
indications for 97
modified 97, 101, 308
scoring 97t
Bioprosthetic valves 264
Biopsy 295
Biparietal bimalar application 534f
Biparietal diameter 77, 601, 601f
Biparietal placement 533
Bipolar affective disorders 417
Birth
defect 107
spacing of 250, 521
trauma 442, 562
Birth asphyxia 358, 562, 563
clinical sequelae of 443
Birth canal 120, 398, 535f
formation of 122f
Birth injury 234, 267, 269, 358, 455, 455t, 466
complications of 270
following assisted breech delivery 358f
Birth weight 429
very low 429
Bishop's preinduction cervical scoring system, modified 489t
Bispinous diameter 81f
Bitemporal diameter 77, 332
Bladder 36, 52, 298, 381, 411
care of 128, 144
dissection 546
empty 523
filling 377
injury 406, 549
neck 298, 411
varicosity, rupture of 285
Blades
identification of 536
slipping of 535
Blastocyst 20, 20f, 21
death of 172
interstitial implantation of 22f
transfer 190
Blastomere biopsy 106
preimplantation 257
Bleeding 195, 241
abnormal 283
arrest of 389
causes of 231
control of 117
disorders 105, 453
intraoperative 546
per vaginam 155
presence of 239
spontaneous control of 231
Blood 89, 159, 218, 232, 237, 242, 284, 311, 579
amount of 326
biochemical changes 446, 579
blood barrier 31
cells 140
chlorides 213
circulation of 29
coagulopathy 241
component therapy 584
constituents 413
cross-match 544
culture 409
donors, screening of 277
extravasation 450
gas values, normal 446
group 191, 388
infection 376
maternal 102, 465, 607
migration of 30
oxalated 326
quality of 253
quantity of 253, 326
smear, peripheral 258, 583
stained mucus 121
uric acid 213
values 141, 608t
vessels 10, 36, 44f, 117f, 140, 141, 184f, 212, 213
Blood clots 386
presence of 145
Blood coagulation
disorders 157, 244, 311, 580
tests for 607
factors 48, 49t
inherited abnormalities of 453
mechanism 580
normal 582
profile, normal values of 607t
Blood flow
intraplacental 627f
regional distribution of 50
Blood glucose 271, 446
estimation 268
Blood loss 156, 235, 376, 386, 387, 575
amount of 235, 575t
effect of 387
excessive 248
visible 232
visual estimation of 386
Blood pressure 49, 50, 89, 95, 128, 210, 227
elevation, severe 213
measurement technique 210
systolic 577
Blood sample 235, 382
collection of 400, 607, 607t
Blood sugar estimation
frequent 270
samples for 608
Blood transfusion 105, 156, 159, 160, 394, 578
advantages of 253
exchange 256
place of 253
risk of 585
B-lynch
brace suture 392f
compression suture 392
B-mode 598
Body mass index 47, 94t, 329
Body stalk 23, 24
Body water metabolism 47
Bone marrow 254, 255
insufficiency 246
place of 249
Bony landmarks 79
Bony pelvis, maternal 379
Borderline oligohydramnios 205
Bottle feeding 423
Bowel 128
care 144, 548
habit 87
regular 92
Brachial plexus 269
injury 458
palsy 458
Brachycephaly, primary 348
Bradycardia 105, 360
Brain 150, 445
MRI of 212f, 457f
natriuretic peptides 48
tissue 384
Brandt-Andrews method, modified 132
Braxton-Hicks contraction 44, 64, 65, 71, 179
absence of 66
Breakthrough bleeding 507
Breast 13, 46, 49, 57, 66, 420, 428
abscess 407, 412, 413, 416
accessory 14
ailments 425
asymmetry of 14
cancer 508
care of 91, 144, 145, 427
changes 61, 63
complications 412, 418
discomfort 61
engorgement 412, 413, 416, 426
examination of 89
massage 426
mature 13
nodule 420
pain 413, 425
parenchymal tissues 412
preparations of 59
pumps 426
size of 46
structure of 13f
submucosa 148
support 413
surgery 413
target cells 143
Breast milk 142t, 144, 276, 413, 423, 426, 476b
benefits of 147
expression of 426
jaundice 450
substitute for 427
Breast tissue 14, 46
destruction of 413
Breastfeeding 138, 142, 148, 273, 278, 279, 281, 288, 326, 413, 423, 425, 425t, 428, 477b, 486, 521
advantages of 423, 428
contraindications of 278, 425
early 272
exclusive 144, 147b, 423, 428
jaundice 450
management of 423
preparations for 423
technique of 424f
Breathing movements 40
Breathlessness 183
Breech 199
complicated 355
extraction 361, 402, 405, 548
flexed 355
recurrent 356
trial of 365
types of 356
Breech delivery
assisted 361
route of 361t
Breech presentation 355, 355f, 356, 357f, 367, 384, 540, 550
diagnosis of 356, 356t
etiology of 355
management of 360fc
Bregmatic sternal diameter 368f
Broad ligament 6, 140
hematoma 387, 405
pregnancy, secondary 172
Bromocriptine 477
Bronchocele, congenital 368
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 448
Bronchoscopy 280
Brow presentation 370, 371f
Brucella 154
Brushfield's spots 420
Bubble test 99
Bucket-holding fashion 113
Bulging fluctuant mass 409
Bulging membranes 165
Bupivacaine 482
Burns-Marshall method 362, 363f
continuation of 363f
Burr cells 212
Butorphanol 481, 279
Buttocks 356
descent of 356
C
Caffeine citrate 432
Calcineurin inhibitors 228
Calcium 91
absorption 53
channel blockers 475
gluconate 224
metabolism 53
supplementation 217
Calendar method, users of 520
Calendar rhythm 520
Calmodulin calcium complex 110
Calorie 410
Calvarium, absence of 601
Candida 93
albicans 294, 407, 412
infection 145
Capillary blood glucose 273
Capillary endothelium 583
Capreomycin 281
Caput succedaneum 78, 79, 79t, 420
formation of 79f
Carbamazepine 278, 417, 478
Carbapenems 160
Carbetocin 388, 469, 473
Carbohydrate 423, 508
complex 266, 270
metabolism 50
Carboprost 620
Carcinoma
cervix 295, 393
advanced 543
effects of 295
Cardiac anginal pain 145
Cardiac arrest 574
Cardiac arrhythmia 259
Cardiac conduction system 280
Cardiac disease 90, 166, 259, 259b, 260, 303
Cardiac dysfunction 274
Cardiac efficiency, maintenance of 575
Cardiac failure 88, 222, 259, 260b, 261
congestive 249, 257, 263, 264
management of 262
Cardiac lesion 259
Cardiac massage 415
Cardiac monitoring 261
Cardiac output 49, 141
Cardiac oxygen 263
Cardiac sounds, normal 49
Cardiac sphincter 52
Cardiac surgery 262
indications for 261
Cardiac tamponade 574
Cardiogenic shock 574
Cardiomyopathy 264, 270
Cardiopulmonary arrest 222
Cardiotocography 101, 311, 324
abnormal 359
interpretation of 567
limitation of 571
Cardiovascular physiology, effects of 259
Cardiovascular system 49
Care
escalation of 452
highest level of 590
Carotid artery, internal 324f
Carpal tunnel syndrome 53, 92
Cart, side effects of 290
Cartilage 311
Carunculae myrtiformes 2
Carus curve 84, 85f
Cataracts 286
Catastrophe 404
Catecholamine surge, absence of 448
Catheter, indwelling 410
Catheterisation, steps of 609
Cavity 82
Cavum septum pellucidum 600f
Ceftriaxone 382, 552
Celiac disease 248
Cell
hypertrophy 429
mass, outer 20
orange colored 100
salvage, intraoperative 394
saver 585
Cellular dysfunction 442
Cellular hyperplasia 429
Cellular tissue 10f
Cellulitis 460
superficial 412
Celsius temperature scale 609
Centchroman 509, 513
Central cyanosis 420
Central hemodynamics 50
Central nervous system 203, 482, 577
dysfunction 479
symptoms of 213, 214
Central placenta previa 543, 604, 627, 627f
Central venous pressure 261
Cephalhematoma 79, 420, 455
Cephalic application 531
Cephalic curve 531
Cephalic presentation 71, 73, 374, 550
Cephalic prominence 72
Cephalic version, intraoperative 374
Cephalometry 336, 337
Cephalopelvic disproportion 118, 328, 336f, 340, 344, 378, 380, 381, 543
diagnosis of 336
Cerclage operation 164, 164f
contraindications of 165
Cerebral artery
measurement of middle 324f
middle 99, 196, 324, 436
Cerebral circulation, characteristics of 212
Cerebral dysrhythmia 221
Cerebral edema 212, 221
Cerebral palsy 305
Cerebral pathology 221
Cervical
balloon catheter 492
cancer 508
carcinoma 289
ectopy 147, 294
injury 168, 400
insufficiency 162, 601
intraepithelial neoplasia 45, 506
laceration 168, 383, 401
miscarriage 155, 155f
mucus, character of 506
polyp 294
pregnancy 180, 180f
remodeling 495
signs 62
softening 168
stroma 180
swab 159
tear, repair of 399f
Cervical cerclage 165
complications of 165
Cervical cytology 89, 299, 506, 608
screening 508
false-negative 295
Cervical dilatation 122, 338, 365, 379, 480, 612
arrest of 338
degree of 127
failure of 379
progressive 123f
Cervical dystocia 343
primary 400
secondary 343
Cervical incompetence 162, 163, 165, 525, 562
diagnosis of 162
management of 164
Cervical lesions 153
local 233
Cervical ripening 318, 472, 488
methods of 488t, 495
Cervicovaginal canal 389
Cervix 5, 6, 45, 66, 113, 114, 140, 185, 186, 203, 219, 225, 294, 298, 309, 352, 353, 489, 508, 604
anterior lip of 122
diagnosis of incompetent 163f
dilatation of 44, 113, 113f, 122, 380
direction of 298f
edema of 298
effacement of 122
incompletely dilated 367
manual
exploration of 491
stretching of 299
part of 12
size of 139
slow dilatation of 234
softening of 45
vaginal part of 165
Cesarean delivery 194, 228, 237, 237f, 270, 276, 316, 344–346, 359, 361, 374, 376, 378, 388, 395, 403f, 407, 484t, 542, 543, 571, 593
benefits of 544t
cardiac indications of 261
indications for 317b, 354
planned 290
practical guidelines for 238
rates of 314
risk of 544t
safe prevention of 550
Cesarean hysterectomy 386, 550
Cesarean scar pregnancy 180, 181f
diagnostic features of 181
Cesarean section 219, 243, 271, 294, 297f, 325, 326, 339, 353, 365, 370, 374, 382, 385, 387, 388, 411, 468, 484, 489, 515, 583, 594
complications of 549
indications of 200, 225, 315, 352, 360, 361, 375, 543
lower segment 238, 544
place of 261, 313, 342
primary 542
rate 543
routine 367
use of 237
wound 410f
Chemical 155
injury 574
Chemokines 588
Chemoprophylaxis 283
Chemotaxis 20
Chemotherapy 187, 189
single agent 189
Chest 420, 601
circumference 51
compression 444
pain 158
acute 185
X-ray 280, 409, 415, 446
Chickenpox 33, 287, 287f
Childbirth fever, prevention of 407
Childhood immunization program 428
Chlamydia 154, 285, 289, 300, 301, 418, 460
trachomatis infection 170, 283
Chloasma 63, 507
gravidarum 46
Chloride 151
Chloroquine 283
Chlorpromazine 152
Cholelithiasis 256
symptomatic 292
Cholera vaccine 428
Cholestatic jaundice 508
Cholesterol 33
Cholic acid 275
Chorioamnionitis 165, 202, 305, 310, 380, 416
complications of 417, 417t
diagnostic tests for 305t
Choriocarcinoma 63, 182, 189
Choriodecidual thickness 599
Chorion 23, 34, 113
disease of 182
frondosum 23, 26, 104
laeve 23
part of 27
Chorionic activity, persistence of 230
Chorionic cavity 26f
Chorionic gonadotropin 183
examination of 150
quantitative estimation of 184
Chorionic plate 27, 29f
Chorionic sac 599
Chorionic tissue, syncytiotrophoblasts of 27
Chorionic villi 23
dilated 188
sampling 102, 104, 104t, 105f, 601
Chorionicity 190, 599
determination of 199f
diagnosis of 201
Chromosomal abnormalities 95, 96, 102, 154, 205, 310, 593
Chromosomal anomalies 163, 563
Chromosomal errors 164
Chromosome 17, 257, 311, 588
nomenclature 17
Chronic abruption 241
Chronic disease 247, 300
Chronic hypertensive disease 226
Chronic kidney disease, maternal 218
Chronic polyhydramnios, management of 204fc
Ciclosporin 228
Cimetidine 478
Circulatory collapse 283
Circulatory diseases 506
Clarithromycin 292
Classical cesarean
delivery 295
section 238, 315, 316, 548
Clavicle, fracture of 383
Cleft
lip 463
palate 463
Cleidotomy 383, 384, 552
Clindamycin 160
Clinical hypothyroidism 274
Clinical thermometer 609
Clitoris 2, 3
Clofazimine 282
Cloquet gland 3
Clostridium welchii 158, 311, 407
Clot observation test 583
Clotted blood 326, 607
Clotting factors, abnormalities of 453
Coagulation cascade 239
Coagulation defect 241
Coagulation failure 185
Coagulation inhibitory system 582
Coagulation mechanism 582
Coagulation parameters 608
Coagulation profile, abnormal 221
Coagulopathy 574
Co-amoxiclav 160
Cobalamin absorption 254
Cocaine 478
abuse 241
Coccyx 10, 38, 80, 85
Codeine 425
Coexistent molar pregnancy 188
Coexistent placental abruption 233
Coitus 91
interruptus 520, 520t
Cold 145
shock 574
sores 287
Colicky uterus 341
Colles fascia 11
Colloid 575
oncotic pressure 49
Color Doppler 233, 598
Colorectal carcinoma 508
Colostrum 46, 142, 143
composition of 142
corpuscles 142
percentage composition of 142t
Colporrhexis 399, 403
primary 401
Colpotomy, posterior 160
Columnar ciliated epithelial cells 7
Columnar epithelium 2
Coma 212f, 283
stages of 222
Combined hormonal
contraceptive 504, 512, 513, 522
regimen 512
Combined oral contraceptives 507b, 508, 512, 513
health benefits of 507
indications of 506
Combined pills, low-dose 272, 521
Communication, vascular 191f
Complete absorption 171
Complete blood count 89
Complete mole 188t
classical clinical features of 183b
Complete perforation 501
Complete tear, repair of 399
Compression decompression forces 364
Compression effect 530
Compression ultrasonography 414f
Computed tomography 335, 598, 604
Concealed placental abruption 404
Conception
control of 496
products of 156
types of 586
Condom 262, 519t
female 519, 519f
male 519, 522
use of 519
Cone biopsy 299
Congenic behavioral therapy 418
Congenital abnormalities 358
Congenital malformations 200f, 234, 268, 359, 368, 384, 425, 463, 562, 568
severe degrees of 294
Congenital rubella syndrome 286
Congenital varicella syndrome 287
Conjunctivitis 420, 459
Connective tissue stroma 14
Conservative surgery 396
Constipation 52, 91, 92, 150, 250, 296
Constitute post-ligation syndrome 518
Constriction ring 343, 343f, 345t, 378
dystocia 346
Consumptive coagulopathy 580
Continuous positive airway pressure 432, 447
Continuous suture 548
Continuous suture, third layer of 548
Contraception 146, 169, 176, 257, 262, 267, 272, 278, 280, 281, 329, 496, 497, 522
failure 167, 170
long-acting reversible 503, 511
methods of 146, 280, 497, 497f, 497fc
natural 522
regular method of 512
resumption of 176
types of 522
use of 187, 189
Contraceptive 498t
advice 187
agents 155
barrier method of 262, 272, 518, 522
benefits 507
counseling 290, 521, 522
efficacy 511
long acting reversible 147, 513
pills 67
prescription 518
protection 142
Contracted midpelvis 336
Contracted pelvis 331, 333, 337, 355, 359, 366, 370, 375, 378, 468, 543
diagnosis of 334
effects of 337
etiology of 332
Contraction 341
associated proteins 108, 110
frequency 301
isolated outlet 336
number of 128
ring 343
stress test 99, 469
Conventional contraceptive methods 522
Convulsion 229, 283, 474
causes of 221
Cooley anemia 257
Coombs’ test 322
direct 326
Cooper's ligaments 13
Copper devices 499, 502
Copper T-380A 497
Cord 133, 308
abnormal attachment of 233
abnormalities of 190, 206, 208
accident 310
bleeding, management of 453
clamp 131, 618
compression 205, 570
delayed clamping of 547
examination of 271
length 432
ligature of 131
long 208
loop of 130, 372
permanent lengthening of 125
presentation 375, 376
prolapse of 354
velamentous insertion of 207f
Cord blood
bilirubin 326
