Interesting Clinical Cases in Medicine Girish Mathur, KK Pareek
INDEX
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXZ
Page numbers followed by b refer to box, f refer to figure, fc refer to flowchart, and t refer to table.
A
Abdomen
computed tomography 169f
pain of 151
Abdominal discomfort 9, 265
Abdominal epilepsy 265
differential diagnosis 266
treatment 266
Abdominal examination 237
Abdominal migraine 265
Abdominal pain 9, 9t
Abdominal ultrasound 257
Abetalipoproteinemia 10
Acid-fast bacillus, 107, 170
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 79
Actinomycosis 52
Acute coronary syndrome 43
Acute respiratory distress syndrome 66, 270
Adenoma 158
Adenosine deaminase 241
Adenosine deaminase activity 107
Adrenal gland 158, 168
Adrenal incidentaloma 158f
Adrenal insufficiency 170
Adrenal mass, bilateral 168
Adrenaline 244
Adrenocorticotropic hormone 179, 244
Afebrile 119
Alanine aminotransferase
Alanine transaminase 239, 270
Albumin 270
Albumin globulin reversal 35
Alcoholism 270
Aldosterone
calculation of 261
plasma levels 263
to-renin ratio 260
Aldosteronism, primary 260
Alkali supplementation 232
Alkaline phosphatase 239
Allergic disorders 243
Allergic reaction to human insulin 18
Allergic rhinitis 243, 246
Alpha-1-antitrypsin 184
Alph-fetoprotein 159
Aluminium phosphide poisoning 65
Alzheimer's disease 162, 165, 166
Amaurosis fugax 221
Amebic meningoencephalitis, primary 50t
Amenorrhea, primary 172
American Association of Clinical Endocrinology guidelines 225
American College of Cardiology 41
American College of Rheumatology 136
American Diabetes Association 223, 224fc
guidelines 41
Amikacin 127
Aminotransferase levels 82, 83
Amitriptyline 14
Amlodipine 241
Amnesia 254
Amoxicillin 127
Amphotericin B 50
Ampitum 127
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 56, 157
Androgen insensitivity, signs of 56
Anemia 9
Angina 135
unstable 113
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor 41, 187
Angular cheilitis 10, 81
Angular stomatitis 9
Ankylosing spondylitis 193, 196
Anticardiolipin antibody 133
Anticitrullinated peptide antibodies 129
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 61, 209
Antidiabetic drugs, oral 199
Anti-double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid 208
Antihistamines 245
Anti-liver kidney microsome 184
Anti-Müllerian hormone 173
Anti-neuronal antibody 231
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody 61
Antinuclear antibody 31, 50, 133, 151, 184, 208, 209, 231
profile 61
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome 151, 132
Antiretroviral therapy 79, 83
Antitissue transglutaminase 11
Antituberculous, treatment 199, 242
Antrum of stomach 4
Aortic regurgitation 135
Arrhythmia 127
Arterial and venous thromboembolism 125
Arterial blood gas 65, 72, 75, 190
analysis 72, 153
Arterial bruit 135
Arterial thrombosis 127
Arterial thrombosis, risk factors for 127
Arthralgias 135
Aspartate aminotransferase 239, 270
Association of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 229
Asthma 113
Ataxic gait, except for 117
Atazanavir 83
Atherosclerosis, severe 45
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 224, 225
Atorvastatin 127, 223
Atrioventricular 43
Augmentin 127
Autoimmune disease 128
Autoimmune disorder 69
Autoimmune hepatitis 184
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome 144
Autonomic dysfunction 122
Autonomic dysregulation 216
Autonomic epilepsy 265
Autonomic instability 101, 216, 217
Autonomous nervous system 207
Azathioprine 123, 138
Azithromycin 50, 127
Aztreonam 127
B
Basal insulin
dose determination 226
initiation 223
Basilar artery syndrome 254
Behçet's disease 274, 275
Benign adrenal lesion 158
Bepotastine 245
Beta blockers 68
Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin 159
Biochemical investigations 30
Biopsy 102, 159
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 103f
stained with hematoxy 184f
Bitot's spots 9
