A
Acalculia 5
Accelerometer 177
Acetazolamide 87
Acquired anterior opercular syndrome 108
Age limited epilepsy syndrome 185
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 208
Alkyl carbamate 188
Alzheimer's disease 93
Ambulatory intracranial electroencephalogram 171
Amino acid change 80
Amygdala 121
Anesthesia, level of 50
Aneuploidy 80
Antiarrhythmic drugs 95
Antibiotic irrigation 129
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody 31
Antiseizure medication 20, 21, 23, 30, 34f, 48, 49, 61, 64t, 65, 66, 74, 85, 89, 92, 93, 100, 115, 131, 185, 198, 206
armamentarium of 180
general strategies 29
mechanism of action of 30t
treatment lag of 68
Aphasia 5
Apnea 156
Appetite suppression 189
Arcuate fasciculus 111
Arrhythmia 93
Arterial blood gas analysis 58
Arterial strokes 24
Arteriovenous malformations 133
Asymmetric tonic seizures, semiology of 145f
Atkins diet 32
Atonic seizures 74
Atrioventricular conduction defect 66
Auditory aura 153
Autistic traits 135
Autonomic aura 153
Autonomic pharmacology 97
Axio rhizomelic atonia 108
B
Bacterial meningitis 197
Basal ganglia 148
Behavioral arrest 8
Behavioral disturbances 184
Behavioral problems 135
Behnke-Fried depth electrode 122
Benign Rolandic epilepsy 107
Bispectral entropy 174
Bispectral squared entropy 174
Blindness 152
Blood-oxygen-level-dependent effect 147
Bone
disorders 65
flap size 163f
loss in epilepsy, 65t
marrow transplantation 64
mineral disorders 61
Bradycardia 156
Brainstem level 13
Buccal midazolam 213
Bupropion 201
Busulfan 64
C
Cardiac arrhythmias 93
Cardiac disorders 66
Cardiac pacemaker 126
Cardiovascular and respiratory disorders 61
Cardiovascular defects 89
Cardiovascular issues 93
Carotid sinus syndrome 93
Cavernoma 103
Cavernous angiomas 120
CDKL5 gene mutation 189
Central hypotonia 135
Cerebellar atrophy 134
Cerebral
abscess 122
activation 103
disorder, acute 194
glucose consumption 104
hemorrhage 94
palsy 21
physiology 148
toxoplasmosis 25
venous thrombosis 198
Cerebrospinal fluid 48
Cerebrovascular disorders 93
Channelopathies 132
Chapeau de gendarme 158
Childhood epilepsy 131
Chlorambucil 64
Chloride channel 208
Chlorpromazine 201
Chocking 156
Choreiform movement disorder 135
Chromosomal syndromes 132
Cingulate cortex 152
Cingulum 121
Citalopram 201
Clonic jerks, asymmetric ending of 159
Clozapine 201
Cluster analysis, type of 152
Cognitive 5t
deficits, postictal 159
disability 137
disturbances 151
dysfunction 69
functions 69t
impairment 104
regression 133
Combined oral contraceptive pill 87
Complex epilepsy 131
Connective tissue disorders 200
Coronary artery disease 66
Corpus callosotomy 105
Corpus callosum 163f
Cortical abnormalities 146
Cortical blindness 135
Cortical malformations 148
Cortical stimulation 118
Corticotrophin-releasing hormone 13
Craniotomy 163f
Creatine deficiency disorders 136
Creatinine 195
Cryptogenic epilepsy 182
Cryptogenic supra-refractory status epilepticus, evidence in 51
Cyclophosphamide 64
CYP2C19 substrates 36
CYP3A4 substrates 36
Cytochrome P450 39
Cytogenetic studies 206
Cytotoxic agents 95
D
Delalande's technique 162
Dementias 93
DEPDC5 gene mutation 83
Desmethylclobazam 36
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 133
Diphenhydramine 201
Disease-specific therapies 31
Doose syndrome 111
Down's syndrome-related epilepsy 132
Doxorubicin 64
Drowsy 164
Drug refractory epilepsy, cases of 204
Drug-resistant