collection of 326
samples 607
transplantation 589
Cord prolapse 195, 203, 204, 234, 328, 347, 375, 375f, 376
chance of 369
management of 376fc
Cord traction 133, 134f
controlled 132, 137
Cordocentesis 102, 104t, 105, 324, 465, 601
Cornea, cloudy 286
Cornual pregnancy 179, 180f
Corona radiata 18, 19
cells 20f
Coronal sutures 76
Coronary artery disease 268
Coronary heart disease 437
Corpora cavernosa 2
Corpus luteum 55
formation of 17f
functions of 55
maintenance of 55, 56
Corpus spongiosum 3
Correct anemia 253, 327
Cortex 8, 212
Cortical necrosis, acute 578
Corticosteroids 151, 152, 212, 229, 279, 280, 302, 478, 568, 576
administration of 218
binding globulin 59
therapy 303, 303b
use of 306
Corticotropin-releasing hormone 58
Costochondral junction 311
Cotyledons 27, 28, 37
Couvelaire uterus 239, 240, 240f, 402
COVID-19 infection 291
Cow milk 427
composition of 427t
humanization of 427
Cranial abnormalities 601
Cranial ultrasonography 443, 457
Cranial vault, absence of 384
Craniopagus 190
Craniosynostosis 420
Craniotomy 550
C-reactive protein 159, 265
Creatinine 409
Crichton 124
Cricoid pressure 485
Crohn's disease 254, 423
Crowning 120, 129, 129f
Crown-rump length 38, 106, 624f
Cruciate incision 463
Crystalloids 575
Cubical cell 7
Culdocentesis 174
Cusco's bivalve self-retaining vaginal speculum 610
Cushing's syndrome 47
Cu-T 200 500
Cu-T 380A 500
Cu-T inside uterine cavity 503f
Cyanosis 263, 420
peripheral 420
Cyclizine 151, 152
Cyclophosphamide 189
Cycloserine 281
Cystic degeneration 66
Cystic fibrosis 102, 105, 166
Cystic ovarian tumor 66
Cystitis 407
acute 285
pyelonephritis, severe 285
Cystocele 298
Cytochemical origin 56
Cytokines 23, 154, 210, 588
storm 409
Cytology, abnormal 295
Cytomegalovirus 519
infection 287
Cytotoxic agents 477
Cytotrophoblast 22, 31
Cytotrophoblastic epithelium 183
Cytotrophoblastic shell 28
D
D antigen 318
Darunavir 289
Das dilator 612
D-dimer 415, 607
assays 414
Dead fetus syndrome 196
Death 508
causes of 95, 404, 549
Decapitation 551
Deceleration 568, 571
types of 568f
Decidua 22, 407, 408
basalis 23, 26, 27, 28
capsularis 23, 26
myometrial junction 212
sign, double 599
spongiosum 27
stratum compactum of 21, 22f
structure of 23f
vera 23
Decidual cast 158f, 171
Decidual cells 22
Decidual reaction 22, 46
Decidual septa 28, 37
Decidual septum 27
Deep transverse arrest 349, 353
Deep vein thrombosis 413, 414, 414f, 475, 549
Defibrination syndrome 580
Deflexion 349, 352
causes of 347
Dehydration 150, 152, 205, 381, 431
correction of 344, 345, 380, 382, 570
severe 578
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate 59, 109
Delayed cord clamping 290, 432
Deliver face 371
Delivery 108, 201, 229, 245, 256, 257, 278, 296, 312, 324, 449, 489
complications of 407
conduction of 126, 129
expected date of 67, 310
formulate method of 318
institutional 126, 555
methods of 219, 313, 316, 325, 333
mode of 201, 273, 351, 439, 627
number of 87
place of 126, 198
plan of 324
preparations for 129
spontaneous 339, 364, 368
timing of 273, 437
traumatic 420
Dengue 288
Dental care 91
Deoxygenated blood 41
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate 505
Depression 53, 151, 413, 508
Dermatan sulfate 113
Dermoid cysts 292
Detrusor muscles 12
Dexamethasone 430
Dextrose saline drip 552
Dextrostix 608
Diabetes 86, 95, 155, 202, 268, 300, 310, 383, 408, 410
complications of 268, 272
effects of 268
inheritance of 270
maternal 446
stabilization of 271
Diabetes mellitus 96, 154, 265, 328, 487, 587
classification of 270
symptoms of 267
type 1 265, 274, 423
type 2 423
Diabetic ketoacidosis 271
Diabetic nephropathy 268
Diabetic retinopathy 268
Dialysis
indications of 580t
place of 580
Diamniotic placenta 194f
Diaper rash 420
Diaphragm 519, 519f, 520t
Diaphragmatic hernia, congenital 464
Diarrhea 250, 285
occasional 254
Diastolic notch 216
Diazepam 476, 481
Diazoxide group 218
Dichorionic diamniotic twin gestations 193f
Dichorionic placenta 193f, 194
membranes of 193f
Dichorionic twins 193, 197
Dicloxacillin 413
Diet 90, 128, 144, 197
Dietary components 91
Dietetic deficiency 150
Diffuse intravascular coagulation, treatment of 577
Digestive system 40
Digital innovations 558
Digits, fusion of 421
Dilatation, arrest of 379
Dinoprostone 167, 168, 472, 472f
Dipsticks 606
Direct amplification tests 280
Disastrous consequences 382
Discoid 34
Discordant growth 195
Disproportion 336
Disseminated intravascular coagulation 580
Distress 380
evacuation of 566
Diuresis, late 579
Diuretics 93, 218, 225, 473
therapy 576
Dizygotic twins 190, 191, 195
risk factors for 192
Döderlein's bacilli 4, 407
Dolichocephalic head 368
Dolutegravir 289
Domperidone 152
Dopamine antagonist 144
Doppler 602
cerebroplacental ratio 436
echocardiography 49
fetal monitor 620
frequency shift 598
velocimetry 44, 308, 436
Doppler flow
velocimetry 101
velocity waveforms 324
Doppler ultrasound 216, 323, 415, 457
parameters 437
Double phototherapy 452
Double volume exchange 452
Down's syndrome 56, 105, 106, 166, 420, 421, 463, 463f
Doxycycline 168
Doxylamine 152
Doyen's retractor 403f, 545, 546, 613
Dressing 528
Drip, regulation of 468
Dropping down theory 230
Drospirenone 504
Drug 155, 620
antiemetic 149, 152
antiepileptic 277t
cytotoxic 477, 478
interaction 507, 513
pharmacokinetic of 513
maternal 591
placental transfer of 479
therapy 105
Dsystocia 550
Duchenne-Erb's palsy 458
Ductus arteriosus 41
Ductus venosus 40, 99, 598
Doppler study 436, 603
waveform 436f
Duhrssen's incision 365, 367
Duodenal atresia 202, 463, 465
Duodenum 51
Dysfunction, renal causes of 579t
Dysfunctional labor 308
management of 346fc
Dyskaryotic smears 295
Dysmaturity 169, 255
Dyspareunia 529, 561
Dyspnea 185, 194
Dysrhythmias 262
Dystocia 108, 296, 339, 378, 383, 385, 543
dystrophia syndrome 334
preventive measures of 345
Dysuria 285
E
Ear lobe 420
Early ambulation 144
Eccentric insertion 37
Echocardiography 446
Eclampsia 93, 141, 209, 212f, 215, 221, 226, 228, 229, 266, 562, 578, 583, 589
complications of 229
diagnosis of 222
management of 229
maternal complications of 223t
medical management of 223b
obstetric management of 226fc
prevention of 222
Eclamptic convulsion 222f
Ectoderm 21, 24, 25
Ectodermal layer, dorsal 23
Ectopic pregnancy 153, 155, 169–171, 174, 178, 181, 525, 600
acute 172, 173
clinical features of 172
diagnosis of 173
subacute 174
management of 174
persistent 177
risk factors of 171b
subsequent 177
suspected 599
trophoblasts of 171
Ectopy, asymptomatic 147
Edema 183, 210, 211, 213, 214, 298
causes of 88
matter 221
Efavirenz 289, 478
Egg-shell crackling feel 311
Ehler-Danlos syndrome 396
Eisenmenger's syndrome 263, 264
Elderly primigravida 327, 398
Elective cesarean delivery 290, 374, 382
Elective cesarean section 309, 338, 339, 360, 371, 374
place of 296
Elective operation, risk of 544
Elective repeat cesarean section, risk of 316
Electric vacuum aspiration 526
Electroconvulsive therapy 418
Electrolyte 409, 576, 608t
balance 213, 432
imbalance 149, 447
Electronic fetal monitoring 309, 375, 493f
continuous 128, 566
Embolism 234, 389
Embryo 21, 25, 156, 188
trace of 182
transfer 63
single 302
Embryonic cardiac activity 625f
Embryonic disk 36
Embryonic period 38
Embryonic stem cells 21
Embryonic tissues 596
Embryopathy 273
Emergency 512
cerclage 303
obstetric care 94, 558, 559
Emergency contraception 511, 512, 512t, 513, 522
indications of 511
Encephalitis 282
Encephalocele 384, 385f
Encerclage operation, principles of 164f
End-diastolic velocity 436
Endocarditis 282
Endocervical swabs 409
Endocervix 6
Endocrinal disorders 463
Endocrine 154, 161
control 59
disorders 155, 328, 450
dysfunction 163
function 32
glands 58, 60f
organ 55
system 53
Endocytosis 33
Endoderm 21, 25
Endodermal cells 24
Endodermal layer 25
Endogenous tissue 150
Endometrial cells 20
Endometrial glands 5
Endometrial inflammatory response 499
Endometrial receptivity 21
Endometrial regeneration 148
Endometritis 411
Endometrium 5, 21, 44, 140, 401, 508
Endomyometritis 408, 549
Endoplasmic reticulum 210
Endosalpingitis 408
Endothelial cell dysfunction 211
Endothelial dysfunction 210, 211, 228, 229
Endothelial growth factor, vascular 210
Endothelial injury 581
Endothelium derived factor 50
Endotoxemia 583
Endotoxic shock 158, 159, 275, 409, 573–576, 578
pathophysiology of 573
End-stage disease 268
Energy 91
Enterobacter 284
Enterohepatic circulation 450
Enzymatic function 33
Enzyme
function 96
linked immunosorbent assay 62
Epidermis 40
Epidural analgesia 263, 271, 378, 482, 483f, 486
complications of 483
contraindications of 483
Epidural anesthesia 225, 256, 263, 264, 271, 279, 362, 388
Epidural blood patch 484
Epidural morphine 264
Epigastric artery, inferior 15
Epigastric pain 150, 214, 250, 293
Epigastric vessels, deep 15
Epilepsy 277
effects of 277
Epinephrine 444
Episiotomy 11, 303, 358, 362, 387, 527, 533, 552, 611
complications of 529
deep mediolateral 536
indications of 527b
policy 137
repair of 529f
scissors 616f
suture materials for 361
timing of 527
types of 529f
wound, care of 145
Epithelialization 400
Epithelium 45
Epoxides 477
Epulis gravidarum 46
Erb's palsy 359, 421, 458f
Erectile tissue 2
Ergometrine 352, 470
place of 471t
uses of 470
Ergonovine 470
Ergot derivatives 470, 471
Ergot preparations diuretics 413
Erythema toxicum 420
Erythrocyte
destruction 213
sedimentation rate 49
Erythromycin 460
Erythropoiesis 247
Erythropoietic cells 247
Erythropoietin 247
Escherichia coli 407, 573
Escutcheon 2
Esophageal atresia 202, 463
Esophageal tear 151
Esophagus 92
Estradiol 55
Estriol 57
low 57
Estrogen 46, 50, 58, 57, 92, 108, 113, 143, 488, 507
effect 53
low levels of 148
production 57
Ethambutol 281
Etonogestrel 510
Etoposide 189
Euploid
abortions 153
cells 106
Eutocia 108
Evisceration 552
Excessive bilirubin production, causes of 449
Excessive heat loss, consequences of 421
Exchange transfusion 326, 452
complications of 452
indications of 452b
Exercise 146
contraindications of 93b
Exocytosis 33
Exomphalos 36, 463, 464
Extension 120
Extensive tongue bite injury 222f
External cephalic version 199, 359, 374, 540, 601
steps of 541f
Extra-amniotic saline infusion 492, 493f
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 262
Extraembryonic coelom 24
cavity, enlargement of 24f
Extraperitoneal cesarean section 550
Extrapulmonary sequestration 465f
Extravillous trophoblast 29
Extreme extension, causes of 367
Extremities 421, 601
Eye 422
ball 604
Eyelids 369
F
Face 46, 76
presentation 367, 367b, 370f
Facial anomalies 479
Facial clefts 202
Facial flushing 288
Facial nerve injury 420
Facial palsy 458f
Facial rash 287
Facial structure 368
Factor V Leiden mutation 155, 161, 328
Faecalibacterium 53
Fallopian tube 6, 7f, 17, 19, 46
segment of 516f
Fallot's tetralogy 263
False knots 36, 208
Falx cerebri 351
Family planning 496
guidance 147
purposes 515
services 560
Fascia 10f
transversalis 14, 15
Fat 423
globules 427
metabolism 51
oxidation of 150
storage 50
Fatigue 61
Fatty acids 33
Fatty liver, acute 293, 578
Fatty tissue, extraperitoneal 14
Faulty pelvic architecture 353
Febrile illness, acute 288
Fecal incontinence 540
Feed, duration of 424
Feeding 448
artificial 423
difficulties 426
formula 427
frequency of 424
types of 423
Female pelvis 331, 339
midsagittal section of 4f
variations of 331
Female sterilization 515, 518, 518t
methods of 515, 517
Femidom 519
Femur length 65f, 436, 626f
Fentanyl 481
Ferguson reflex 124, 491
Ferric carboxy maltose 252
Ferric iron 250
Ferritin 39
Ferroprotein 247
Ferrous
fumarate 251
gluconate 251
sucrose 252
sulfate 91, 251
Fersolate 91
Fertility
awareness method 520, 520t, 522
control 496
benefits of 496
preservation of 297
prospect of 181
return of 507
Fertilization 19, 21f, 61, 200
in vitro 18
Fetal abdomen
circumference 601f
enlargement of 385, 385f
Fetal abnormality 356
congenital 205
Fetal adrenals 40, 384
Fetal adrenergic activity 342
Fetal affection
classic history of 323
severity of 326
Fetal alcohol syndrome 479
Fetal anatomical ultrasound 601t
Fetal anatomy 599
Fetal anemia 105, 323, 568
assessment of 323
moderate to severe 324
Fetal aneuploidy 586
screening 106
Fetal anomalies 195, 202, 378, 386, 599
early detection of 269
Fetal ascites 385f
Fetal axis pressure 113
Fetal behavior states 567
Fetal biophysical profile 97
Fetal blood 31, 33, 39
entering, volume of 320
gas 105
sugar 202
vessels 188
Fetal bradycardia 224
causes of 566, 566t
Fetal brain 604
Fetal breathing movements 97
Fetal bulk 193
Fetal cardiac accelerations 100
Fetal cardiotocography 98
Fetal cells 102
intact 106, 107
Fetal central nervous system 40
Fetal circulation 40, 41, 41f, 439b
Fetal complications 268, 305, 306, 593b, 606
Fetal condition 570
Fetal congenital
abnormalities 36, 96, 356
cardiac disease 260
malformation 95, 206, 272, 563
Fetal cotyledon 28
Fetal death 95, 100, 172, 269, 305, 310
Fetal defence 39
mechanism 565
Fetal distress 305, 327, 338, 343, 421, 468, 541, 550, 570
evacuation of 128
Fetal echocardiography 263, 385
Fetal effect 124, 125
Fetal electrocardiogram 570
Fetal endocrinology 40
Fetal enlargement, generalized 382
Fetal erythrocytes 39, 188
Fetal factors 347, 379, 435, 442
Fetal fibronectin
presence of 304, 488
testing 301
Fetal gender 57
Fetal genotype, noninvasive 319
Fetal gestational age 86, 591
Fetal growth 95, 171, 601
classification 429, 429t
dynamics 429
monitoring 437
normal 38
restriction 234, 294, 434, 438fc, 439, 487, 593
etiology of 439
predictive factors for 435
velocity 67
Fetal hazards 338
prevention of 359
Fetal head 336, 532
descent of 338
parts of 120
progressive descent of 136
Fetal heart rate 128, 306, 342
categorization of 567t
normal 565
Fetal heart sound 64, 73f, 193, 232, 311, 569
absence of 183
Fetal hemodynamics 31t
Fetal hemoglobin 39, 255
Fetal hydantoin syndrome 478
Fetal hydration 206
Fetal hyperglycemia 269
Fetal hyperthyroidism 273
Fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis 108
Fetal hypoxia 96, 154, 447
effects of 96
progressive 439b
Fetal infection 105, 202
risk of 287
Fetal inflammatory response syndrome 301
Fetal loss 287
causes of 154
marked increase of 374
Fetal lung
maturation 300
maturity 100, 243
Fetal macrophages 32
Fetal macrosomia 266, 268
risk factors for 382
Fetal malformation 255, 329
congenital 202, 370
Fetal maturation 295
Fetal maturity
assessment of 99, 307fc
tests 100t
Fetal membranes 22, 23, 26, 34
Fetal monitoring 198, 271, 291
methods of 565
Fetal morbidity 233
Fetal mortality, high 205
Fetal movement
active 63, 64
count 65, 97, 100, 311