Bleeding
active 2
cause of 2
lesion 2t
manifestations 9
Blood glucose 226
Blood loss
amount of 1, 1t
and resuscitation 1
Blood pressure 153
diastolic 265
systolic 3
Blood sugar levels 226t
Blood urea 3
Body mass index 10, 153, 168, 175, 223, 244
low 88
Body weight 226t
Bony deformity 58
Brachioradialis muscle 56f
Bradycardia 191
Brain and neck vessels, angiography 221f
Brain, CT 99f
Brain, MRI 100f
Breathlessness 109
Bromocriptine 215
Bronchi 81
Bulbospinal muscular atrophy 56
C
Calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation 232
Calcium channel blocker 41, 68
Calculation problem 164
Captopril 223
Carbamazepine 123
Carbenicillin 127
Carbimazole 205
Carbohydrate malabsorption 9
Cardiac arrhythmias 66, 122
Cardiac autonomic nerve dysfunction, sign of 42
Cardiac conditions 219
Cardiac enzymes 113
Cardiac failure 66
Cardiac manifestations 136
Cardioacceleratory center 43f
Cardioinhibitory center 43f
Cardiomegaly with fluid 114f
Cardiomyopathy 187
Cardiorenal syndrome 112
Cardiothoracic vascular surgery 188
Cardiovascular anomaly 188
Cardiovascular disease 224
Cardiovascular events, risk of 40f
Cardiovascular examination 236
Cardiovascular outcomes trials 224
Cardiovascular risk factors 40
Cardiovascular system 153, 202
Carnitine deficiency 120
Carotidynia 135
Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification 107
Caspr2 antibodies 123
Cefepime 127
Cefotaxime 127
Ceftriaxone 15, 117, 127
Celiac disease 9, 10, 12
Celphos 65
Central nervous system 202, 241, 265, 274
dysfunction 122
examination 70, 164
infections 166
toxoplasmosis 81
Cephalexin 127
Cepheid 93
Cerebral artery, middle 219, 221
Cerebral atrophy, moderate diffuse 102
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy 219
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis 276
Cerebrospinal fluid 71, 214, 275
analysis 98
examination 213
routine 164
Cerebrovascular accidents 222
diagnosis of 117
Cetirizine 245
Challenging status epilepticus 98
Charcot's joints 62
Cheilosis 9
Chest discomfort 109
Chest leads, prominent in 154
Chest pain in emergency room, lateral 106
Chest, CT 107f
Chloroquine 68
Cilostazol 127
Ciproflox 127
Ciprofloxacin 36
Citrobacter species 15
Clavulanic acid 127
Clindamycin 127
Clostridium perfringens 202
Coccidioidomycosis 81
Cognitive domains 162
Colitis 3
Coma 66
Complete blood count 44, 82
Concept, proof of 45
Congestive heart failure 188, 205
Conidiobolus coronatus 52
Conjunctival erythema 209f
Connective tissue disorders 207, 219
Consciousness
loss of 98, 117
recovery of 119
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion 25
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography 158
Copper deposition 35
Coronary angiography 115f, 133
Coronary artery bypass graft 252
Coronary artery calcification scanning 44
Coronary artery calcium 45
Coronary artery disease 40
incidence of 43
tests available for screening for 44
Coronary occlusion, severe 114
Coronavirus disease 19 pandemic 90, 117
Corticobasal syndrome 165
Costochondritis 113
Cotrimoxazole 127
therapy 82
Cramps, multiple 56
Cranial nerve 157
dysfunction 207
examination 70
palsies, multiple 207
Cranium and spine 241
Creatine phosphokinase 71, 193, 208, 215
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 255
Crohn's disease 9, 10
Cryptosporidium 10
Cushing's syndrome 175, 176, 243, 244
diagnosis of 179fc
differential diagnosis 175
directed hormonal tests 176t
treatment 178
Cyclophosphamide 38, 138, 231
Cyproheptadine 245
Cystic fibrosis 258
Cytomegalovirus infection 81
Cytotoxic 21
D
Deep tendon reflexes 70, 153
Deep vein thrombosis 221
Degenerative disk disease 104f
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate 179
Dementia 193
causes of 166
Dengue fever 248
case management 248
differential diagnosis 248
Dengue myositis 250
Depression 44
Depressive disorder 162
Dermatophagoides farinae 245
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 245
Derum insulin assay 31t