focal epilepsy, case of 148f
Dyselectrolytemia 196
Dyskinesias 134
Dysphasia 5
Dystonic limb posturing 157
Dystonic posturing 156
E
Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy 133
Echocardiogram monitoring 189
Electrical shock 152
Electrical status epilepticus in sleep 109
Electrical stimulation 125
Electroconvulsive therapy 52
Electrocorticography 172
Emaptica 177
Emergency surgery 52
Emotional facial paresis 157
Encephalitis 197
Encephalopathic disorders 197
Endocrine impairment 168
Endoscopic disconnection 164
Enzyme inducibility 97
Epi-care 178f
Epidiolex 188
Epigenetics 191
Epihunter 176
advances in genetics of 78
and pregnancy 88
classification of 132t
etiological classification of 6
in elderly 92
in women 85
infantile migrating focal seizures 79
multifocal 133
precision medicine in 209f
Epileptic auras, significance 153t
Epileptic disorders 136
Epileptic nystagmus 157
Epileptic seizures 171
Epileptic zone 118
Epileptiform discharges 166f
Epileptogenesis, development of 31
Epileptogenic foci 103t
Epileptogenic lesions 105
Epileptogenic network 22
Epileptogenic zone 143
Epileptogenicity, hallmark of 148
Epileptologists 210
Estradiol 85
Estrogen 85
Everolimus 189
Exacerbate seizures 28
F
Facial dysmorphisms 204
Fencing posture 158
Fenfluramine 189
Fertility 87
Figure-of-4 sign 158
Focal electrographic seizure 102f
Folic acid 87
Fractional anisotropy 205
Freiburg database 174
Frequent refractory seizures 108
Frontotemporal dementia 94
Fusobacterium 191
G
GABA-related actions 30
Ganaxolone 137
Ganglioglioma 103
Gate theory 126
Gene therapy 78
Gene-modifying techniques 187
Genetic abnormalities 205
Genetic analysis techniques 80
Genetic counseling 82
Genetic generalized epilepsies 8
Genetic influences
complex interplay of 196f
in drug metabolism 206f
in drug transporters 206
in ion channels 207
of ADRS–HLA 207t
of adverse drug reactions 206
of ion channels 208t
Genetic mutations 137
Genetic underpinnings 62
Genotype-phenotype relationship 79
Geriatric autoimmune disorders 94
Geriatric neurology 92
Glasgow Coma Scale scores 95
Glutamate 30
Goosebumps 156
Granuloma 94
GRIN2A mutations 137
Gut microbiome 191
H
Habitual seizure 122
Hallucinations 152
Head and eye version 158
Head trauma 197
Heart disease, structural 93
Hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy 70
Hemispherectomy 162
Hemispherotomy 161
Hemogram, complete 58
Hemorrhagic stroke 198
Hepatic and renal diseases 200
Hepatic enzymes 64
Hepatic metabolism 97
Herpes encephalitis 24
Heschl's gyrus 153
Heterotopias 120
Hippocampal changes 146
Hippocampal excitatory neurons 192
Histone lysine deacetylases 191
Histone modification 80
Homoeostatic mechanisms 97
Human brain organoids derived 191
Human immunodeficiency virus 25
Human pluripotent stem cells 191
Hydantoins 33
Hydrocephalus 189
Hydrocortisone 15
Hygroma 184
Hyperactivity disorder 108
Hyperexcitable neuronal membranes 41
Hyperkinetic behavior 69
Hypermotor behavior 152
Hypertensive encephalopathy 196
Hyperventilation 156
Hypnic jerks 93t
Hypoperfusion 103
Hypotension 66
Hypotonia 134
Hypoventilation 156
Hypoxia, acute 195
I
Iatrogenic injury 148
autonomic manifestations 156t
bradycardia 66
grasping 157
gyration 158
nystagmus 158
piloerection 157
pouting 158
spitting and vomiting 158
Ictogenesis 172
Ideal rescue therapy agent 213
Idiopathic generalized epilepsy syndromes, prognosis of 182
Idiosyncratic reactions 97