loss of 97
maternal perception of 97
Fetal muscle tone 97
Fetal nutrition, stages of 39
Fetal organ anatomy 64
Fetal pancreas secretes insulin 40
Fetal parameters 602
Fetal parts 64, 183, 193, 203, 242
palpation of 65, 67, 90
Fetal period 38
Fetal physiology 39
Fetal pole 372, 599
Fetal presentation 601
Fetal prognosis 240, 369, 404
Fetal pulmonary
hypoplasia 305
maturity 101
tests for 99
Fetal pulse oximetry 570
Fetal red cells 322
detection of 607
Fetal respiration 441
Fetal salvage 237
Fetal scalp 532
blood sampling 569
stimulation 569
Fetal skin 311
Fetal skull 76, 76f, 77f, 384f, 532
Fetal sleep 568
Fetal status 361
Fetal stem cells 596
Fetal stimulation, induced 569
Fetal structures 599
Fetal surface 27, 622
features on 622
Fetal surveillance 197, 310, 326
Fetal syndrome 213
Fetal tachycardia, causes of 566, 566t
Fetal therapy 59, 60, 105, 106, 601, 603
direct 465
Fetal tissues 597
Fetal transfusion 465
Fetal trisomy 21 103
Fetal venous Doppler 598
Fetal viability 64
Fetal weight 602
estimation 67, 434
Fetal wellbeing 128, 218, 227, 437, 541, 586, 587
antenatal assessment of 95, 324
assessment of 308, 312, 601
clinical evaluation of 95
Fetomaternal bleed 321
Fetomaternal hemorrhage 105, 319
causes of 322f
Fetoplacental blood volume 39
Fetoplacental circulation 30
Fetoplacental contribution 108
Fetoplacental factors 562
Fetotoxic agents 477
Fetus 38, 108, 188, 192, 321, 404
acardiacus 192
attitude of 70
back of 353
birth injury of 455
Buddha’ position of 321
compressus 192f, 195
congenital anomalies of 378
degree of affection of 329
delivery of 115
descent of 124
development of 38
disease of 441
effects on 151, 382
female 200
growth of 38
hemolytic disease of 320
intrauterine death of 195, 487
in-utero 69
length of 38
maturity of 308, 481
papyraceous 192f, 195
parts of 70
presentation of 70, 192
selective termination of 201
size of 67
viability of 193, 375
Fever 285, 288
high 283
Fibrin degradation products 607
level of 583
Fibrinogen 49, 213
concentrate 584
estimation of 312, 607
level 141
Fibrinolysis 583
Fibrinolytic activity 49
Fibrinolytic agents 415
Fibrinolytic inhibitors 584, 585
Fibroid 66, 154, 184, 296, 299
Fibronectin 301
Filshie clip 517f
Fimbrial expression 177
Finger tips 72
First trimester abortion 160
medical methods of 167
spontaneous 319
surgical methods of 167
First trimester screening 103, 107, 586
First trimester ultrasonography 599
indications of 599b
Fits 225
onset of 221
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome 282
Flat sacrum predisposes 406
Flexion 119, 349
point 537
Floppiness 421
Flow velocity waveform 599
Fluid 272, 410, 547
accumulate 45
administration 576
balance 224, 432
electrolyte balance 382
loss 141
Fluorescence
in situ hybridization 105
polarization test 100
Fluoxetine 425
Foam stability index 99
FOGSI gestosis score 218t
Folate deficiency 253
Foley's catheter 299, 318, 489, 493f, 495, 552, 610
Folic acid 39, 91, 242, 247, 254, 327, 587
deficiency 241, 246, 327, 477
causes of 254
supplementation 384
Follicle 19
Follicular fluid, amount of 19
Follicular maturation 55
Fontanel 76
posterior 77
Food
amount of 424
volume 433
Footling presentation 355
Foramen ovale, closure of 42
Force’ theory, couple of 120
Forced expiratory volume 279
Forceps 530
application of 354, 402
axis traction devices 616f
extraction 353
functions of 530b
over ventouse, advantages of 538
rotation 353
sponge-holding 400, 613
traction 535
trial 536
Forceps blades 533f
application of 531
Forceps delivery 144, 199, 363, 398, 405
trial of 536b
Forceps operation 535
choice of 531
complications of 537, 537t
types of 532f
Formanine glutamic acid 254
Fossa navicularis 2
Fracture 358, 456, 458
Fragilis 158, 414
Frank breech 355, 362
extraction 365
Free fatty acids 50
Free oxygen radical excess 268
Fresh frozen plasma 212, 584
Friedman's work 379
Fronto-occipital circumference 421
Fruitful coitus, date of 67
Frusemide 473
Fulminant pre-eclampsia, acute 220, 229
Functional iron deficiency 258
Functional residual capacity 52f, 608
Fundal dominance 343
Fundal grip 71, 372
Fundal height 64, 65
Fundal placement 501
Fundal pressure 132, 134f, 137, 383f, 396
Fundus 501
uteri, level of 64f
G
Galactogogues 144
Galactokinesis 59, 143
Galactokinetic hormone 143
Galactopoiesis 59, 143
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase 450
Galactosemia 422, 450
Gallbladder 52
Gametes
contact of 19
fusion of 19
Gametogenesis 16, 16fc
Gammaglobulin 182
Gastrectomy 254
Gastric acid suppression 292
Gastric contents, aspiration of 485, 549
Gastric decompression 444
Gastric irritation 250
Gastric motility 150
Gastric suction 160
Gastric washings 280
Gastritis 248, 254
Gastroenteritis 284, 407
Gastroenterocolitis 147
Gastrointestinal disorders 252
Gastrointestinal system 203
Gastrointestinal tract 40, 52, 141, 509
injury 549
Gastroschisis 602
Gastrulation 24
Gelatin sponge 392
Gene disorders, single 102, 107
General anesthesia 366, 388, 390, 402, 405, 484, 484t, 486, 568
complications of 485, 486
Genetic 307
abnormalities 102, 204, 593
amniocentesis 105
counseling 102, 463, 562
damage 462
diagnosis, preimplantation 163
disorders, diagnosis of 104
expression 319
factors 153
locus 319
syndromes 206
Genital anomalies 208
Genital herpes simplex virus infection 288
Genital organs 43, 122f, 139
internal 3
Genital prolapse 298
management for 299
Genital sepsis 381, 409
Genital tract 351, 380, 381, 407
infection 163, 300
injury 386
lower 372
nerve supply of 479
Genitalia 421
external 3
internal 3
Genitourinary fistula 381
Genitourinary tract infection 141
Genotypes 318, 319, 323
Gentamicin 160, 417, 460
Germ cell
layers 25
maturation 7
tumor 296
Germ disk
endodermal layer of 24
side of 23
Gestation
period of 87, 96, 179, 488
sac 177f
confirms pregnancy 599
Gestational age 38, 61, 63t, 64, 67, 87t, 479f, 599, 601
advances 99
assessment of 420t, 428, 601
chart 96f
correction of 602t
estimation of 67
small for 429
Gestational diabetes mellitus 89, 265, 266t, 267, 272, 327, 329, 593
complications of 267t
risk factors for 266
screening for 272
screening strategy for 266
treatment of 266, 272
Gestational hypertension 209, 218, 220, 229, 593
management of 217
pathology for 229
Gestational hyperthyroidism 273
Gestational proteinuria 220
Gestational sac 156, 599, 624f
Gestational thrombocytopenia 49, 257, 258
Gestational thyrotoxicosis 59
Gestational trophoblastic
disease 182
neoplasia 182, 189, 506
persistent 188
Giant vulsellum 618
Glabellar reflex 421
Glands
group of 12
suprarenal 359
Glisson's capsule 212
Globin fraction 255
Glomerular endotheliosis 212
Glomerular filtration rate 52, 141
Glossitis 254
Glucocorticoids 143
antenatal administration of 441
Glucokinase gene 265
Glucose 33, 606f
concentration of 608
supply of 50
tolerance test 265, 266, 608
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
deficiency 477
screening 451
Glucuronyl transferase, congenital deficiency of 450
Glutamic acid 256
Gluteal arteries, superior 13
Glycemic control, procedure of 271
Glycerine 299
Glycosuria 265
Glycosylated hemoglobin A, estimation of 269
Goiter, congenital 368
Gold standard method 511
Gonorrhea 282, 285
Goodell's sign 45, 62
Graafian follicle 8, 19, 55
maturation of 55
mature 17f
Gradual retrogression 311
Graft rejection, acute 228
Gram-negative septicemia 578
Gram-positive organisms 159
Grand multipara 87, 327, 386, 468
Grandmother theory 319
Granulocyte transfusion 255
Granulosa cells 55
Grasp reflex 421
Graves’ disease 273
Gravid uterus 93
torsion of 295
Gravida 86
Green-Armytage hemostatic forceps 617
Growth 429
hormone 58, 143
profile 602
restricted babies 285
restriction 269, 310, 479
Gums 52, 88
Gut microbiome 53
Gynecological disorders 294
Gynecological problems 147
H
H1-N1 infection 286
Hadlock's formula 67, 601
Hairs, colorless 39
Half-hand method 354, 354f
Hansen disease 282
Hart's rule 119
Hashimoto thyroiditis 274
Haultain's operation 397
Head 125, 358, 420
assisted delivery of 130f
attitude of 356, 370
brim relation 117
circumference 65f, 435
measurement of 601f
crowning of 120, 129, 129f
deflexion of 353
delivery of 120, 129, 130, 368, 545
engaging diameter of 368
internal rotation of 349
progressive descent of 124
rotation of 530
slow delivery of 130
station of 127
Headache 214, 288, 293, 507
causes of 293b
postdural 483, 484
Health sector actions 559
Heart 89, 150, 420, 574
block 568
failure 225, 249, 431
transplantation 262
Heart disease 259, 259t
congenital 263, 446
diagnosis of 49, 259b
specific 262
Heart lesion 259
congenital 264
effects of 259
organic 327
Heart rate 49, 443, 577
maternal 128
Heartburn 92
Heat and acetic acid test 606t
Heat loss, mechanism of 421
Hegar's dilator 612
Hegar's dilators 612
Hegar's sign 62
Helicobacter pylori 248, 292
Hellin's rules 191
HELLP syndrome 209, 212, 215, 229, 293, 578, 583
hallmark of 213
Hematinics, supplementary 236
Hematocrit 150, 246
Hematologic malignancy 247
Hematological disorders 246, 587
Hematological indices 248
Hematology 591
Hematoma 358, 401
infralevator 400, 401f
larger 401
retroplacental 116, 239
subdural 457
Hematometra 66, 525
Hematuria 285
Hemodialysis 580
Hemodilution 258
effects of 247
state of 48
Hemodynamic resuscitation, goal of 576
Hemoglobin 48, 51, 63, 89, 147, 247, 250, 257, 296
Bart 257
concentration 246, 247
electrophoresis 451
H disease 257
level 254
normal adult 255
oxidizes 420
solutions, artificial 585
types of 39
Hemoglobinopathies 246, 255, 597
Hemolysis 283
Hemolytic anemia 451, 453, 454
drug-induced 255
Hemolytic crisis 256
Hemolytic disease 320, 449, 452
Hemolytic uremic syndrome 578
Hemorrhage 93, 105, 153, 180, 181f, 184, 185, 244, 245, 255, 303, 358, 380, 389, 396, 456, 549, 559, 587, 593
accidental 203, 205, 239, 404
acute 578
amount of internal 171
causes of 184
cerebral 215, 222, 431
clinical manifestations of 240
concealed accidental 71
control of 575
decidual 239
epidural 456
excessive 525
internal 401
intracranial 382, 448, 456
intracystic 297
intrapartum 234
intraperitoneal 172, 178
intraventricular 442, 448
massive 234, 578
intraperitoneal 172
mild 242
minute 358
moderate 242
periventricular 442
primary postpartum 386
recurrent marginal 206
secondary 393
postpartum 393, 549
severe 242
subarachnoid 456
subdural 456
subperitoneal petechial 240
third-stage 386, 389fc
transplacental 322
traumatic 387
Hemorrhagic anemia 453
Hemorrhagic disorders 561
Hemorrhagic patches 254
Hemorrhagic shock 244, 574, 575
basic management of 575
classification of 575t
Hemorrhoids 92, 254
Hemostasis 388
Hemostatic forceps, long straight 611
Hemostatic pressure, direct 392
Heparin 217, 264, 415, 476, 584, 585
contraindications of 476
therapy 261, 262
contraindications of 416
Hepatic abnormality 213
Hepatic dysfunction 150
Hepatic sinusoids 240
Hepatitis 275, 310
A 93, 276, 277
B 93, 275
core antigen 276
infection 276t
B virus 89, 276, 519
management of 277
C 275, 276
D 275, 276
E 275, 276
fulminant 276
G 275, 276
viral 275
Hepatocellular adenomas 508
Hepatocellular injury 221
Hepatorenal syndrome 276
Hepcidin 247
Hernia, diaphragmatic 421, 463
Herpes simplex 460
labialis 287
virus 287
Hesselback triangle 15
Heterotopic pregnancy 181
Hiatus hernia 92
Hiatus rectalis 9
Hiatus urogenitalis 9
High-density lipoprotein 508
Hilus cells 8
Hind milk 424
calorie-rich 424
Hingorani sign 297
Hirschsprung disease 464
Hissing murmur, continuous 49
Histocompatibility complex 588
Hofbauer cells 29, 32
Homeobox genes 477
Homogeneous eosinophilic membrane 446
Hookworms 284
infestation 248
Horiodecidual space 28
Hormonal contraception 513
Hormonal control 479
Hormonal ectopy 294
Hormonal influences 59
Hormonal stimulation, high 46
Hormone 33, 213, 471, 511, 513
action of 113
pituitary-like 56
replacement therapy 503
Hour-glass contraction 343, 389, 394
Human albumin solutions 575
Human blastocyst 22
Human breast milk 148
Human chorionic
gonadotropin 56, 506
somatomammotropin 56
Human hemochorial placenta 27
Human immunodeficiency virus 89, 288, 506
infection, stages of 289
perinatal transmission of 288
Human infection 287
Human leukocyte antigens 588
Human milk, composition of 427t
Human placenta 26, 34, 37
lactogen 56, 60
Hyaline membrane
atelectasis 447f
disease 445
Hyaluronic acid 113, 488
Hydatidiform mole 63, 71, 151, 182, 183f, 184f, 185, 185f, 189, 192, 401, 602, 623f
histological section of 184f
management of 186fc
pathology of 182
Hydralazine 217, 221, 227, 262, 474, 475
Hydramnios 194, 202, 372, 375, 411
complications of 203
management of 204
Hydramniotic sac 194
Hydration 303
Hydrocele 463
Hydrocephalus 75, 383, 384f, 402, 551
Hydrochloric acid 150
loss of 149
Hydrocortisone 152, 279
Hydrops fetalis 202, 204, 320, 321, 321f, 602
Hydrostatic balloon catheter, types of 392
Hydrostatic method 397
Hydroxychloroquine 280
Hygroscopic osmotic dilators 168
Hymen 2
Hyperalimentation, maternal 437
Hyperaminoacidemia 144
Hyperandrogenemia 161
Hyperbilirubinemia 270, 432, 450, 451
management of 450
neurotoxicity risk factors 451f
Hyperchromatic nuclei 172
Hypercoagulable state 54
Hypercontractility 344
Hyperemesis 414
gravidarum 149, 152
progress chart 152
Hyperglycemia 265, 268
maternal 268, 272
Hyperhomocysteinemia 241, 328
Hyperinsulinemia 51, 161, 265, 269
Hypermagnesemia, life-threatening 621
Hyperosmolar glucose 181
Hyperoxygenation, maternal 437
Hyperplacentosis 231
Hyperplasia 43, 45, 58, 111, 294, 429
Hyperplastic cells 182
Hyperprolactinemia 148, 161
Hyperpyrexia 223, 225, 310
Hyperresponsiveness 278
Hypertension 86, 93, 95, 144, 145, 183, 209, 210, 224, 228, 240, 293, 300, 410, 508, 559, 587
chronic 95, 209, 226, 434f
classification of 209t
essential 226, 227t
long-term treatment of 475
management of severe 217t
severe 229, 303
treatment of severe 475
Hypertensive disorders 205, 206, 209, 226, 310, 543, 561, 587
Hyperthyroidism 154, 273
causes of 273
clinical diagnosis of 273
Hypertonia 421, 468
Hypertonic contractions 342f
Hypertrophy 43, 45, 111, 429
cervix 299f
Hyperuricemia 293
Hyperventilation, state of 51
Hypervolemia 47, 194
Hypocalcemia 270
Hypochromic anemia
causes of 249
microcytic 249f
Hypogastric artery, dissection of 393f
Hypoglycemia 269, 283, 293, 308, 431
causes of neonatal 466
fasting 51
Hypokalemia 150
Hypomagnesemia 270
Hypomenorrhea 154, 508
Hyponatremia 150
Hypoplastic anemia 453
Hypoproteinemia 88, 321
Hypoprothrombinemia 151
Hyporeflexia 151
Hypospadias 463
Hypotension 96, 468, 489
postural 50
Hypothalamopituitary axis 508
Hypothermia 430, 432
consequences of 421
Hypothyroidism 154, 161, 274