Desloratadine 245
Desmopressin 147
Desogesterol 146
Dexamethasone 50
Dexamethasone suppression test, high-dose 179
Diabetes education 87
Diabetes mellitus
type 1 20, 43
type 2 18, 24, 41, 199, 226
uncontrolled 223
Diabetic kidney disease 224
Diarrhea
associated with abdominal pain 9
case presentation 7
chronic, common causes of 10t, 10
classification of 9t
due to functional 8t
inflammatory/noninflammatory type 8
of predominantly secretory type 9
secondary to small intestine/large intestine 8t
secretory 7
small-bowel type 8
symptom of 7
Diethylcarbamazine citrate 245
Dieulafoy's lesion 3
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors 224–226
Diplopia 70
Disability-adjusted life year 218
Disease, course of 208t
Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs 63, 138
Disseminated mycosis 81
Dolutegravir 82, 83
Doxycycline 117
Dressing difficulty 164
Drug susceptibility testing 90
Drug-induced thrombotic microangiopathy 144
Drug-resistant tuberculosis 93
Dry gangrene 126f
Dual insulin desensitization 22
Duchenne muscular dystrophy 120
Duke treadmill score 44
Duodenal folds, computed tomography 11f
Dysarthria 56
Dysautonomia 123
Dyslipidemia 36
Dysphagia 56
Dyspnea 135
differential diagnosis of 235
Dystonia hypertension 101
E
Eating problem 164
Ebastine 245
Echocardiographic assessment 254
Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion 175
Efavirenz 83
Electrocardiogram 42f
Electrochemiluminescence assay 173
Electrolyte disorders 263
Emergency department 119
Encephalitis 98, 248
Endocarditis 205
Endogenous hyperinsulinemia, cause of 148
Endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia 31
Endoscopic
examination 1
methods for control of bleeding 5t
Endothelial damage 127
Enoxaparin, subcutaneous 127
Enterococcus species 15
Entomophthoromycosis 51, 52
Entomophthoromycotina 51
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 249
Epigastric region 269
Episodic memory, loss of 164
Epithelial membrane antigen 177
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 130, 208, 275
Escherichia coli 15, 92, 203
Esophageal candidiasis 79, 81
Estimated glomerular filtration rate 31, 208
Ethambutol 92
Ethinyl estradiol 146
European Association for Study of Diabetes 45
European Society of Cardiology 45
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 65, 67
Extrapulmonary cryptococcosis 81
Extrapulmonary histoplasmosis 81
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis 81
F
Fabry's disease 219
Face mask 118
Facial puffiness 7
Familial hypercholesterolemia 132
Fasting blood glucose 19, 226
Fasting plasma glucose 169, 223, 225, 227
Fat malabsorption 9
Fatigue to fungus 168
Fexofenadine 245
Fibromuscular dysplasia 220
Fine needle aspiration cytology 79, 201
Fish gallbladder ingestion, bane or boon 235
Fixed-dose combination 243
Flaccid quadriparesis, acute onset 71fc
Flavivirus 254
Fluconazole 50, 82
Fluid attenuated inversion recovery 196
Follicle-stimulating hormone 173, 176
Follicular cancer 27
Follicular thyroid carcinoma 27
Forgotten lead 114
Forrest classification 4, 4t
Free thyroxine 176
Frontotemporal dementia 162, 165
Fungal nail infections 81
G
Gallium 68 DOTANOC PET-CT scan 178f
Gas gangrene 202
Gastric erosions: drugs 3
Gastric outlet obstruction 102
Gastric ulcer 4f
Gastritis 271
Gastroesophageal reflux disease 113
Gastrointestinal
and renal manifestations 38
bleeding, causes of upper and lower 3t
Gastroscopy 102, 103f
Generic drugs 117
Genes encoding 86
GeneXpert MTB/RIF 90, 92, 93, 94
Genotypic assays 95
Gentamycin 127
Gestational diabetes mellitus 18
Giardia lamblia 10, 11
Giardiasis 9
Glargine 21, 24
Glasgow Coma Scale 215, 252
Glasgow-Blatchford score 2, 3t
Glimepiride 223
Gliptin 227
Glomerular damage 221
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist 225, 226
Glucocorticoids 243
Glucose profile 44
Glucose tolerance test 31t
Glutamate oxaloacetate transferase, serum 176
Glutamate pyruvate transferase, serum 176
Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum 212
Glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum 82, 83, 212
Glutathione 67
Glycated hemoglobin 44, 224
Glycemic control 225
Glycine binding 101
Glycogen hepatopathy 184
Gram stain 107
Graves’ disease 27, 28
investigations 28
treatment 28
Grocott methenamine-silver stain 52
Guillain-Barré syndrome 157, 212, 250
Gynecomastia 56
H
Haemophilus influenzae 138
Hand deformity 129f
Hand hygiene 118
Hands, radiograph of 130f
Harris platelet syndrome 141
Hearing loss 214
Heart failure 135
left 113
Helicobacter pylori 5
Hematemesis 38
Hematochezia 38
Hematology autoanalyzer 141, 142
Hemiparesis, acute 274
Hemodialysis 269
Hemodilution, effect of 2
Hemodynamic response 1
Hemoglobin 169
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 143
diagnosis of 144b
secondary 143
Hemophagocytosis 144f
Hemostatic imbalance 128
Hepatitis C virus 82
Hepatotoxicity 66
Herpes zoster 81
Hirata's disease 148
treatment 149
Hirayama disease 55, 56, 58
differential diagnosis 56
rare neurological disease 55
treatment 57
Homocysteine metabolism 220
Hook erosions 131
Hormonal and radiological parameters 173t
Hospital, management in 19
Human immunodeficiency virus 79, 82, 84, 164, 200, 242, 249, 275
management 79
testing algorithm 80
Human insulin 20
desensitization 22
Human leukocyte antigen 196
Huntington's disease 165
Hydroxyzine 245
Hyperaldosteronism
clinical signs of 172
primary 260
Hypercarbia 190
Hypercellular marrow 144f
Hypercoagulable disorders 132
Hypercoagulable state 127
Hyperexcitation 122
Hyperglycemia 185
Hyperhidrosis 123
Hyperhomocysteinemia 218
Hyperintensity marrow changes 194f
Hyperparathyroidism, primary 257
Hypertension 36, 216
causes of 260
primary 260
secondary 153
Hyperthyroidism 205
differential diagnosis for pyrexia of unknown origin 204
Hypochromic anemia 15
Hypoglycemia 149, 185, 190, 191
evaluation of 149fc
recurrent 148
time of 32
Hypoglycemic agents, oral 18
Hypokalemia 76, 153, 263
severe 155
Hypokalemic
paralysis 248
periodic paralysis 249
quadriparesis 69, 248
Hyponatremia 190, 191
Hypopigmented patches 60f
Hypotension 191
Hypothermia 126
Hypoxia-hypercarbia 191
I
Iatrogenesis, case of 243
Idiopathic primary vasculitis of aorta 152
Illness 235
Immune complex-mediated 25
Immune thrombocytopenia 141
Immunofixation electrophoresis 196
Immunoglobulin 36, 37, 209
Immunoglobulin M 249
Immunoglobulin therapy 159
Immunohistochemistry 159
Immunoproliferative small intestinal 9
Immunosuppressive drugs 38, 141
Immunotherapy, specific 22
Incidentaloma 158
Indigo and Indirubin, formation of 16
Indomethacin 14
Infectious meningoencephalitis 275
Inflammatory bowel disease 79
Inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, acute 248
Inflammatory diseases 9t
Infliximab 209
Inherited giant platelet disorder 142
Initiativeness, lack of 164
Injudiciously steroids, use of 141
Insomnia 123
Insulin allergy 24
clinical presentation of 20
management of 21
mechanism 20
mild cases of 21
prevalence of 18
severe 22
types of 21
Insulin autoimmune syndrome 30, 148, 150t
case report 30
Insulin dose 19
during desensitization 19t
Insulin initiation, comorbidities for 223
Insulin therapy 186
Insulin to C-peptide ratio 150
Insulinoma 31, 32
Insulinoma syndrome 150t
Intense exercise 120
Intensive care unit 15
Interesting gastric outlet obstruction 102
Internal carotid artery 218, 219
Internal transcribed spacer 52
International Diabetes Federation 226
International normalized ratio 270
Interstitial edema, bilateral 110f
Interstitial nephritis 110
Interventricular septal thickness 261
Intracranial pressure, raised 163
Intravascular volume 2
Intriguing infections 48
diagnosis 49
treatment 49
Irritable bowel syndrome, case of 79
Ischemic heart disease 40, 127
Ischemic stroke, acute 275
Isoniazid 90, 92
Isonicotinic acid hyadrazide 90
Italian Society for Haemostasis and Thrombosis 128
Ivermectin 117, 118