Ifosfamide 64
Immune epilepsies 133
Immune-mediated epilepsies 136
Immunodeficiency disorders, primary 132
Immunomodulatory agents 51
Infantile epilepsies 80
Infantile-onset epilepsy 80
Infections 24
Infectious epilepsies 133
Inhalational halogenated anesthetics 50
Inherited metabolic disorder 136
Instability, postural 93
Interleukin 1-beta 31
Intracarotid amobarbital procedure 147
Intracranial hemorrhage 198
Intractable epilepsy 149
Intractable focal epilepsy, case of 145f
Intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone 14
Ipsilateral hemisphere 157
Irinotecan 64
Irritability 69
Ischemic infarcts 94
Isoflurane 208
Ivabradine 208
K
Katamenios 86
KCNQ2 gene 134
KCNQ2-related epilepsies 134
KCNT1 channel-related epilepsy 137
KCNT1 gene 135
L
Lamberink predictive model 22
Language lateralization 148
Lead malfunction 122
atypical absences of 111
Lesionectomy 105
Lethargy 189
Limb movements, paucity of 157
Lissencephaly 13f
Liver function tests 58
M
Magnesium 53
Medically refractory epilepsy 118
Mefenamic acid 201
Memantine 208
Meningitis 122
Meningocele 184
Meningoencephalocele 103
Mental deterioration 68
Mental retardation 21
Mephobarbital 33
Metabolic defect in epileptic child 136t
Metabolic disorders 197
Methotrexate 64
Microbiome in epilepsy 191
Migrating partial seizures of infancy 22
Miosis 156
Mitochondrial encephalopathies 182
Monosomy 80
Mood disorders, treatment of 64
Mood stabilization 69
Mortality implications 62
Motor function 104
Mydriasis 156
Myoclonic atonic epilepsy 111
Myoclonic-astatic epilepsy 134
Myoclonic-tonic-clonic 5
N
Narcolepsy 93
Nasopharyngeal airway 56
Natalizumab 31
Neonatal seizures and epilepsies, classification of 7
Neurocritical Care Society 47
Neurocutaneous markers 204
Neurocutaneous syndromes 133
Neurodegenerative processes 93
Neurodevelopmental regression, severe 135
Neuroimaging in elderly epilepsy 94
Neuroinfections 92
Neuroinflammation 27
Neurological comorbidity 62
Neurological disorder 132
Neurological signs 135
Neurological symptoms 137
Neurosteroids 189
Neurostimulation devices 126t
Neurostimulation in epilepsy, modern day 125
Neurostimulation techniques 180
Neurotransmitter release, modulation of 30
Next-generation sequencing techniques 82
Nitrazepam 15
Nondominant hemisphere 157
Nonforced head deviation 157
Noninvasive neuromodulation technique 190
Novel medical technology 191
Nullisomy 80
O
Oral benzodiazepines 213
Organ dysfunction 200
Oromotor dysfunction 108
Orphan disease 132
Orthostatic hypotension 93
Osteoporosis, risk for 95
Oxazolidinediones 33
Oxcarbamepine 207
P
Paclitaxel 64
Palliative neurosurgical procedures 101
Panayiotopoulos syndrome 180
Paralytic ileus, risk of 53
Paraneoplastic encephalitis antibody panel 58
Parkinson's disease 62
Paroxysmal nonepileptic seizures 28
Peak plasma concentration 214
Pediatric epilepsy surgery 24
Pediatric rare epilepsy syndromes 131
Perimenstrual seizure cluster 86
Perinatal birth injuries 13
Perioral cyanosis 133
Periventricular nodular heterotopia 148
Photoparoxysmal response 185
Photoplethysmogram 177
Photosensitive seizures 73
Piloerection 156
Placebo group 189
Plasma exchange 49
Polymicrogyria, detections of 146
Polypharmacy and interactions 97
Potential epileptogenic foci 102
Potentiation 30
Prader–Willi syndrome 81
Prednisolone 15
Prednisone 15
Preictal and postictal psychiatric ailments 63
Preictal headache 153
Progesterone 85