maternal 218
Hypotonia 421, 463
Hypotonic uterine dysfunction 341
Hypovolemia 244
correction of 447
shock 401, 572, 574
Hypoxemia 101
Hypoxia 97, 269, 565, 568
chronic 210
persistent 571
Hysterectomy 186, 237, 392, 394, 405, 410, 627f
quick subtotal 405
Hysterography 315
Hysteroscopy 503
Hysterotomy 169, 315, 316, 402, 468, 526
scar 314, 315, 315t, 402
rupture 404
I
Iatrogenic rupture 404
Ibuprofen 144, 426
Icterus gravis neonatorum 320, 321
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 258
Ileus pelvic abscess 408
Iliac artery
anterior division of internal 392
ligation of internal 393f
Iliac fossa 291
Iliac lymph nodes
external 12
internal 12
Iliac vein 50
external 7
internal 6
Iliofemoral veins 414
Iliohypogastric nerves 15
Ilioinguinal nerves 15
Iliopectineal line 79f, 335
Iliopubic eminence 79f
Ilium 85
Immune
cells 588
factors 154, 161
globulin, intravenous 452
response 320
system 48
thrombocytopenic purpura 258
tolerance 589
Immunization 89, 145, 319
Immunoglobulin
A 142
G
level of 45
maternal 39
Immunological diseases 63
Immunological disorders 154, 155
Immunological factor, maternal 21
Immunological function 32, 33
Immunological test 58, 62, 66
Immunomodulation 588
Immunomodulatory role 163
Immunoprophylaxis 360
Immunosuppressive agents 212
Immunosuppressive drugs 280
Immunosuppressive effect 33
Immunosuppressive factors 589
Immunotherapy 164
Impaired glucose tolerance, diagnosis of 267t
Imperfect retraction 234
Imperforate anus 463
Implantation 21
In vitro fertilization 63
Incarceration
causes of 298
chance of 298
Incision, extension of 529, 546
Inclination, angle of 80
Indomethacin 204, 279, 475
Induction
methods of 495
place of 261
Infant feeding 147, 422
Infection 95, 144, 154, 155, 161, 172, 248, 254, 256, 267, 268, 288, 297, 301, 310, 382, 389, 431, 432, 540, 559, 563, 568
active 281
acute 284
anemia of 246
congenital 439
consequences of 287
control 411
disseminated 282
intercurrent 249, 257
local 181, 408, 409
maternal 276, 310
mode of 158, 408, 412, 458
multiple opportunistic 289
primary 288
sites of 408
severe 578
sites of 459
sources of 408
spread of 159, 408, 409
viral 105, 286
Infectious diseases 94
Infertility 86, 154, 525
Inflammatory cytokines 239
Influenza 286, 310
vaccine 93, 428
Infundibulopelvic ligament 6, 46
Infundibulum 7, 171
Infusion, flow of 469
Inguinal hernia 463
direct 15
indirect 15
Inhalation methods 481
Inherited thrombophilias 154, 161, 164, 328, 414
Injury 369, 389, 455, 457, 525, 537
Inlet contraction 338
Innate immune system 588
Inner cell mass 21, 22
development of 23
Inspiratory reserve volume 52f
Insulin 143, 266
antagonism 268
deficiency 265
inhibits 265
receptors, sensitivity of 50
requirement 268, 272
resistance 265, 413
secretion 50
therapy 270
indication of 270
Insulinopenia, absolute 265
Integrated test 103
Integrins 23
Intelligence quotient, reduced 423
Intelligent anticipation 388
Intense vasospasm 212
Intensity 112
Intensive antibiotic therapy 411
Intensive care
monitoring 225
protocol 432
unit management, indications of 410
Intensive insulin therapy 577
Interconceptional period 163
Intercostal retractions 420
Interferon 423
Interglandular stromal cells 140
Interstitial cells 8
Interstitial extravillous cytotrophoblast 22
Interstitial implantation 22, 23, 26, 171
Interstitial line sign 178
Intertwin membrane 193f
Interventional radiology, place of 395
Intervillous
circulation 30f, 212
hemodynamics 30t
space 27–29, 32f, 32, 37
thrombosis 210
Intestinal obstruction 404, 549
Intestinal worms 284
Intra-abdominal pressure augments 116f
Intra-amniotic pressure, generalized 124f
Intracardiac injection 201
Intracranial calcification 287
Intracranial pressure, raised 420
Intracranial stress 380
Intrahepatic cholestasis 275
Intramuscular implantation 171
Intramuscular therapy 252
Intranatal care 557
Intranatal detection, early 380
Intranatal prophylaxis 409
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage, management of 457
Intrapartum care 136, 290
Intrapartum complications 587
Intrapartum cord prolapse, prognosis for 376
Intrapartum fetal
evaluation 565
monitoring 571
Intrapartum management 586
Intrapartum monitoring 302
Intrapartum sonography 200
Intrapartum ultrasonography 335, 336f, 339, 603, 603f
Intrapelvic adhesions 170
Intraperitoneal rupture 171
Intraperitoneal transfusion 326
Intrauterine adhesions 154
Intrauterine contraceptive device 497, 502f, 504
types of 497
Intrauterine death 195, 234, 372, 462, 487, 584
Intrauterine devices 262, 498, 499f, 505
complications of 504
nonhormonal 498
Intrauterine fetal death 71, 300, 310, 593
causes of 310b, 313
management of 313
maternal complications of 313
Intrauterine fetal transfusion 324, 326
Intrauterine gestational sac 599
Intrauterine growth restriction 95, 434, 562, 587
Intrauterine hypoxia 40
continuation of 442
risk of 99
Intrauterine infection 205, 380
Intrauterine inflammation 301
Intrauterine packing, tight 238, 392
Intrauterine pregnancy 171, 599
Intrauterine pressure 112
Intrauterine stem cell transplantation 597
Intravascular extravillous cytotrophoblast 22
Intravascular transfusion 326
Intravenous fluid 576
therapy 156, 433
Intravenous heparin 415
Intravenous immunoglobulin, high-dose 326
Intravenous infusion, controlled 468
Introitus 66, 298
Intubation 485
indications of 225
Invasive hemodynamic monitoring, indications of 591
Invasive procedures 104, 107
Iodine 91
excess 274
Iris 420
Iron 91, 247
absorbable 91
balance, negative 247
carboxymaltose 252
cord blood level of 39
deficiency 246, 258, 327
deficiency anemia 247–249, 249b, 254, 258
causes of 258
dextran 252
diminished intake of 248
hydroxide sucrose 252
isomaltose 252
loss 248
metabolism 51
poloymaltose 250
restricted erythropoiesis 258
salt 251
sucrose 252, 258
therapy 197, 250, 254
intravenous 258
supplementary 145, 250
Irradiation 462
Irving method 515
Irving procedure 516f
Isabgol tents 614
Ischemic injury 457f
Ischial spines 127f, 332, 335, 353
level of 365
Ischiopubic ramus 10
Ischiorectal fossa 10
Ischium 200
Isoniazid 281
prophylaxis 281
Isotonic drinks reduce ketosis 380
Isotretinoin 478
Isoxsuprine 165
Isthmic cervical apposition suture 238
Isthmic implantation 171
Isthmic rupture 171
Isthmus 5, 7, 45
J
J incision 545
Jacquemier's sign 43, 62
Japanese encephalitis vaccine 428
Jaundice 88, 151, 275, 283, 286, 321, 420, 431, 449
causes of 275, 275t
management of 451
Jejunum 51
Joint 421
consultation, frequent 560
ligament laxity 92
K
Kala-azar 246
Kanamycin 281
Kangaroo mother care 422
Kaposi's sarcoma 289
Karyotype 188
Kelly's long forceps 614
Kernicterus 451, 466
Ketamine 279
Ketoacidosis 150, 152, 268, 382, 407
correction of 344, 345, 380
Ketones 606f
body excess 268
Ketonuria 150
Ketostix 606
Kidney 52, 150, 212, 240, 256, 359, 574
injury, causes of acute 578, 578t
Kielland's forceps 530, 531, 536, 536f, 616f
Klebsiella pneumoniae 285
Kleihauer-Betke
acid elution test, modified 322f, 608
test 311, 322, 329
Klumpke's palsy 359, 458
Knee presentation 355
Knee-chest position 377
Kocher's forceps 130, 491f, 611
Korsakoff's psychosis 151
Kroener method 515
Kyphotic pelvis 333
L
Labetalol 217, 227, 474, 475
Labia majora 2, 3
Labia minora 2, 3, 43
Labor 55, 108, 135, 195, 203, 205, 243, 256, 257, 278, 279, 294, 296, 318, 337, 373, 419, 446, 449, 468, 480, 468, 550, 609
abnormal 108, 310, 379, 379t
acceleration of 473
active management of 132, 378, 379, 492, 493, 493t, 495
active phase of 135
anatomy of 120
arrest of 378, 379
augmentation of 318, 469, 473, 492
care guide 123, 379, 495
clinical course of 372, 373f
companion 380
presence of 136
complications of 587
course of 340, 351
crucial stage of 132
date of onset of 108
delay of 369
diagnosis of 136
disorder 379
duration of 303
early 348, 374
effects on 296, 314, 329
elective induction of 487
first stage of 35, 113, 121, 122, 127, 135, 136, 261, 351, 379
fourth stage of 135
induction of 243, 271, 310, 313, 360, 468, 473, 487, 487b, 488, 489b, 490t, 491b, 492fc, 495, 550
late 348, 374
latent phase of 123
management of 318, 351, 587
mechanism of 77, 117, 118fc, 333, 334f, 349, 349fc, 356, 357f, 368, 371, 372
medical induction of 489t
mini 155
obstructed 115, 294, 328, 378, 381, 382, 385, 407, 559
onset of 127, 135
pain 111, 262
false 111
true 110
partographic
analysis of 380f
monitoring of 493
primary dysfunctional 341, 346, 380
procedure of induction of 271
progress of 128, 352, 361, 405, 469, 495
prophylactic induction of 382
second stage of 115, 123, 124, 129, 135, 137, 261, 263, 351, 379, 398, 550
secondary arrest of 383
spontaneous onset of 271
spurious 110
stages of 111, 375, 386
stress of 480fc
third stage of 116, 125, 132, 133fc, 135, 137, 202, 261, 386, 387, 394
trial of 317, 339, 367, 371
ward 198
Labyrinthine 34
Lactation 55, 142, 509
amenorrhea 521
failure 144, 412
physiological basis of 143
physiology of 143
postpartum suppression of 313
reflex arc 143f
stimulation of 144
suppression 144
Lactic acidemia 269
Lactiferous duct 13
Lactobacillus 43, 46, 53
acidophilus 43
Lactoferrin 142, 423
Lactogenesis 59, 143
Lactoperoxidase 142, 423
Lactose concentration, high 427
Lag period 569
Lambda sign 600
Lambdoid sutures 76
Lamellar body 99
Lamina propria 5
Laminaria tent 524f, 614
Lamotrigine 278
Langer's lines 14
Langhans’ layer 22
Laparoscope, removal of 517
Laparoscopic linear salpingostomy 177f
Laparoscopic sterilization 516, 517
Laparoscopic surgery, guidelines of 292
Laparoscopic tubal sterilization 517f
Laparoscopy 174, 180, 292
Laparotomy 160, 174, 176, 179, 180, 240, 405, 410, 515
Laser photocoagulation 196
Latent syphilis 282
Lecithin 100
Leg
cramps 92, 507
edema of 88
Leiomyomas 296
Lemon sign 601
Leopold maneuvers 71, 72f
Leprosy 282
Leptin 57, 150
Leukemias 247
Leukocytes 39, 49, 413, 423
Leukocytosis 141, 291
Leukomalacia, periventricular 431
Leukopenia 254
Leukorrhea 508
Leukotriene receptor antagonist 279
Levator ani 9
muscles 9f
origin of 82
Levetiracetam 278, 425
Levonorgestrel 505, 511
intrauterine system 498, 499, 505
pill 512f
Levorotation 44
Liberal mediolateral episiotomy 370
Libido 508
Ligament hematoma 400
Ligamentum venosum 41
Light solid diet 548
Lignocaine 482
Limb
hypoplasia of 287
reduction deformity 104
Linea alba 66
Linea nigra 46, 64, 73f, 90
Linear salpingostomy 177
Lipid 33, 508
metabolism 51, 51t
abnormal 210
peroxidation 268
peroxides 210
Liquid antacids 92
Liquor amnii 34, 115, 308, 566
amount of 70
embolism 491
production of 202
Liquor volume 601
assessment of 356
Listeria monocytogenes 284
Listeriosis 162, 284
prevention of 284
Lithium 274, 417, 478
Lithotomy position 398, 400
Live births 430
Live vaccine 93
Liver 52, 89, 150, 212, 229, 240, 359, 574, 577
biopsy 293
disease of 506
enlarged 254
enzymes, elevated 226, 293
function tests 212, 275, 451, 608t
Living ligature 43, 139
Lizman obliquity 118
LNG-IUD 498, 499, 501, 503, 513
LNG-IUS insertion
device 501f
method of 500f
Lobes 27
Lobule 28
Lochia 141, 148
alba 141, 148
discharge 409
rubra 141
serosa 141, 148
Lovset's maneuver 366, 366f
Low birth weight 425, 429, 439, 562, 593
babies, two-thirds of 430
Low forceps operation 532
steps of 534f
Low-density lipoprotein 508
Lower limb 604
Lower segment scar 315, 316, 402, 403
rupture 402, 403f, 404
Lower segment transverse scar 314, 546
Lower uterine segment 111, 114, 135, 140, 230, 231
Low-molecular-weight heparin 217, 476
Lumbar epidural analgesia, continuous 482
Lumbosacral trunk 416
Lung 89, 159, 359, 409, 445, 574
capacity, total 52f, 608
cells, types of 300
disease, chronic 448
injury, causes of acute 591
maturation 446
maturity, assessment of 447
scans 415
volumes 52f
Lupus antibodies, maternal 280
Lupus anticoagulant 163
Luteal phase defect 154, 161
Luteal placental shift 55
Lymphatic system 34
Lymphomas 247, 289
Lysine, substitution of 256
Lysozyme 423
M
MacKenrodt's ligament 5, 11
Macroglossia 420
Macrophages 148, 499
Macrosomia 308, 329, 382, 383, 429
Macrosomic baby 269f
Madlener technique 515
Magnesium 621
Magnesium sulfate 219, 224, 225, 302, 439, 475, 476, 621
side effects of 621
toxicity of 621
Magnesium toxicity 224, 621
detection of 224b
management of 224b, 621
Malabsorption syndrome 254
Mala-D 505
Malaise 288
Mala-N 505
Malar eminences 368
Malar flexion 364f
Malaria 154, 246, 283, 310
congenital 283
effects of 283t
parasites 33, 409
Malformations, types of 295
Malignant disease 106
Mallory-Weiss syndrome 151
Malmstrom device 538f
Malnutrition 387
maternal 463
Malposition 347
Malpresentation 347, 468, 543
persistence of 232
Malrotation 350
Mammary gland, basic unit of 13f
Mammary murmur 49
Mammogenesis 59, 143
Manual rotation, half-hand method of 354f
Manual vacuum aspiration 526
cannula 526f
syringe 526f, 615f
Marfan's syndrome 264
Massage 388
uterus 390
Massive hypertrophy 14
Massive transfusion protocols 585
Mastalgia 507
Mastitis 407, 412, 412
acute 412
risk factors for 412
types of 412
Maternal autoimmune disease 590
Maternal circulation 29
Maternal circulatory volume expansion 437
Maternal complications 96, 201, 245, 268, 283, 306, 593b, 606
Maternal death 292, 554, 558, 564, 621
causes of 222, 415, 556f, 559, 564
clinical causes of 555
indirect 260
reduction of 235
Maternal disease 477
Maternal distress 205, 268, 327
evacuation of 129
Maternal fetal
cell trafficking 589
medicine 205
Maternal free fatty acid, elevation of 268
Maternal hypotension, correction of 570
Maternal illness, chronic 162
Maternal injuries 337, 398, 594
Maternal morbidity 233, 327, 537, 358, 561, 564
severe acute 561
Maternal mortality 177, 196, 215, 239, 259, 409, 558, 559
conferences 560
estimates 558t
rate 558
ratio 555, 558
Maternal near miss 561, 564
Maternal osmoregulation 61
Maternal serum 56
alpha fetoprotein level 103, 269
chorionic gonadotropin 194
iodine 58
levels 60
Maternal supine position 381
Maternal surface 27, 134, 622
Maternal syndrome 213
Maternal toxoplasmosis, chronic 284
Maternal vitals, period 111
Maternal weight gain 95, 435
Maternal wellbeing, assessment of 587
Maternity care, respectful 126
Mathews-Duncan method 117f
Matrix metalloproteinases 239
Mature ovum 17
development of 16
structure of 17
Maturity, suspected 317
Maturity-onset diabetes of youth 265
Mauriceau-Smellie-Veit technique, modified 364
McBurney's point 291
McDonald's operation 165
McDonald's technique 164f
McRoberts maneuver 383
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin 247
concentration 247
Measles 33, 93, 286
mumps-rubella vaccine 287
Mechanical dilators 489, 492
Mechanical distress 195