J
Jaccoud's arthritis 130
causes of 130f
Jaccoud's arthropathy 131
Japanese encephalitis 254
Jugular venous pressure 187
K
Kaposi sarcoma 81
Kayser-Fleischer ring 35
Ketones production 185
Ketosis activates 185
Ketotifen 245
Kidney biopsy 237, 239f
Kidney damage 120
acute 237
differential diagnosis of 110
chronic 224, 225
symptoms of 120
Klebsiella oxytoca 15
Klebsiella pneumoniae 15, 202
Kumaon region 213
L
Lactate dehydrogenase deficiency 120
Lactic acidosis 65
Lamivudine 82
Language problem 164
Leflunomide 138
Leprosy 52, 60
musculoskeletal manifestation 62b
relapse in 63b
Leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated 99
Leukoencephalopathy 219
Levocetirizine 245
Liebermann-Burchard test 244
Life-threatening manifestations 38
Limb claudication 135
Linezolid 127
Lipid panel 44
Lipid profile 223
Lipoprotein
high-density 41
low-density 41
Lispro protamine 21, 24
Liver enzymes 212
Liver function test 72, 83, 117, 154, 204, 212, 241, 269
hepatitis Eon annual follow-up with 117
Lopinavir 83
Loratadine 245
Lorazepam 123
Lower limb 70
Lower motor neuron 55
Lucio leprosy 62
Lumbar puncture 241
Lumbar spondylosis 104f
Lung
atelectasis of 126
collapsed 113
Luteinizing hormone 173, 176
Lymph nodes 143
multiple 177
Lymphoma 9, 52, 81
Lymphoproliferative disorder 159
Lyon's hypothesis 147
M
Magnetic resonance imaging 196, 219, 253
Main coronary artery, left 114
Malabsorption 11t
secondary, clinical manifestations 9t
tests to confirm 11
Malignant cells 241
Mallory-Weiss tear 3
Mantoux test 200, 204
Maturity-onset diabetes of young 86
Mauriac syndrome 185, 186
in type 1 diabetes mellitus 182
McArdle's disease 120
Mean corpuscular volume 141
Mean platelet volume 141
Mediastinal widening 158f, 177f
Medulla oblongata 43f
Meningitis 98
Menstrual cycles, irregular 146
Meropenem 127
Metabolic alkalosis 263
Metacarpophalangeal joints 60
Metformin 117, 223, 227
Methotrexate 123, 138
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 218, 219
case management 219
differential diagnosis 219
Micronutrient deficiency 9
Microspora 10
Miller Fisher syndrome 157
Miltefosine 50
Mini-mental state examination 164
Mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase 66
Mixed connective tissue disease 207
Monocular blindness 221
Monogenic diabetes 86
diagnostic journey of 86
Monomelic amyotrophy 55, 56
Montelukast 245
Montreal cognitive assessment 164
Morganella morganii 15
Morvan syndrome 123
Morvan's fibrillary chorea 122
Morvan's syndrome 122
Motor neuron disease 55
Motor system examination 70
Moyamoya disease 219
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 237
Multiple pathologies and polypharmacy 193
Muscle bulk, inspection of 70
Muscle power 75
Muscle tenderness 120
Muscle tissue breakdown 120
Muscle wasting 10
Musculoskeletal component 193
Musculoskeletal pains 196
Myalgias 120, 135
Myasthenia gravis 156, 159
Myasthenic crisis 159, 160
Mycobacteria growth indicator tube
Mycobacterium leprae 62
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 90
Mycophenolate mofetil 138
Myocardial infarction 40
Myocardial ischemia 43
Myoglobin 120
Myokymia 123
Myxedema coma 190, 191
management of 191
N
Naegleria fowleri 51
Naegleria species trophozoites 49f
Nalidixic acid 127
Navigational problem 164
Neck muscle 70t
Necrotizing pancreatitis, acute 257, 258f
Neonatal diabetes mellitus 86
Neoplastic etiology 170
Nephropathy 88
Nephrotoxicity 66
Nerve conduction
studies 57, 212
velocity 71, 157
Netilmicin 127
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome 215
Neurologic monitoring 98
Neurologic symptoms 135
Neurological examination 274t
Neuropathic pain 123
Neuropathy 88
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus 210
Neurosarcoidosis 275
Nitrofurantoin 127
Nitroglycerine 127
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 184
Noncaseating granuloma 62f
Noncontrast computed tomography 190, 241
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 102