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy 25
Progressive neurological deterioration 70t
Progressive organic dysfunction 196
Protein binding 97
Proteobacterium in healthy controls 191
Pseudo-Lennox syndrome 73
Pseudo-refractoriness, concept of 28
Pseudoresistance 182
Psychomotor regression 110
Pyruvate dehydrogenase 136
R
Rasmussen syndrome 70
Rectal diazepam 213
Recurrent neural networks 174
Refractoriness, define 47
Renal elimination 97
Renal failure, chronic 196
Renal function tests 58
Resective epilepsy surgery 84t
Residual gliotic scars 24
Respiratory distress, case of 56
Restless legs syndrome 93
Rett syndrome 191
Rifampicin 35
Right parieto-occipital cavernoma 199f
Rituximab 31
Robot-assisted procedure 122
Robot-assisted stereoelectroencephalography electrode insertion 122
Robotic-guided hypothalamic hamartoma ablation 164
Rolandic status epilepticus 108
S
Salivation 156
Sanger sequencing 79
Scar epilepsy 20
Sclerosis, multiple 62
SCN2A related epilepsies 134
Scout image 121f
despite treatment 22
detection devices for diagnosis 176
during pregnancy 88
epileptic 2
focal 2
freedom 183f
frequency 204
nature of 95
risk of recurrence after first unprovoked 181
self-reporting 176
semiological manifestations of 152
spread of 122
types, multiple 22
Semiology, postictal 8
Sensor dot 176
Sensorimotor area 152
Sensory auras, contralateral or bilateral 152
Sensory seizures 93
Serine-threonine kinase 135
Simple motor manifestations 154
Sodium 30
Somatic comorbidity 62
Somatognosia 153
Somatosensory auras 152
Somnolence 189
Specific epilepsy syndromes, etiology 8
Specific genetic syndrome 133
Specific lateralizing signs 156
Spinal cord stimulator device 126
Spinocerebellar ataxias 62
Sporadic hemiplegic migraine 65
Stem cells 191
Stereotactic radiosurgery 168
Stereotaxy 121
Subarachnoid hemorrhage 198
Subcortical flair hyperintensity 198f
Subcortical structures 146
Subdural hematoma, post-traumatic left convexity 199f
Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas 189
Submillimeter range 144
Succinimides 33
Super-refractory status epilepticus 47
Surface electromyography signals 177
Sweating 156
alcohol-related 201
causes 194
common metabolic disorders 195t
epidemiology of 196
etiology of 197
in elderly 92
list of drugs and toxins 201t
Synaptic transmission, coregulator of 208
Synthetic minority oversampling technique 174
Systemic lupus erythematosus 200
T
Tachycardia 156
Tamoxifen 64
Tandem mass spectrometry 83
Targeted genetic testing, diagnosis 205
Technology, improvement of 187
Temporal lobectomy, anterior 168
Temporal plus epilepsy 120
Teniposide 64
Tetracosactide 15
Tetrasomy 80
Theophylline 95
Thiopentone 48
Thiotepa 64
Thrombocytopenia, cause 64
Thyrotoxicosis 93
Tiagabine 30
Timothy syndrome 191
Tocilizumab 31
Todd's palsy 157
Tongue bite, unilateral 159
Tonic head version 157
Tonic-clonic seizures 94f
Topotecan 64
Tractography 184
Tramadol 201
Transaminase elevation 189
Transaminitis 189
Transcranial direct current stimulation 190
Transcranial magnetic stimulation, repetitive 52
Transient ischemic attack 93
Trimethadione 33
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha 31
V
Vaccine-related encephalopathy 134
Vascular cognitive impairment 94
Vascular endothelial permeability 196
Vasovagal syncope 93
Venlafaxine 201
Verapamil 53
Vertiginous aura 153
Vincristine 64
Vitamin D supplements 95
Voltage-dependent sodium channels 41