Mechanical valves 264
Mechanical ventilation 279
indications of 432, 575
Meckel's diverticulum 36
Meconium 566
aspiration 308
syndrome 40, 448
composition of 40
ileus 463, 464
Median nerve, compression of 53
Medical disorders 327, 416, 562
detection of 562
management of 562
Medical eligibility criteria 497, 512
Medical illness, maternal 154
Medical induction 488
Medical termination of pregnancy 153, 166, 515, 517
complications of 169
Medical therapy 176
Medical-gynecological disorders 543
Medication, preoperative 485
Mediolateral episiotomy 383, 528t
steps of 527f, 528
Medroxyprogesteroneacetate 478, 510
Medulla 8
Megaloblastic anemia 253–255, 258, 283
Meiotic division, first 19
Melanocyte stimulating hormone 47
Membrane 108, 113, 125, 374, 390
artificial rupture of 490, 490f
bag of 113
early rupture of 195
low rupture of 205, 243, 325, 490t, 491
prelabor rupture of 304
premature rupture of 154, 203, 304, 340, 407, 487, 601
preterm rupture of 562
prolonged rupture of 304, 407
removal of 547
rupture of 71, 127, 403
separation of 116
spontaneous rupture of 205, 304
stabilizer 224
status 124, 351
sweeping of 489
Mendelson's syndrome 485, 486, 574
Meningitis 282, 284
Meningococcal vaccine 428
Menopause 8
early 594
Menorrhagia 508
Menstrual abnormalities 507
Menstrual age 61, 599
Menstrual bleeding, abnormal 501
Menstrual loss 501
Menstrual period
first 142
last 61, 71, 87
Menstruation 19, 142
Mental health 417
Meperidine 481
Mesoderm 21, 25
Mesosalpinx, attachment of 7
Metabolic acidemia 96, 568
Metabolic acidosis 96, 144, 149, 283, 321, 381, 421, 575
Metabolic disorders 416, 450
Metabolic disturbances 144
Metabolic syndrome 215, 437
Metallic taste 250
Metanephric kidney 39
Metarteriole shunt 572
Metastatic disease 182
Metastatic infection
signs of 409
symptoms of 409
Metformin 254
Methemoglobinemia 420
Methergine 132, 390, 470, 473
place of 471f
uses of 470
Methimazole embryopathy 273
Methotrexate 167, 176, 181, 187, 189, 478
therapy, contraindications of 177
Methyldopa 474
Methylergonovine 470
Metoclopramide 151, 152, 544
Metronidazole 160, 292, 399, 417, 425, 478
Metroplasty 163
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia 212
Microbicide 520, 522
Microbiome 53
role of 53
Microchimerism 589
Microinvasive disease 295
Micromuscles, contraction of 19
Microvascular circulation, anatomy of 572
Micturition, frequency of 61, 65
Midforceps 531
operation 535
Mid-pelvic
contraction 351, 353
plane 83
Midpelvis 83
Mifepristone 167, 168, 313, 489, 621
Milia 420
Milk
ejection 143
reflex 143
expression, methods of 426
formula 427
production 144
causes of inadequate 413
secretion 143, 425
transfer 424
Minerals 90, 247, 423
Mini-lap vis-a-vis laparoscopic sterilization 517t
Minilaparotomy 516, 517
Minipill 509, 512, 513
Miscarriage 153, 156, 255, 298, 327, 329
causes of 155, 161
complete 156, 157f
etiology of 153
incomplete 157, 157f
inevitable 155f, 156
late 313
mechanism of 155
missed 157, 158f
prognosis of recurrent 165
rate 195
recurrent 160, 162, 165, 589
risk of 286
silent 156
threatened 155, 157f
types of 161t
Misoprostol 132, 157, 158, 167, 168, 313, 472, 473, 488, 489, 620, 621
administration 166f
Mitochondria 110
Mitogenic glycoprotein 210
Mitral stenosis 259, 262
Mitral valve
normal 262
prolapse 263
Mixed infection 158
M-mode 598
Molar pregnancy 155, 623f
complications of 184
suspected 599
Mole
incomplete 187
invasive 182
partial 187, 188f, 188t
Mongolian spots 420
Monilia vaginitis 294
Monilial vulvovaginitis 285
Monoamniocity 196
Monochorionic diamniotic
placentas 191f
twins gestations 196
Monochorionic twins 196, 197
complications of 196, 201
discordant growth of 195f
post-laser ablation 196
Monochorionic-monoamniotic twins, placenta of 197f
Monofilament sutures 399
Monosomy X 105, 153, 154
Monozygotic twins 190–192, 194–195, 202
pregnancy 190t
Mons pubis 2
Mons veneris 2
Montgomery's glands 13
Montgomery's tubercles 46
Moral principles 592
Morbid adherent placenta 115, 239, 388, 389, 394, 405, 549
types of 237
Morning sickness 61
Moro reflex 421
Morphine 415
Mortality following tubal sterilization 518
Morula 20
Mosquito bites 283
Mouth 46, 420
Mucocutaneous candidiasis 461
Mucopolysaccharidoses 597
Mucous coat 6, 12
Mucous membrane 7, 12, 50, 171
Mucus rhythm 520
users of 520
Mucus sucker 363, 617f
Müllerian ducts 4, 6, 7, 162
Müllerian fusion, defective 162
Multichorionic multiple pregnancy 201
Multidisciplinary team 394
Multidose methotrexate 176
Multifetal pregnancy
complications of 194t
reduction of 201
Multigravida 87
Multiload cu-375 498, 501
Multiload intrauterine contraceptive devices, insertion of 500f
Multilobed placenta 207
Multipara 87, 114, 373
Multiple birth 190, 192
Multiple gestation 192
Multiple organ failure 574
Multiple pregnancy 151, 184, 190, 201, 202, 248, 273, 359, 375, 414, 562, 587, 593, 599, 600
incidence of 191
suspected 601
Multiple toothed vulsellum 611
Multisystem abnormalities 286
Mumps 33, 93, 287
Muscle 9, 43, 140, 457
apposition 546
coat 5, 12
fibers, arrangement of 43
incision 545
layer 12
longitudinal 15
relaxants 485
superficial 399
tone 52, 421, 443
transverse 14
Muscular coat 36
Muscular contraction 580
Muscular spasm 92
Musculoskeletal system 203
Mutigravidae 543
Myalgia 285, 288
Mycoplasma 300, 418
Myocardial function, inhibition of 474
Myocardial infarction 265, 574
Myocarditis, treatment of 577
Myoepithelial cells 13, 46
Myofasciitis 410f
Myomectomy
partial 396
place of 296
Myometrial mantle 178
Myometrial oxytocin receptors 109
Myometrial segments 210
Myometrium 5, 171, 179, 401
contractile system of 109
layer of 181, 181f
Myosin 109
light chain kinase 110
N
Naegele's formula 67, 88
Naegele's pelvis 332, 333
Naked eye
appearance 182, 296
features 240
Nalbuphin 481
Naloxone 481
Narcotics 97, 477, 478, 485
antagonists 481
Narrow pelvic plane 82
Nasal bone, absence of 106
National Diabetes Data Group 266
National Digital Health Mission 563
National Health Mission 555t, 560
National Health Policy 560
National Institute of Child and Human Development 566
National Population Policy 555t
National Sociodemographic Goals 555t
Natural birth 126
Natural killer cells 33, 154, 588
Nausea 61, 92, 149, 194, 250, 468, 507
vicious cycle of 150
Navicular cells 43
Neck 12, 88, 420
masses 202
nape of 363
torsion of 120
Necrotizing enterocolitis 147, 442, 461
Necrotizing fasciitis 410, 410f
Needle puncture 241, 242
Negative sliding organ sign 179
Negele's obliquity 118
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy 295
Neonatal complications 268, 269, 306, 593b
Neonatal deaths 563
Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia 466
causes of severe 449
diagnosis of 450
Neonatal infection 283, 288
prevention of 459
Neonatal jaundice 275
causes of 449
Neonatal lupus syndrome 280
Neonatal resuscitation 444
Neonatal seizures 454t
Neonatal sepsis 305, 460t
Nephritis 300
Nephrotic syndrome 88
Nerve 359
injury 457, 537
Nervous system 53, 421
Neural tube defects 102, 107, 384
Neuraxial analgesia 482, 486
Neuraxial anesthesia 482, 482t, 483
Neuritis, peripheral 151
Neurological damage, long-term 359
Neuropathy, post-traumatic 416
Neuroprotection 303
Neuroprotector 224
Neutral protamine Hagedorn 271
Neutrophilic leukocytosis 48
Neutrophils, hypersegmentation of 253, 254
Nexplanon 510
efficacy of 511
Nicardipine 475
Niche scar 181
Nicotine 478
products 94
Nicotinic acid 91
Nidation 21
Nifedipine 217, 227, 474, 475
Nile blue sulfate staining 304
Nipple 13, 46
abnormalities 426
accessory 14
cracked 412
flat 412, 426
inflamed 412
inverted 426
long 426
retracted 412
shields 412
short 426
soreness 145
supernumerary 14
trauma 425
Nirodh 519
Nitabuch's layer 28, 32, 395
Nitabuch's membrane 23
Nitrazine test 304
Nitric oxide 50, 110, 210, 476
Nitrofurantoin 285, 425, 477, 478
Nitroglycerin 474
sodium nitroprusside 217
Nitrous oxide, premixed 481
No scalpel vasectomy 518
No touch insertion method 500
Non-ciliated columnar epithelium 5
Noncommunicable disease 562
Noncontraceptive benefits 503, 507, 510
Noncontraceptive use 509
Non-gestational trophoblastic disease 182
Non-hematopoietic stem cells 596
Nonimmune fetal hydrops 465
causes of 466
Nonimmune hydrops 310, 465f
Noninfective mastitis 412
Non-lactating breasts 13
Nonmetastatic disease 182
Nonmolar pregnancy 189
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors 289
Nonobstructive rupture 402
spontaneous 403, 404
Nonpharmacologic analgesics 481
Nonphysiologic jaundice, absolute features of 450b
Non-pneumatic antishock garment 392
Nonreassuring fetal status 570, 570b
management of 570
Nonstress test 97, 308, 359
Noradvenaline 576
Norethindrone 167
Norethisterone enanthate 505
Normal labor 108, 113, 117, 122, 340
management of 126
mechanism of 117, 135
physiology of 111
Normal puerperium 139
management of 144
No-scalpel vasectomy 514
operation, methods of 514f
Nosocomial infections 459
No-touch insertion technique 501
Nuchal displacement 366
Nuchal translucency 105f, 106, 600, 600f
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors 289
Nulligravida 87
Nullipara 87
Nulliparous cervix 66
Numerous lymphatic channels 44
Nutrients 423
transfer of 429
Nutrition 39, 432, 433, 461
Nutritional deficit 426
Nutritional supplementation 152
Nutritional support 577
Nutritional therapy, supplementary 90
Nutritive function 33
Nutritive villi 28
Nuva ring 522
Nystatin oral suspension 461
O
Obesity 329, 408, 410
childhood 147, 423
Obliterative endarteritis 282
Obsessions 417
Obsessive-compulsive disorder 417
Obstetric
cholestasis 275
complications 276, 278, 284, 359, 416
conjugate 81
day-care 594
deaths, direct 558
emergency 406
epidemiology of 558
examination 89
grips 71
indications 200
instruments 609
management 221, 225, 227, 263, 266, 270, 281, 382
morbidity 561, 564
operative 523
palpation 307
palsy 416
practical 609
sepsis 583
Obstetric forceps 530, 552
long-curved 530, 615f
pair of 361
varieties of 530
Obstetric hemorrhage 394
classification of 575t
Obstetrical perineum 11
Obstetrical transverse 81
Obstructive renal failure 580
Obstructive rupture 402
spontaneous 404
Obstructive sleep apnea 46
Occipital bone 76
Occipital lobe 221
Occipitosacral arrest 350, 353
Occiput mental plane 531
Occiput-spine angle, measurement of 603
Occult prolapse 375
Olanzapine 417
Oldham's perforator 551
Oligoamnios 205
Oligohydramnios 35, 39, 194, 196, 205, 206, 308, 311, 355, 449, 487, 587, 601
complications of 206
Oliguria 214, 215, 221, 431, 411, 576
Omega-3 fatty acids, long-chain 423
Omeprazole 478
Omphalitis 460
Omphalocele 200f, 421, 464, 602
Omphalopagus fetuses 200f
Oncogenicity 462
Ondansetron 151, 152
Onset of labor, mechanism of 490
Oocyte 19
fertilizable life span of 19
maturation of 17
primary 17
second meiotic division of 19
secondary 17
Oogenesis 16
Oophoropexy 295
Operation
destructive 385, 550, 552
time of 515, 543
Operative delivery 203, 380, 387, 527
incidence of 493
Operative vaginal delivery 147, 529, 532t, 538
benefits of 540
classification for 532t
contraindications of 539b
risk of 540
Ophthalmia neonatorum 459
Ophthalmoplegia 151
Ophthalmoscopic examination 151, 214
Opiate analgesics 279, 481, 486
Opioids 94
Oral azithromycin 282
Oral contraceptive 280, 281, 294, 505f, 505t, 512
formulations, types of 509
Oral corticosteroids 279
Oral drugs 218
Oral feeding 338, 548
Oral glucose tolerance test 51
Oral hydration 452
Oral hypoglycemic drugs 270
Oral iron therapy, side effects of 250
Oral mifepristone 167
Oral nifedipine 264
Oral pill 274, 477
combined 187
Oral therapy 250
contraindications of 252
Oral thrush 420, 461
Organ 509
damage 244
Organ dysfunction
features of 160b
pathophysiology of 211
Oropharynx 131
Ortolani and Barlow maneuvers 421
Osiander's sign 62
Osmotic fragility tests 451
Osteogenesis imperfecta 597
Osteomalacic pelvis 333
Osteonecrosis 256
Ostium secundum type 263
Otitis media 147
Outlet forceps 531
operation 535
Ovarian arteries 178
Ovarian cancer 297
Ovarian changes 183
Ovarian cycles 46
Ovarian cyst 203, 292
Ovarian fimbria 7
Ovarian fossa 8f
Ovarian function 142
Ovarian masses 297
Ovarian pregnancy 179
diagnosis of 179
Ovarian tumor 184, 296, 297f, 299
malignant 297
Ovarian veins 8
Ovary 7, 46, 508
histological structure of 8f
Overactive bladder 286
Overflow incontinence 411
Ovulation 18, 55, 21f, 142
causes of 55
inhibition of 505, 510
resumption of 176
Ovum
forceps 613
transperitoneal migration of 170
Oxybutynin immediate release 286
Oxygen 481
administration of 575
consumption 422
delivery 429
deprivation 96
inhalation 279
reserve, maternal 51
saturation 185
supply 33, 96
therapy 415
humidified 447
Oxygenation 432, 448
Oxytocics 199, 340, 344, 467, 473, 547
agents 525
selection of 473
use of 404
Oxytocin 109, 143, 143f, 148, 158, 168, 169, 243, 346, 362, 388, 390, 426, 467, 471, 473, 488, 489, 489t, 490
administration of 468
analogue 475
antagonists 475
augmentation 290, 383
challenge test 469
concentrated 167
contraindications of 468t
diagnostic use of 469
dose of 469
high-dose 469
infusion 185, 225, 309, 313, 344, 377, 489
observation during 469
intravenous 546
long-acting 388
parenteral 397
sensitivity test 469
side effects of 468
stoppage of 570
titration technique 468
P
Pacemaker 112, 340
Packed cell volume 247
Pain 121, 124, 125, 155, 297, 501, 502, 528
acute 292
causes of 292t
cramp-like 501
mechanism of 145
probable causes of 112
relief 128, 344, 345, 479
methods of 481
spasmodic 145
suprapubic 315
weak 352
Pallor 88, 419
Palmar erythema 47
Palmar grasp 421
Palmer's sign 62
Palpation 71
Pancreas 59
Pancreatic function tests 608t
Pancreatitis, acute 292
Pap smear, abnormal 295
Para-aminosalicylic acid 281
Paracervical lymph nodes 6
Paracervical nerve block 482
Paracetamol 256
Paragard 500
Paralytic ileus 549
Parametrial phlegmon 409
Parametritis 408, 409
Parametrium 5, 11
Paraplegia 416
Pararectal fascia 399
Parasitemia 284
Parasites 283
Parasitic infestation 283
Parathormone nor calcitonin 33
Parathyroid
gland 59
hormone 59, 60
Paraurethral glands 12
Paraurethral tear 398
Paravaginal hematomas 400
Paravaginal venous plexus, rupture of 400
Parenchyma 14
Parenteral therapy 252, 258
advantages of 252
indications of 252
Parietal presentation, posterior 118
Parity 86, 481
Partograph 122, 493, 494f, 495
advantages of 495
components of 494
plotting of 495
Parturition, initiation of 109f
Parvoviruses 287
Patella 311
Patent ductus arteriosus 263, 431, 463
Pathological coagulation, initiation of 581, 582
Pawlik's grip 72, 72f, 85
Peak intrauterine pressure 469