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 38
Norflox 127
Nucleic acid amplification test 82, 90
O
Obstructive sleep apnea 36
Ofloxacin 127
Oligoarthritis 62
Olopatadine 245
Ophthalmic examination 205
Organic disease 8
Orthostatic hypotension 123
Oxacillin 127
Oxcarbazepine 266, 267
P
Pain, severe 36
Pancreatitis
acute 257
chronic 9
Panhypopituitarism-hypothyroidism 190
Papular pruritic eruption 81
Paracetamol 205
level, serum 271
Paracetamol poisoning 272
acute 269
case of 270
effect of over dose 273
level in plasma 269
nomogram 272f
over dose 269, 272
related asked questions 272
uncommon complication 269
Parasitic infections 10
Paravertebral abscess 168
Parkinson's disease 193
Parkinsonian features 216
Pedal edema 61f
Pentoxifylline 127
Peptic ulcers 3, 113
Percheron infarction, artery of 252
Perigastric lymph nodes, multiple 103f
Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies 231
Periodic acid-Schiff stain 52, 171f, 184
Perioral region 56
Peripheral arterial disease 221
Peripheral arterial thromboembolism 125
Peripheral demyelination 212
Peripheral distal arterial thrombosis 127
Peripheral neuropathy 9, 193
Persistent oral candidiasis 81
Phenacetin 14
Pheniramine maleate 245
Phenothiazine 14
Phenytoin 14
Piperacillin 127
Planning and organized activities, loss of 164
Plasma glucose, self-measured 227
Plasmapheresis 123, 209
Platelet count 169
Pleural effusion 108
left-sided 126f
mild bilateral 239f
Pleural fluid 107
analysis 106
culture sensitivity report 127t
Pneumocystis jirovecii 81, 138
Poliomyelitis 56
Polymerase chain reaction technology 91
Polymorphism 220
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration 36
Polyneuropathies 212
Positron emission tomography 165f, 178, 194, 195
Postpolio syndrome 57
Postsynaptic autoimmune disorder, chronic 156
Potassium supplementation 72
Prandial insulin 227
Pregnancy test 82
Presyncopal episodes 98f
Promethazine 245
Prostate
measuring, enlarged 193
MRI of 194f
specific membrane antigen 194, 195
Protamine 25
Protein malabsorption 9
Proteus species 15
Providencia rettgeri 15
Providencia stuartii 15
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15
Psychosis 101
Ptosis, bilateral 253f
Pulmonary artery 133
Pulmonary function test 244
Pulmonary hypertension, mild 110
Pulse methylprednisolone 231
Purple urinary bag syndrome 14
Pyrazinamide 92
Pyrexia of unknown origin 201
Q
Quinine dihydrochloride 241
R
Radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging 44
Rebleeding, risk of 4t
Reflex examination 70
Reflexes, superficial 70
Refractory heart failure 187
Remdesivir 118
Renal disease 111f
Renal function test 126, 270
Renal toxicity 269
Renal tubular acidosis 72, 75
manage 77
type 1 229
types of 76
Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India 226
Resistant hypertension 260
Resorcinol 14
Respiratory examination 236
Respiratory symptoms 135
Retinopathy 88
Retroperitoneal lymph nodes 193
Revealed koilonychia 7
Rhabdomyolysis 119, 120
diagnosis 120
etiology 120
investigations 119
treatment 120
Rheumatoid arthritis 204, 207
mimic 129
Rheumatoid factor levels 31
Rheumatological symptoms to leprosy 60
Rhinoscleroma 52
Rhinosporidiosis 52
Rickettsial infections 213
Rifampicin 14, 50, 90, 92
resistance, detection of 90
Rigidity 216
Rituximab 123, 209
Road less travelled 156
S
Salivary gland biopsy 75f
Schirmer's test 72
Scleroderma 207
Sclerosis, multiple 275
Scrub infection 212
Scrub typhus 213
Seborrheic dermatitis 81
Seizure-specific abnormalities 265
Sensory examination 70
Sensory system 274
Sepsis, severe 127, 128
complication of 125
Septic arthritis 62
Septic shock 125, 127
Sinoatrial 43
Sitagliptin 117
Sjögren's syndrome 69, 207
diagnose 76
manifestation of 69
prevalence of 69
primary 69, 72
secondary 69
Skin prick test 244
Social distancing 118
Sodium and potassium, serum 169
Sodium bicarbonate 65
solution 72
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 225, 226