Peak systolic velocity 324f
Pectineal line 79f
Pedal edema 214f
Pedicle, torsion of 297
Peg cells 7
Pelvic
abscess 159, 408–410
adequacy 351, 370, 375
application 532
axis 84, 85f
brim 70, 81, 114, 124, 354
cellular tissue 4, 9, 11
cellulitis 407–409
changes 62
contraction 365
diaphragm 9
dimensions 82, 83
examination 155, 158
fascia 11, 141
fractures 333
hematocele 171
hematoma 400, 406
inflammation 525
inflammatory disease 170, 501, 519
inlet, shape of 347
joints 84
lymphadenectomy 295
mass 543
muscles 10f, 401f
nerves 9, 11
pathology 147
peritonitis 408, 409
plexus 12
portion 12
rest 236
shape 119
structures 140
tenderness, presence of 409
thrombophlebitis 414
tumors 71, 75, 372, 375
ultrasound 409
ureter 12
vein thrombosis 409
viscera 11
wall, fascia on 11
Pelvic floor 9–11, 115, 141, 298, 368, 378
exercises 399
fascia on 11
law of 119
muscle 146, 353
tone of 353
training 286
slope of 119
Pelvic grip 72, 72f, 73, 348, 372
first 73
Pelvic organs 4f, 9–11, 140
prolapse 286
Pelvimetry 334
Pelvis 79, 127, 130, 332, 348
assessment of 127, 334, 339, 353
clinical assessment of 334f
depth of 80f
false 79
flat 333
generally contracted 333
inclination of 80f
management of contracted 338
maternal 70, 76
normal 371
part of 80
physiological enlargement of 85
plain X-ray of 502f
quadrants of 70
secondary contracted 381
true 80, 110
ultrasonography of 159
Penalities 595
Penicillin 282
penicillinase-resistant 413
prophylaxis 256
Peptic ulcer 292
disease, risk of 52
Peptides, local 23
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty 265
Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling 105
Perforation, sites of 551
Perihepatitis 282
Peri-implantation genetic diagnosis 106
Perimortem cesarean delivery 550
place of 591
Perimortem cesarean section 544
Perinatal asphyxia 441, 466
etiology of 442
management of 443
sequelae of 448t
Perinatal death 241, 358, 418
reduction in 235
Perinatal grieving, management of 418
Perinatal infections 458
Perinatal injury 594
Perinatal loss 382
procedure-related 326
Perinatal mood disorder 417
Perinatal morbidity 245, 305, 308, 563
risk of 98
Perinatal mortality 215, 245, 270, 308, 327, 376, 561, 564
causes of 239, 563
predisposing factors of 562
risk of 98
Perinatal nomenclature 563f
Perineal arteries 400
Perineal damage, chance of 369
Perineal infiltration 527f
Perineal injury 144, 351, 398
Perineal laceration
chance of 529
prevention of 130
Perineal muscles, repair of 529f
Perineal pouch
deep 10
superficial 2, 3f
Perineal scar 398
Perineal surgery 527
Perineal tear 399f
complete 351, 398
fourth degree 406
third-degree 398b
Perineal trauma 137, 540
Perineal wound 410
Perineum 3, 10, 66, 134, 398
Peripartum cardiomyopathy 264
Peripartum hysterectomy 550
Peripheral smear, abnormal 212
Periportal hemorrhagic necrosis 212
Peritoneal coat 403
Peritoneal incision 545
Peritonitis 408, 410
Personal hygiene 294
Pethidine 568
Pfannenstiel incision, modified 545t
pH rises 51
Pharmacological agents 575
Pharyngitis 407
Phenytoin 476, 478
Phlegmasia alba dolens 414
Phosphatase levels 53
Phosphatidylcholine 100
Phosphatidylglycerol 100
Phospholipid
degradation 96
release of 581
Phototherapy 452
adverse effects of 452
Phrenic nerve injury 458
Phyalism 46
Physiological anemia 246, 421
concept of 247
criteria of 247
Physiological edema 50, 88, 89
Physiological retraction ring 114
Pill
low dose 521
missed 506
withdrawal of 507
Pinard's maneuver 365, 365f
Pinard's stethoscope 618
Pinocytosis 33
Pinopods 21
Piper forceps 364, 536, 536f
Piperacillin 160
Piskacek's sign 62
Pituitary failure 244
Pituitary gland 58, 60, 384
maternal 58
Pituitary growth hormone 56
Pituitary-ovarian axis, function of 55
Placenta 22, 26, 27, 29, 37, 40, 59, 108, 132, 202, 155, 182, 205, 210, 208, 231, 238, 239, 240, 282, 284, 296, 308, 311, 343, 387, 389f, 390, 394, 395, 404, 604, 622
abnormalities of 190, 206, 216
adherent 395, 627f
angiogenesis 210
anomaly 241
appearance of 240f
barrier 31, 37
bilobate 207
blood flow 41
chorioangioma of 202
chorionicity of 193
circulation 29, 35, 37
circumvallate 206, 207f, 233
delivery of 132
detachment of 116
endocrinology 33, 55
examination of 191, 233, 271, 388
expulsion of 117, 126, 134, 134f
extrachorialis 206
factor 307, 375, 435
fenestrata 208
fetal surface of 27f, 34, 622f
function 32, 37, 57
glucose transport 265
implantation of 115, 230, 233, 408
increta 237f, 395f
localization of 232t
low-lying 231, 237, 245, 627
manual removal of 322, 388, 389
margin of 208
marginata 206, 207
maternal
portion of 23
surface of 622f
membranecea 207
microbiomes 53
migration 231
mosaics 104
parasitization 283
perfusion 227
polyp 393
posteriorly situated 232
premature separation of 239
removal of 126, 547
retention of 386
sending 313
separation of 116, 117f, 239, 394
sign 61
situated 194
spuria 206
structure of 28f
succenturiata 206, 207, 207f, 622f
tissue, hyperplasia of 321
transfer 32, 37
villi 193f
Placenta accreta 29, 32, 237, 238, 245, 395, 549, 602, 627
partial 395
risk factors for 237
risk of 245, 395
spectrum 237, 314, 395, 627f
total 395
Placenta growth
factor 210, 211
hormone 58
Placenta membrane 31, 190
examination of 133
Placenta previa 75, 91, 115, 194, 230–234, 234t, 235, 238, 244, 245, 303, 315, 355, 359, 387, 400, 593, 601, 627, 627f
accreta 234, 238
risk of 245
anterior 238
complete 233
degree of 231f
fetal complications of 245
high-risk factors for 231b
incidence of 318
management of 236fc, 245
marginal 233
maternal complications of 245
neonatal complications of 234
symptom of 232
types of 231
Placental abruption 96, 215, 241, 243, 245, 274, 291, 296, 327
complications of 243
etiology of 240
management of 245
risk factors for 245
Placental hormones 55, 56t, 57f, 60
diagnostic value of 58
Placental insufficiency 310, 442
chronic 434
risk of 308
Placental separation, premature 239
Placental site 408
bleeding 388
contracts 139
trophoblastic tumor 182, 188
Placentation, abnormal 210, 589
Placentography 232t, 234
Placentome 28
Planned delivery, timing for 197, 202
Plantar deep creases 430
Plasma 48, 608
cells 148
concentration 56
creatinine 579
fibrinolytic system 582
glucagon 51
glucose, fasting 266, 270
insulin level 50
lower levels 56
magnesium level 621
maternal 106
membrane 18f
potassium 579
progesterone decreases 57
protein 48, 54
A, pregnancy associated 57
vasopressin 58
volume 48
Plasmapheresis 326
Plasmin, activation of 583
Plasminogen inhibitors 582
Plasmodium falciparum infection 283
Plastic suction cannula 615
Platelet 49, 607
concentrates 584
consumption 49
count 141
disorders 257
functions 580
problems 453
reduction of 213
Platypelloid 80, 332
Plethora 420
Pliable tabular bones 76
Plummer Vinson syndrome 249
Plumpy face 269f
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 428
Pneumonia 147, 286, 380, 407
neonatal 562
Pneumoperitoneum 517
Pneumothorax 420, 448
Podalic version
external 542
internal 540
place of 405
steps of 542f
Poikilocytosis 248
Polar body 18
biopsy 106
Poliomyelitis 33
Polycyclic hydrocarbons 478
Polycystic ovary syndrome 161, 163
Polycythemia 269f, 270, 308, 451
Polydioxanone 399
Polyglactin 399
Polyhydramnios 35, 71, 74, 194, 202, 206, 267, 268, 487, 587, 601
acute 205
causes of 206
complications of 206
mild 204
severe 204
treatment of 204
Polymerase chain reaction 105, 282
Polymicrobial infection 158
Poly-oli syndrome 196
Polythelia 14
Polyuria 48
Pomeroy's method 515, 516f
Ponderal index 434, 436
Pontine myelinolysis 151
Popliteal fossa 362, 365
abduction of 365f
Population dynamics 496
Port wine color 240
Portable sensors 566
Positive pressure ventilation 432
Positive serological reaction 282
Postabortion care 524
Postcoital contraception 511, 522
Posterior arm
delivery of 363f
extraction of 383
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome 212, 212f
Postmaturity
management of 309fc
syndrome 308, 487
Postnatal physiotherapy 279
Postpartum 142, 261
blues 53
cardiomyopathy 416
care 290
depression, risk of 220
depressive disorders, high-risk factors for 417
eclampsia 416
exercise 145
hemolytic uremic syndrome 416, 580
management 220, 226, 228
prophylaxis 410
renal failure 580
Rh-immunoglobulin prophylaxis 322
thyroiditis 274
urinary retention 411
vascular collapse 213
Postpartum hemorrhage 109, 194, 195, 203, 206, 234, 244, 249, 256, 296, 328, 369, 380, 381, 386, 387, 416, 537, 549
causes of 394
late 393
classification of 386
Postprandial hyperglycemia 51
Post-term pregnancy 310
complications of 308
Post-vasectomy syndrome 514
Potassium 151
chloride 201
local injection of 181
Pouch of Douglas 5, 6, 120, 159, 297f, 409
Pouch, superficial 10
Prague's maneuver 367
modified 367
Preconception planning 280
Preconceptional counseling 94, 256, 257, 270, 274, 278, 312, 595
and care 94
Preconceptional folic acid supplementation 94
Prednisolone 228, 280
Prednisone 279
Pre-eclampsia 88, 89, 91, 96, 141, 184, 194, 203, 209, 211, 226, 228, 229, 249, 256, 267, 288, 327, 562, 583, 589
atypical 226, 229
classification of 229
etiopathogenesis of 211fc
features of 183, 242
management of 217t, 219fc, 229
nonsevere 229
prediction of 215
prevention of 215
recurrent 215
risk factors for 216b, 300, 302
screening of 215
severe 211, 218, 220, 221b, 229, 301, 370
severity of 213
Pregestational diabetes mellitus 218, 267
Pregnancy 57, 58, 60, 94, 149, 172, 184, 209, 226, 240, 246, 249, 260, 294, 295, 314, 315, 337, 372, 373, 402, 467, 502, 559, 562, 580, 587, 609
acute fatty liver of 578
advanced 179
adverse effects in 283
and labor, physiology of 448
basic immunology of 588
cholestasis of 487
complications 86, 300, 563, 587
continuation of 525
dating 87t
diagnosis of 61–63, 66, 68
duration of 61, 68
ectopy 294
effects of 227, 228, 256, 268, 277, 279, 280, 283, 291, 295, 296, 298, 314, 329
failure
early 600
rate 497
false 66
first 327
half of 384
trimester termination of 167
folate deficiency 253
high-risk 585
hypertension 229
immunological test for 66
interstitial 178, 178f
late 52, 66, 149, 319, 578
loss, mechanism of 154
maintenance of 22
management of 296, 313, 316, 317fc
mask 46
normal 86, 183, 192, 210, 413, 608
periods of 56
positive signs of 66
postcesarean 370
postmature 310
problems 419
proteins 56
rarly 144, 149, 153, 179, 319
rate, overall 511
risk 511
sign of 46, 66
stage of 415
tendency of 324
termination of 166
test 62t, 68, 178
positive 63
uses of 63
vaccines in 93
warning signs of 94
Preinduction score 488
Prelabor 110
Premature rupture 123
Prematurity 255, 355, 367, 372, 375, 430, 562, 568
manifestations of 430
prevention of 432
retinopathy of 431, 448
risk of 295
Premenstrual hysterocervicography 162
Prenatal care, procedures of routine 89t
Prenatal cytogenetic testing 107
Prenatal diagnosis 104, 277, 312
screening for 107
Prenatal education 493
Prenatal exercise class 91
Prenatal genetic
counseling 102
screening 102, 327
Prepregnancy counseling 228, 273, 278
Prepregnancy health care and counseling 562
Prepregnant health status 248
Pressure necrosis 381
Preterm birth 300, 314, 593
late 304
syndrome, spontaneous 165
Preterm breech 364
delivery of 361
Preterm delivery 200, 237
Preterm labor 108, 165, 169, 194, 203, 215, 234, 268, 292, 300, 304, 407, 473, 525, 562, 586
arrest 302, 304
etiopathogenesis of 301, 301fc
management of 302, 302fc, 303, 432
prevention of 302
risk of 304
syndrome 301
Previa 327
Previous childbirth, signs of 66
Pricking sensation 61
Primaquine 283
Primigravida 46, 87, 114, 216, 218, 373, 378, 543
Primipara 87
Primitive mesenchyme 24
Primitive streak 24
Primordial follicles 8, 17
Priscilla White's classification 267
Prochlorperazine 151, 152
Progenitor cells 596
Progesterone 46, 50, 55, 57, 58, 85, 109, 113, 143, 148, 150, 154, 156, 257
effect 53
levels, low 57
natural micronized 163
only pill 477
receptor antagonists 488
supplementation 302
therapy 163
Progestin 167, 280, 506, 507, 510
implant 187
only contraception 148
only pill 146, 262, 272, 509
use of 170
parenteral 262
pill, low-dose 513
Progestogen only contraception 509, 513
Prolactin 143, 148, 150
inhibition 413
Prolapse, effects on 298
Prolongation disorder 379
Prolonged labor 195, 206, 315, 378, 380, 387
detection of 381
Prolonged pregnancy 300, 587
postmaturity 306
Promethazine 152
Pronucleus, female 19
Prophylactic acyclovir 288
Prophylactic antibiotic 261, 299, 303, 544, 547
Prophylactic anticonvulsant therapy 220
Prophylactic booster 256
Prophylactic cervical cerclage 303
Prophylactic chemotherapy 187
Prophylactic ergometrine 322
Prophylactic forceps 318, 536
delivery 553
indications of 536b
Prophylactic magnesium sulfate 220
Prophylactic oxytocin 364
Prophylactic therapy 255, 447
Prophylaxis 285, 327, 405, 409, 411–415, 460
intrapartum 306
Propylthiouracil 273
Prostacyclin, vascular synthesis of 210
Prostaglandin 50, 108–110, 158, 168, 169, 210, 313, 470, 472, 472t, 473, 488, 489t
low-dose 167
synthesis of 109
Prostanoic acid 471
Prosthetic valves 264, 264t
Prostin 620
E2 gel 472
Protease inhibitors 289
Protein 55, 90, 91, 423, 508
C deficiency 328
C resistance 155
deficiency 246
hormones 55
metabolism 50
S deficiency 328
tests for 210, 606
urine for 242
Proteinuria 89, 145, 183, 209–211, 218, 293
presence of 228
severity of 229
Proteus 285
Prothrombin gene mutation 328, 414
Prothrombin time 581f
Proton pump inhibitors 254
Protozoal infestation 283
Protraction disorder 340, 379, 381
Pseudocapsule 171
Pseudocyesis 66
Pseudogestational sac 599
Pseudomonas 158, 284
aeruginosa 573
Psychiatric disorders 417
primary 417
Psychiatric illness 94, 417
Psychoprophylaxis 480
Psychosis 53, 416
Psychotherapy 417, 418
interpersonal 418
Ptyalism 92
Puberty 8
Pubic arch 83, 84f, 332, 335, 363
Pubic crest 79f
Pubic tubercle 79f
Pubovaginalis 10
Pudendal nerve block 482, 486, 532,
analgesia 82, 199
Pudendum 1
Puerpera 87
Puerperal emergencies 416, 418
Puerperal infection 407
Puerperal psychiatric illness 417
Puerperal pyrexia 407, 409
causes of 407b, 418
Puerperal sepsis 244, 394, 407, 408b, 416, 537, 587
causes of 418
predisposing factors of 407
Puerperal sterilization 281
Puerperal venous thrombosis 413
Puerperium 93, 146f, 148, 195, 234, 249, 262, 272, 297, 299, 313, 328, 329, 411–413, 417, 468, 515
abnormalities of 407
effects on 296
Pulling cord 396
Pulmonary angiography 415
Pulmonary artery catheter values 591
Pulmonary circulation 41
Pulmonary edema 185, 213, 214, 221, 222, 225, 263, 283, 285
Pulmonary embolism 222, 386, 396, 413, 415, 416
signs of 415
Pulmonary function tests 279, 608t
Pulmonary hemorrhage 448
Pulmonary hypertension 263, 421
primary 264
Pulmonary infection 407, 416
Pulmonary insufficiency 285
acute 184, 185
Pulmonary maturity 99
Pulmonary surfactant 442
composition of 441f
estimation of 99
Pulmonary syndrome 430
Pulmonary valve stenosis 263
Pulmonary vascular reistance 49
Pulsatility index 98
Pulse 128, 141
maternal 128, 306
oximeter 225
rate 124
wave ultrasound 598
Pustulosis 460
Pyelonephritis 256, 407
acute 284
Pyopagus 190
Pyrazinamide 281
Pyrexia, control of 288
Pyridoxine 152, 281, 413
Pyrimethamine 284
Q
qSOFA score, modified 577t
Quadruple test 103
Quadruplets 200
Quality data collection 556
Quickening, date of 67
Quinine 283
Quinolones 478
Quintero staging 196b
R
Rabies 93
vaccine 428
Rachitic flat pelvis 332, 333f
Radiation 462
exposure 415
Radical hysterectomy 295
Radioactive iodine 274
Radiology 604
Raltegravir 289
Random blind sutures 401
Ranitidine 478
Rapid eye movements 567
Rapid influenza diagnostic tests 286
Rapid population growth 496
Rashes, eruption of 287f
Real-time sonography 311
Rectal artery, inferior 400
Rectal examination 401
Rectal injury 406
Rectal mucosa 398
Rectal muscles 398
Rectocele 298
Rectovaginal fistula 381, 561
Rectum 406, 421
Rectus abdominis 15
Rectus sheath hematoma 404
Recurrent attacks 415
Red blood cells 48, 247, 585
volume 141
Red cell
alloimmunization 318, 323, 329
antigens 319
folate 254
Referral system 559
Reflects fetal nutrition 98
Reflex
behaviors 421
irritability 443
pain 411
rooting 421
swallowing 421
Regenerative medicine 596
Regional analgesia 378
Regional anesthesia 482
Relaxin 58, 85, 92, 113, 488
Remifentanil 481
Renal abnormality 213
Renal agenesis 205
Renal anomalies 208
Renal circulation, characteristics of 578
Renal cortical necrosis, bilateral 212
Renal disease 228
chronic 227, 487
effects of 228
Renal dysfunction 285
development of 216
Renal failure 151, 215, 283, 286
acute 159, 222, 578, 579f
end-stage 228
hemodialysis for 411
pathology of acute 578
prerenal acute 578
prevention of acute 579
Renal function 141, 227
mildly compromised 227
Renal hypoplasia 39
Renal medulla 256
Renal plasma flow 52
Renal transplant 228
Renal transplantation, effects of 228
Renin-angiotensin system 47
Reperitonization 546
Replacement coagulation factors 585
Reproductive morbidity 561
Reproductive mortality 558
Reproductive organs, anatomy of female 1
Reproductive tissues 596
Reproductive tract infections 557
Rescue therapy 303
Resistance index 98
Respiration 577
initiation of 442
Respiratory acidemia 96
Respiratory alkalosis 278
state of 51
Respiratory distress 285, 420, 445
causes of 446t, 466
syndrome 99, 269, 409, 442, 446fc
Respiratory function 33
Respiratory morbidity, neonatal 314
Respiratory rate 577, 608
Respiratory support 432
Respiratory system 40, 51, 54, 52t, 461
Respiratory tract, development of 431
Resuscitation 444fc, 466
drugs used for 445
Reticulocyte 48
Retinal detachments 215
Retinoids 478
Retinopathy 286
Retraction 112
effects of 113
ring
dystocia 346
pathological 115, 344
Retrolental fibroplasia 448
Retro-orbital pain 288
Retroplacental clot, massive 583
Rh
alloimmunization 320
anti-D immunoglobulin 321
antigen complex 319
immune globulin 322
incompatibility 310
isoimmunization 57, 169, 487, 562, 589
sensitization 319
Rh-D alloimmunization, prevention of 321
Rhesus isoimmunization 204, 359
Rheumatic fever, recurrence of 260
Rheumatic valvular lesion 259
Rh-negative blood, transfusion of 327
Rhythm method 520, 520t
Rhythmic respiration 419
Rhythmic uterine, absence of 239
Riboflavin 91
Rifampicin 281, 282
Rigid cervix 400
Rigid inelastic perineum 527
Rilpivirine 289
Ringer's solution 175, 185, 198, 224, 313, 318, 343, 345, 361, 388
drip 242
Ripe cervix 110
Ritgen's maneuver 130, 130f
Robert's pelvis 332, 333
Rohr's stria 32
Roll over test 216
Ropivacaine 482
Rothera's test 606, 607t
Round ligament 140
pain 92, 293
Rubber catheter, simple 609
Rubella 33, 93, 166, 286
infection 421
Rubin's diagnostic criteria 180f
Rupture 297, 403, 404t
complete 403, 404
extraperitoneal 171
incomplete 403, 404
interstitial pregnancy 178f
lower segment 344
sites of 171
spontaneous 376, 402–404
tubal ectopic pregnancy 181
tuboovarian abscess 410
uterus
etiology of 401, 402fc
management of 405fc, 406
S
Sacral angle 80
Sacral promontory 81, 403
Sacrococcygeal joint 10, 85, 335
Sacrocotyloid diameter 370
Sacroiliac articulation 79f, 85
Sacroiliac joint 10, 82, 85, 348
Sacrosciatic notch 332, 335
Sacrum 85, 332, 335, 356
Safe motherhood 554, 557, 557t, 564
initiative 554
Safe vaginal delivery 377
Saheli 509
Saline induced abortion 583
Salpingectomy 176, 176f, 177
Salpingitis 170, 408
Salpingostomy 177
Sandoz 470
Scalp
beneath 78
electrodes 566f
hair 420
injuries 456
Scanty liquor 96, 360
Scaphoid abdomen 434f
Scar 403
classical 314, 315
ectopic pregnancy 180
effects on 314
endometriosis 529
integrity of 314
surgical 90
tissues 47
Scar dehiscence 314, 315, 403
management of 405fc
Scar rupture 317b, 402–404
evacuation of 315
incidence of 314
risk of 546
Schistocytosis 212
Schroeder's ring 343
Schultze method 117f
Scissors, long straight 612
Scoliosis 333
Scoliotic pelvis 333f
Score system 361
Screening fetal anomalies 601
Scrotum 2, 420
Sebaceous glands 40
Second trimester 63, 90
abortions 154
miscarriage 162
Secretion 46
Secretory columnar cells 7
Sedatives 159, 477, 481, 485
Segmental resection 177
Seizure 454
causes of 466
prophylaxis 475
Selective growth restriction 197
Sensory stimuli 479
Sepsis 105, 184, 215, 234, 421, 449, 451, 525, 562, 575
clinical signs of 141
early-onset 458
prevention of 414
risk of 184
supportive treatment for 459
syndrome 587, 591b
workup 446
Septic abortion 158, 578, 158b
Septic foci, surgical removal of 411
Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis 407, 408, 410, 414, 549
Septic pneumonia 222
Septic shock 285, 408, 409, 574
management of 410
pathogenesis of 573fc
Septic thrombophlebitis 416
Septicemia 285, 408, 409
risk of 410
Septostomy 196
Serial ultrasonography 324
Serosa 401, 403
Serum 608
albumin 451
bilirubin 254
creatinine 227, 578
electrolyte 159, 301
levels 446
ferritin 51, 258
normal 249
iron 51, 247, 254
normal 249
lactate 159
magnesium 224
markers 301
phosphorus 92
potassium 504
progesterone 156, 174
prolactin 58
protein bound iodine 59
transaminases 151
urea 409
vitamin B12 254
Sexually transmitted
disease 519
infections 499, 557
Shake test 99
Sheehan's syndrome 58, 241, 244, 381, 387
Shepard's formula 67
Shirodkar's operation, steps of 164
Shirodkar's technique 164f
Shock 184, 185, 203, 215, 241, 242, 244, 249, 328, 381, 386, 389, 396, 401, 416, 525, 549, 572
classification of 574, 574b
clinical 389
features of 574
degree of 396
develops 397
extracardiac 574
features of 172
index 389
assessment of 394
late 574
management of 575
neurogenic 574
nonhemorrhagic 574
pathophysiology of 572, 584
proteinuria 240
syndrome 288
treatment of 401
usual treatment of 397
warm 574
Short cervix 302
Short cord 208, 241, 360
Short curved obstetric forceps 531, 616f
Shoulder 356
assisted delivery of 131f
birth of 120, 349
delivery of 121f, 129, 130
posterior 358
impaction 383f
tip pain 172
traction 364, 364f
Shoulder dystocia 266, 267, 382, 383, 385, 398
complications of 270
prevention of 383
problem of 271
Shoulder presentation 373
management of 374, 374fc
Shunts 31
Siamese twins 190
Sick placenta 241
Sickle cell
anemia 597
beta-thalassemia 256
disease 91, 256
hemoglobinopathies 256
trait 256
Sickling phenomenon 256
Sideropenic dysphagia 249
Sildenafil 217, 264
Silicon cups 540
Silverman-Andersen scoring 446
Sims’ double-bladed posterior vaginal speculum 610
Sims’ posterior vaginal speculum 524
Singer's alkali denaturation test 244
Singer's test 607
Single groin traction 365f
Single implant rod 511f
Single layer stitch 547
Single puncture technique 516
Singleton 375
gestations 302
pregnancy, course of 47
Sitz baths 145
Skeletal system 53
Skene's ducts 2, 12
Skene's glands 1, 2
Skilled birth attendant 557, 559, 560, 562
Skin 39, 50, 203, 408, 457, 591
changes 53
color 419
infections 460
part of 2
rashes 288, 420
Skin-to-skin contact 138
Skull
areas of 76
bone 458
diameters of 77
fracture of 358
Slapped cheek appearance 287
Sleep 46, 87, 145
apnea 46
cycle 568
deep 567
disorders, primary 46
Sloughing fistula 405, 406
Snowstorm’ appearance 184
Sodium 151, 427
ferric gluconate 252
fractional excretion of 578
nitroprusside 474
retention, causes of 47
Soft tissue
abnormality 379
obstructions 381
Solid organ transplantation 589
Somatomedin inhibition 268
Sonography 64, 67, 193, 232, 307, 308, 359, 371, 384
Sound
disappearance of 89
muffling of 89
Sound scar 314
tests of 314
Spastic lower segment 341, 343
Spectral Doppler sonography 414
Speculum examination 304
Spence axillary tail 13
Sperm
capacitation 18
egg collision 19
tail 18f
Spermatids, development of 18
Spermatogenesis 18
Spermatozoa, phagocytosis of 499
Spermatozoon 19, 20
structure of mature 18, 18f
Spermicide 520, 522
Spermiogenesis 18
Sphincter ani externus 399
Sphincter injury 398b
Sphincter urethrae membranacea 10
Sphingomyelin 100
Spina bifida 602f
open 202
Spinal anesthesia 264, 271, 483, 486
side effects of 484f
Spinal epidural analgesia
combined 484
continuous 484
Spine 332, 421, 458, 601, 604
maternal 69
Spiral artery 6f, 29, 161, 589
Spironolactone 473
Splanchnic circulation, characteristics of 578
Spleen 89
Splenectomy 258
Spontaneous expulsion 373, 502
Spoon feeding 427
Squamocolumnar junction 6
Squamous cells 45
Squamous epithelium 2
Squamous intraepithelial lesions 295
Stallworthy's sign 232
Staphylococcal exotoxin 409
Staphylococcus 158, 408
albus 407
aureus 284, 407, 409
epidermidis 412
Static endometrial hypoplasia, producing 505
Status asthmaticus 279
Status eclampticus 222, 225
Stem cells 596
properties of 596
sample collection 596
sources of 596
transplantation 255
Stem villi 28, 29f
primary 23, 28
Sterile warm towel 432
Sterilization 147, 262, 272, 318, 513, 518, 609, 619
hysteroscopic methods of 518
male 514
operation 170
Sternocleidomastoid 457
Sternomastoid hematoma 457
Sternomastoid tumor 420
Steroid 57, 143, 212
hormones 55, 56, 60
functions of 57
therapy 237
Steroidal contraceptions 146, 278, 504
Steroidal contraceptives, types of 505fc
Steroidal hormones 57
Steroidogenesis 7
Stillbirth 86, 195, 313, 563, 587, 593
causes of 563t, 564
evacuation of 311
varies, recurrence of 311
Stitch, removal of 165, 529
Stomach, overdistension of 425
Stool, examination of 249
Streptococcal infection, group B 283
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome 408
Streptococcus 300
viridans 412
Stress 340, 425
incontinence 52, 298, 411
diagnosis of 411
maternal 300
oxidative 210
urinary incontinence 286
Stretched perineum 130
Striae 64
albicans 47
gravidarum 47, 73f
Stripping membranes 490, 491
Stroke volume 50
Stroma 45
Stromal cells 5
Stromal tissue 31
Structural chromosomal abnormalities 105
Subcapsular hematoma 212
Subclinical hyperthyroidism 274
Subclinical hypothyroidism 274
Subcutaneous tissues 15, 410f, 457
Subgaleal hematoma 456
Submentovertical diameter 370f
Subpubic angle 83, 332, 335
Subsequent adhesions 546
Subtotal hysterectomy 176, 550
benefits of 550
Suckling, frequency of 143
Suction cannula 402
Sudden infant death 423
syndrome 147, 431
Sudden postpartum collapse, causes of 416t
Sudden uterine decompression 241
Sugar, tests for 606
Sulpiride 144
Superoxide
anion radicals 210
dismutase 268
Super-subparietal diameter 333
Supine hypotension syndrome 50, 241
Supplement therapy 197
Supportive therapy 274, 393
Suppression, medical methods of 144
Supralevator hematoma 401, 401f
Suprapubic pressure 125, 383
Suprapubic region 125
Surface epithelium, loss of 412
Surfactant replacement therapy 447
Surfactant therapy 432, 449
Surgery 514
types of 177
Surgical illness 291
Surgical induction 490
Surgical management 577
Surgical therapy 464
Surprise dystocia 382
Suture 76
longitudinal 76
materials, choice of 629
Symphysiotomy 382, 383, 552
Symphysis fundal height 65, 65f, 96, 96f, 435, 439
Symphysis pubis 72, 79f, 80, 81, 83, 84, 90, 95, 117, 125f, 140, 140f
back of 363
posterior surface of 335
Syncopal attack 501
Syncope 93, 172
Syncytial knots 32
Syncytiotrophoblast 22, 28, 31, 55, 57
Synovial cavity 84, 85
Synovial hinge joint 85
Synthesis 109
Syntocinon 265, 279
Syntometrine 470
Syphilis 162, 281, 310
clinical features of congenital 282
Syphilitic diseases 259
Systemic disorders 561
Systemic fluconazole 461
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome 573, 574
Systemic lupus erythematosus 162, 280, 310
Systemic vascular resistance 49
loss of 573
Systolic murmur 49
T
T sign 600
Tachyarrhythmias 262
Tachycardia 183, 185, 259, 415, 568
persistent 158
Tachypnea 158, 185, 420, 448
Tachysystole 344, 468, 472
Tacrolimus 228
Tamponade 610
Tangential pressure 354
Tay-Sachs disease 105
Tazobactam 160
Teeth 88
Teicoplanin 160
Temperature rhythm 520
users of 520
Tentorial tear, mechanism of 456
Tentorium cerebelli 358, 455f
Teratogen information databases 478
Teratogenesis 268
Teratogenic disorders 96, 102
Teratogenic drugs 166
Teratogenicity 462
Teratogens 486
Term pregnancy, classification of 306
Terminal villus, structure of 29
Termination of pregnancy 152, 169, 229, 264, 268, 277, 384, 526
mid-trimester 168
Testes 8, 420
Tetanus 89
neonatorum 461
protects 89
toxoid 89, 93
Tetracycline 477
Thalassemia 106, 255
syndromes 257
Theca cells 55
Theca lutein cyst 184, 187, 188
Therapeutic dose 251
Therapeutic goals 394
Therapeutic termination 286
place of 260, 281
Therapy, response of 251
Thermoregulations 444
Thiamine 91, 151
Thiazide 473
Thick blood film 409
Thiopentone sodium 225
Third trimester 90
ultrasonography 602
Third-stage bleeding, management of 388
Thoracic cavity 464f
Thoracic sensory 143
Thoracopagus 190
Throat 408
Thrombin 387
time 581f
Thrombocytopenia 213, 214, 254, 257, 283, 286, 287, 293
Thromboembolic disorders 549
Thrombophilias 154, 216, 241, 310, 311, 328, 413
Thrombophlebitis 159, 387, 389, 409, 413
Thrombophophylaxis 548
Thromboplastin
liberated 583
release of 581
rich liquor amnii 583
Thromboprophylaxis 280, 327, 414, 545
Thrombosis 117, 409
risk of 513
Thrombotic microangiopathy 578
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 258
Thumb 372
Thyroid 58, 94
abnormalities 154, 155
autoantibodies 161
disorders 328
dysfunction 273, 310
function 142
test 163, 451
gland 58
hormone testing, indication of 274
storm 274
Thyroidectomy 274
Thyrotoxicosis 303
Thyrotropin releasing hormone 441
Thyroxin 150