Somatic protein 9
Somatostatin receptor 178
Space occupying lesion 178
Spinal muscular atrophy 56
Splenic and hepatic abscesses 199
Spondyloarthropathy 62
Spontaneous nonclostridial gas gangrene 202
Status epilepticus 98, 101
Steroid-sparing agent 137
Stomatitis 10
Streptococcus species 15
Stress testing 44
Stress ulcers 3
Stroke 40
prevention 218
Strongyloides 10
Subcortical infarcts 219
Subphylum 51
Sulfasalazine 14
Sulfonylurea 225
Supranuclear palsy, progressive 165
Swollen hands and feet 62
Systemic corticosteroid 243
Systemic examination 204
Systemic glucocorticoids 137
Systemic hypertension 110
Systemic lupus erythematosus 129, 207
Systemic lupus erythematosus 275
T
Tachycardia 122
Takayasu arteritis 132, 151, 152
classification of 136f, 136t, 136
clinical features 135
differential diagnosis 132
imaging 135
management 136
medical management 137
pulmonary manifestations of 137
treatment 137
Targetoid lesion 37f
Tazobactam 241
Tenofovir 82, 83
Tenosynovitis 62
Thalamic infarction, bilateral 253f, 254
Thalamoperforate branches 254f
Thalamus 252
Thalidomide, use of 172
Thiazolidinedione 225
Thrombocytopenia, diagnose 141
Thrombocytosis 126
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 144
Thromboxane 128
Thymic neuroendocrine tumor 175
Thymoma 123, 158f, 159
histopathology of 159
Thyroid carcinoma 27, 28
Thyroid function tests 28, 35, 44
Thyroid malignancy 27
Thyroid-stimulating hormone 176
Tinea corporis 176f
Titration 223
inertia 224
recommendation on 227t
Tobramycin 127
Tocilizumab 118
Tongue, fasciculations of 56
Total iron-binding capacity 92
Total leukocyte count 83, 275
Trachea, candidiasis of 81
Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease 144
Triamterine 14
Tricarboxylic antidepressants 68
Tricuspid regurgitation 187
Tropical sprue 9, 10
Trucut biopsy histopathology 177f
Trypsinogen activation 258
Tubercular meningitis 241
Tuberculosis 168, 199
global burden of 90
multidrug-resistant 90
Tuberculous meningitis 242
Tubulointerstitial nephritis 69
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha 277
U
Upper and lower limbs, distal muscle of 70t
Upper gastrointestinal 2
Upper limb 70
Upper motor neuron, signs of 55
Urinary bag 15f
Urination, causes of decreased 236t
Urine analysis 72
Urine anion gap 72
Urology perspective 197
V
Valvular heart disease 127
Vancomycin 127
Vascular dementia 166
Vascular endothelial growth factor 174
Vasculitides 132
Vasculitis 52, 132
Venereal disease research laboratory 82
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 65
Ventricular ejection fraction, left 66
Ventricular hypertrophy, left 187
Ventricular systolic dysfunction, left 239
Vertebral arteries 220
Vesiculobullous lesions 37f, 38
Vildagliptin 223
Viral hepatitis 184, 271
Visceral protein 9
Visual blurring 70
Visual impairment 135
Vital signs 98, 236
Vitamin B12 141
Vitamin C 14
Vitamins deficiencies 166
Voglibose 117
von Willebrand disease 146
von Willebrand gene 147
W
West Nile virus encephalitis 254
Whipple's disease 9, 10
Whole blood clotting test 71
Wilson's disease 34, 35, 184, 255
diabetes, case report 34
investigations 35
treatment 35
X
Xerophthalmia 9
Xpert MTB/RIF 90, 91, 94, 170
Z
Zidovudine 83
Ziehl-Neelsen staining 91, 92, 199
×
Chapter Notes

Save Clear

Interesting Clinical Cases in Medicine
Interesting Clinical Cases in Medicine
Editors-in-Chief KK Pareek MD FICP FFIACM FACP FRCP (Glasg, Edin, Lond) FGSI FRSSDI Senior Consultant in Medicine Head of the Department of Medicine and Director SN Pareek Memorial Hospital, Kota, Rajasthan, India Past President – Association of Physicians of India Girish Mathur MD FICP FRCP (Edin, Glasg, Lond) FACP FRSSDI FIACM Fellow Diabetes, India Senior Consultant in Medicine Alka Diagnostic Centre, Kota, Rajasthan, India President Elect – Association of Physicians of India Foreword Yash Pal Munjal
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd
Headquarters
EMCA House