binding globulin 59
Tidal volume 608
Tissue
anoxemia 321
extrafetal 596
extraperitoneal 15
hypoperfusion 409
pressure 580
resistance, peripheral 265
Tocolytics 165, 485
agents 303, 473, 475t
contraindications of 303
drug 302, 540
Tone up back muscles 146
Tongue 88
tie 420
Tonic contraction, generalized 343, 343f
Tonic uterine contraction 344
Tonsils 88
Tonus 112
Total cortisol, level of 60
Total fertility rate 555
Total hysterectomy 403f
Total iron binding capacity 247
Toxic features, presence of 413
Toxic shock syndrome 409
Toxins 435
Toxoplasma 154, 310
gondii 33, 284
Toxoplasmosis 105, 162, 284
Traction 535
force 530
rods, identification of 531
Tranexamic acid 393, 394
Transabdominal cerclage 303
Transcerebellar diameter 599
Transcervical balloon catheter 492
Transcervical sterilization 522
Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation 480
Transdermal patch 522
Transferrin 247
Transplacental infection 284
Transplacental therapy 465
Transvaginal pudendal block anesthesia, methods of 483f
Transvaginal route 483
Transvaginal sonography 63t, 156, 599, 599t
Transvaginal ultrasonography 63
Transvaginal ultrasound 599
Transverse incisions, low 14
Transverse lie 371, 540, 541
positions of 371f
Transversus abdominis 14
Trauma 241, 242, 291, 387, 402, 563, 587
prevention of 414
Traumatic bleeding 400
management of 388
Traumatic fistula 405
Traumatic postpartum hemorrhage 393
causes of 400
Traumatic rupture, pathology of 403
Treponema pallidum 33, 281, 282
Trial labor
advantages of 339
conduction of 338
termination of 339
Triangular ligament 10, 11
Trichomonas 93
vaginalis 294
Tricyclic antidepressants 417
Triglycerides 33
Trigone 12
Trilaminar embryonic disk, formation of 24
Triphasic pill 512
Triple test 107
Triplet pregnancy 197f
ultrasonographic diagnosis of 201f
Trisomy 356
Trisomy 21 463, 593
Trophectoderm 21, 22
biopsy 106
Trophoblast 22, 29, 185
atypia 188
cells 29, 32, 37
hyperplasia 188
invasion 210
proliferation 37
Trophoblastic cells 184
Trophoblastic disease 273
Trophoblastic proliferation 184f
Trophoblastic tissue, invasion of 180
Trophoblastic tumors 58
Trophosphere 23
True postpartum hemorrhage 386
management of 389
Trunk
birth of 120, 349
delivery of 129, 130, 356, 546
Tubal abortion 171
Tubal ectopic pregnancy
diagnosis of 173
management of 175fc
Tubal mole 171
Tubal mucosa 408
Tubal pregnancy 170, 178
chance of 170
prognosis of 177
recurrence of 177
termination of 173f
Tubal rupture 171
Tubal sterilization 517f, 518
hazards of 517
Tubal surgery 170
Tubal twin pregnancy 178f
Tube
delivery of 515
developmental defects of 170
functions of 7
Tubectomy 169, 515, 518
steps of 516f
Tubercle bacillus 33
Tuberculin skin test 280
Tuberculosis 88, 246, 280
active 281
congenital 280, 281
Tubular necrosis, acute 578
Tumor
effects of 297
necrosis factor 210
removal of 299
Tunica albuginea 8
Turner's syndrome 105, 420
Twin 71, 190, 191, 200, 203, 355, 372, 375, 411
anemia-polycythemia sequence 196
conjoined 197, 200, 385
fraternal 190
genesis of 190
gestation 550
growth, discordant 195
peak sign 193, 193f, 194, 194f, 600
placenta 191f
reversed arterial perfusion 196
vanishing 192, 195
Twin pregnancy 188, 189f, 194f, 197, 201
complications of 201
diagnosis of 201
monoamonotic 201
screening in 195
Twins-twin transfusion syndrome 196, 310
Two-arm lever theory 119
U
Uchida technique 515
Ulcerative colitis 423
Ulipristal acetate 511
Ultrasonogram 384f, 503f, 623f, 624f, 626f
Ultrasonographic growth profile 602f
Ultrasonography 63, 64, 66, 73, 87t, 101, 201, 335, 367, 385, 393, 451, 502, 599, 601, 627f
mid-trimester 601
Ultrasound 566
Doppler parameters 436
examination 94, 437
images 598
indicated cerclage 303
safety of 599
Umbilical arterial cord 570
Umbilical artery 36, 41, 98, 99, 434, 436, 608
closure of 41
Doppler study 436
intrapartum 570
flow velocity waveform 98f
single 36, 208, 271, 421, 602
Umbilical cord 23, 24, 27f, 36, 36f, 37, 208f, 231, 234f, 311, 321, 362, 389f, 602
abnormalities of 626f
blood 596, 608
advantages of 596
care 422
clamping 326
delayed 137
compression 376
factors 435
insertion 602
primitive 36f
prolapse 376
chance of 491
Umbilical grip 71, 348
Umbilical hernia 385, 463
congenital 36
Umbilical sepsis 460
Umbilical vein 40, 99, 105, 134
closure of 41
Umbilical venous pulsations 436
Umbilical vessels 27f
Umbilicus 73, 421
Undescended testicle 463
Unfractionated heparin 415
Unicornuate uterus 162
Unruptured interstitial pregnancy 178f
Unruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy 172, 174f, 181, 623f
management of 176
Upper airway obstruction 46
Urachus 36
Ureaplasma 154
Ureter 9, 12, 52
displacement of 52
enters 5
Ureteral injury 549
Ureteric damage 401
Ureteric tunnel 5
Urethra 120, 298, 398, 406, 411
female 12
penile 2
Urethral injury 406
Urethral opening 2
Urethritis, acute 285
Uric acid 210
Uridine diphosphoglucoronate glucoronosyl transferase 449
Urinalysis 151
Urinary antiseptics 411
Urinary bladder 12, 66
Urinary complications 411
Urinary incontinence 141, 147, 540
Urinary infection 92
Urinary output 214, 224
Urinary problems 141
Urinary retention 286, 540
Urinary stem 39
Urinary system 39, 52
Urinary tract 141
abnormality 285
infection 87, 88, 287, 300, 407, 411, 416
risk of 141
Urine 56, 89, 152, 214, 242, 249, 298, 451, 579
acute retention of 416
analysis 159
collection of 63, 606
dipstick test 606
examination of 218, 606
incontinence of 304, 411
midstream 89
specimen of 409
output 128, 242
retention of 286, 298, 411, 609
sample of 141
suppression of 411
Urobilinogen 606f
Uro-dip reagent strips 606f
Urogenital diaphragm 10
Urogenital sinus 4
Urogenital triangle 10
Uropathy, obstructed 205
Uterine 27, 154
anomalies 300
arteriovenous fistula 393
axis, centralized 371
blood flow 50, 54
body 479
contractile systems 109
curette 614
cycles 46
descent, slight degree of 147
devascularization 394
distension 108
drainage 144
dressing forceps 614
dysfunction 379
enlargement 44
factor 241, 348, 379
feel 242
fibroid 66, 163, 327, 387, 411
height 242
hyperstimulation 468
inertia 203, 249, 296, 341, 378
infection 408, 409
inversion, types of 396
irritability, severe 165
lacerations 549
longitudinal 73
massage 137, 390
musculature 386
pacemaker 341
palpation 404
pathologies 395b
peritoneum 44
products 410
prolapse 299f
retraction 111, 113
sepsis 411
septa, hysteroscopic resection of 163
shape 65
signs 62
sinuses, open 392
size 188, 601
souffle 64
sound 612
stretch 108
synechiae 525
systole, degree of 112
tachysystole 489
tamponade 392
tenderness 241
tetany 343
tone 311
tonus assessment 138
unification operation 163
vessels, branches of 403
wall 66
Uterine action 342
abnormal 340, 345, 346
types of 340fc
Uterine activity 341, 380
nervous control of 479
Uterine artery 4, 5, 5f, 434, 436
anastomosis 392
Doppler waveforms of 216f
embolization 237, 392
ligation of 392, 393f
Uterine bleeding
abnormal 502
dysfunctional 506
Uterine cavity 5, 26f, 73, 184, 502f
device inside 503
half of 7f
Uterine closure 546
technique 315
Uterine contraction 29, 44, 71, 109, 112, 113, 116f, 124f, 301, 340, 341, 343, 346, 351, 372, 381, 448, 469, 480, 568f
abnormal 378
cessation of 404
height of 404
normal 340, 341, 341f, 342f
pelvic adequacy 378
regular 108
strong 400
Uterine incision 485, 545, 545f
extension of 549
suture of 548
Uterine malformation 163, 169, 360
suspected 601
Uterine muscle 110, 117f, 467
fibers, retraction of 112f
Uterine perforation 168, 169
diagnosis of 502
management protocol of 525
risk of 187
Uterine rupture 382, 402, 468
pathognomonic of 405
Uterine scar 318
dehiscence 404t
evacuation of 315
Uterine tube 5, 6
ampullary part of 19
Uterine wound 314, 548
healing of 314
suture of 547
Utero-ovarian artery 393f
Uteroplacental apoplexy 239
Uteroplacental arteries 29
Uteroplacental bed 211, 229
Uteroplacental circulation 29
Uteroplacental insufficiency 205, 587
Uteroplacental vascular bed, thrombosis of 154
Uterosacral ligaments 11
Uterovaginal canal 400
exploration of 388, 552
Uterovesical pouch 6
Uterus 4, 6, 43, 47, 64, 95, 115, 115f, 116, 133, 139, 140, 144, 157, 158, 171, 184, 232, 342, 347, 368, 372, 381, 388, 390, 396, 408, 410, 411, 509
anatomy of 372
bimanual compression of 390f
body of 43
centralized 69
congenital malformations of 154, 163, 294, 355, 359, 372
contraction of 132
cornua of 5
dextrorotation of 50
double 162
enlargement of 71
evacuation of 159, 160
feel of 183
fundus of 89
generalized tonic contraction of 343f
height of 67, 71, 73f, 203
hypertonic state of 342
infections of 158
internal blood supply of 6f
inversion of 396, 396f, 416
involution of 139
irritable 360
lateral border of 403f
ligament of 11f, 15
longitudinal muscles of 113f
lower pole of 70
lower segment of 115t, 403f
outside 503
overdistension of 387, 411
part of 5f
pathologic anatomy of 344, 373f
perforation of 183, 184, 502
polarity of 113, 340
pregnant 62
prolapse of 411
replacement of 397
retroverted 297
routine exploration of 318
rupture of 169, 328, 343, 345, 360, 371, 401, 402, 403f, 406, 623, 623f
sensitivity of 488
septate 162
size of 67, 139, 183, 232
sparing 396
suction evacuation of 185
sudden decompression of 242
tone of 135
torsion of 241
uninjured 404
walls of 117
V
Vaccination, active 286
Vaccines 93
schedule 428b
Vacuum 540
aspiration 167, 526, 552
delivery 539
extraction 353
extractor, application of 539f
Vagal stimulation 40
Vagina 3, 4, 9, 43, 46, 66, 134, 140, 141, 399, 509
congenital malformations of 294
Vaginal artery 4
Vaginal birth after cesarean section 316, 550
Vaginal bleeding 165, 172, 173, 183, 186, 200, 241, 316, 599
amount of 404
causes of 172
excessive 400
history of 90
irregular 147
slight gush of 125
Vaginal breech delivery 359–361, 367
complications of 358
management of 361
Vaginal contraceptive 519f, 520
sponge 520
Vaginal delivery 144, 198, 201, 233, 237, 243, 302, 317, 325, 342, 353, 370, 375, 377, 382, 399, 543
assisted 530, 530t
planned 290
purpose of 487
Vaginal discharge 93, 141, 298
abnormal 294
Vaginal evacuation 187
complications of 185
Vaginal examination 64, 67, 74, 90, 126, 127, 128, 129, 184, 232–234, 237, 348, 368, 372, 523
contraindications of 237
indications of 127
Vaginal flora 407
Vaginal ligation 516
Vaginal microbiome 53
Vaginal mucosa 528
repair of 529f
Vaginal obstruction 543
Vaginal operations, destructive 405
Vaginal operative delivery 351
Vaginal orifice 2
external 4
Vaginal pads, inspection of 304
Vaginal pessary 472, 571
Vaginal plastic operation 294
Vaginal ring 522
combined 504
Vaginal route 258
Vaginal secretion 4
Vaginal signs 62, 125
Vaginal swab 382
Vaginal tablet 472
Vaginal tear 383, 399
Vaginal transducers 598
Vaginal wall 43, 399
Vaginitis 294
Valproate 478
Valproic acid 278
Valsalva maneuver 304
Valvotomy, place of 263
Valvular heart disease 262
Vancomycin 160
Vanishes 195
Varicella 93, 287
pneumonia 287
zoster virus 287
Varicose veins 92
Vasa previa 208, 231, 244
Vascular ectopy 153
Vascular spider 47
Vasculopathy 268
Vasculosyncytial membrane 31
Vasectomy 514
Vasodilator 475
prostaglandin 210
therapy 576
Vasogenic edema 212f
Vasopressors 576
Vasospasm 210, 211
selective 574
Veins, superficial 413
Velamentous insertion 37
Velamentous placenta 208
Vena cava
filters, indications of inferior 416
filters, inferior 415
inferior 40
ligation of inferior 415
Venous blood, amount of 40
Venous Doppler 99, 436
Venous drainage 7, 29
Venous parameter 99
Venous pressure 49, 50
Venous stasis 413
Venous thrombectomy 415
Venous thromboembolic diseases 413
Venous thromboembolism 474, 508, 594
management for 414
risk factors for 414
Venous ultrasonography 414
Ventilation 415
Ventilatory resuscitation 444
Ventouse 318, 353, 537
contraindications of 539b
cup 539f, 617, 617f
delivery, indications of 537
over forceps, advantages of 538
Ventricular septal defect 263
Ventriculomegaly 384
Verapamil 475
Vernix caseosa 40
Version 540
Vertex 76
abnormal position of 347
delivery, anterior 351
presentation 200
Vesical artery, superior 6, 41
Vesicles, finding of 184
Vesicocervical ligaments 11
Vesicovaginal fistula 561
Vesicular mole, diagnostic of 183
Vestibular bulb 1, 2, 3f
Vibroacoustic stimulation 97, 101, 569
Vicious circle 566
Vigorous uterine contraction 145
Villous cytotrophoblasts 22
Villous stroma, hydropic degeneration of 184f
Villus 212
changes 32
development of 29f
hydropic degeneration of 188
transverse section of 32f
Vincristine 189
Virchow's triad 413
Virginal vulva 1f
Virus 288, 310
live-attenuated 287
Visceral injuries 359, 405, 458
Vital capacity 52f, 608
Vital signs
assessment of 422
examination of 419
Vitamin 90, 247, 423
A 90, 91, 478
B1 151, 152
B12 39, 91, 152, 247, 253
B12 deficiency 246, 247, 254
causes of 254
B6 149, 152, 281
C 152, 217, 247
D 90, 91, 423
E 217
fat-soluble 33
K 584
aqueous solution of 432
deficiency 151
dependent 277
water-soluble 33
Vitelline
duct 36
membrane 17
Volume replacement 394, 584
Vomiting 61, 92, 149, 194, 250, 285, 293, 468, 507
causes of 149
von Willebrand disease 258
Vulva 1, 43, 134, 363, 398
care of 145
inspection of 235
Vulval cleaning 127
Vulval edema 214f
Vulval hematoma 400, 529
Vulval inspection 232
Vulval pads, periodic inspection of 236
Vulval skin, lacerations of 398
Vulvar hematoma 400
W
Wandering method 536
Warfarin 166, 415, 476
Warm sterile fluid 397
Waste space of Morris 83, 84f
Water
bag of 111
balance 213
intoxication 468
Weak uterine contraction 353
Weaning 428
Weight chart, normal 427f
Weight gain 47, 507
abnormal 214
Weight loss 141
Welcome sign 110
Well-flexed fetal head 83
Wernicke's encephalopathy 150, 151
Wharton's jelly 36, 208, 308
White's classification 267t
Whole blood transfusion 584
Whole-hand method 353, 354
Witch's milk 420
Withdrawal bleeding 393, 507
Withdrawal technique 501
Wood's maneuver 383
Wound
complications 549
dehiscence 410, 529
dressing 145
infection 407, 409
scrubbing 410
Wrigley's forceps 535, 616f
Wrinkled skin 434f
X
Xiphopagus 200f
X-linked disorder 255
X-ray pelvimetry 335
hazards of 335
Y
Yasmin 505
Yellow fever 93
vaccine 428
Yolk sac 24, 24f, 39, 624f
presence of 599, 624
secondary 24
Young chorionic villi 182
Yuzpe method 512
Z
Z technique 252
Zavanelli maneuver 383
Zidovudine 290
intravenous 290
monotherapy 290
Zika virus 94, 288
Zinc 91
Zona
hatching 20, 21
lysis of 21
pellucida 18
reaction 19
Zygosity 190
determination of 191, 191t
diagnosis of 190
Zygote 19, 20
mitotic division of 20f
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Chapter Notes

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