23/23-B, Ansari Road, Daryaganj
New Delhi 110 002, India
Landline: +91-11-23272143, +91-11-23272703
+91-11-23282021, +91-11-23245672
E-mail: jaypee@jaypeebrothers.com
Corporate Office
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.
4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj
New Delhi 110 002, India
Phone: +91-11-43574357
Fax: +91-11-43574314
E-mail: jaypee@jaypeebrothers.com
Overseas Office
JP Medical Ltd.
83, Victoria Street, London
SW1H 0HW (UK)
Phone: +44-20 3170 8910
Fax: +44(0)20 3008 6180
E-mail: info@jpmedpub.com
Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com
Website: www.jaypeedigital.com
© 2022, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
The views and opinions expressed in this book are solely those of the original contributor(s)/author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of editor(s) of the book.
All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers.
All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
Medical knowledge and practice change constantly. This book is designed to provide accurate, authoritative information about the subject matter in question. However, readers are advised to check the most current information available on procedures included and check information from the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose, formula, method and duration of administration, adverse effects and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner to take all appropriate safety precautions. Neither the publisher nor the author(s)/editor(s) assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from or related to use of material in this book.
This book is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in providing professional medical services. If such advice or services are required, the services of a competent medical professional should be sought.
Every effort has been made where necessary to contact holders of copyright to obtain permission to reproduce copyright material. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publisher will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. The CD/DVD-ROM (if any) provided in the sealed envelope with this book is complimentary and free of cost. Not meant for sale.
Inquiries for bulk sales may be solicited at: jaypee@jaypeebrothers.com
Interesting Clinical Cases in Medicine / KK Pareek, Girish Mathur
First Edition: 2022
9789354657795
Printed at:
This book is dedicated to our patients who taught us medicine in real sense and to postgraduates who are cornerstone of this learning process.
EDITORS MEMBERS EDITORIAL BOARD FOREWORD
Yash Pal Munjal
I am extremely happy to note that a book on “Interesting Clinical Cases in Medicine“ is being published by stalwarts of the Association of Physicians of India (API)—Dr KK Pareek and Dr Girish Mathur.
Many a times in our day-to-day practice patient's illness poses a challenge for the diagnosis because of its atypical symptoms and different presentations and these clinical cases teach us an important lesson and play a crucial role in our clinical learning process.
The contributors of the case reports in this book are great names in medicine, clinicians of great repute and have expertise in their subjects, and have contributed interesting cases which they have come across in their life. The approach to the diagnosis and management of each case is a matter of their expertise and experience. Going through these cases will be a good learning for postgraduates and also for clinicians who are engaged in patient care.
I hope this book “Interesting Clinical Cases in Medicine” will be a welcome and unique addition to the existing literature in medicine.
Yash Pal Munjal MD FICP
Interim Director, Physicians Research Foundation
Past Editor-in-Chief, API Textbook of Medicine
Past Dean, Indian College of Physicians
Past President, Association of Physicians of India
PREFACE
KK Pareek
Girish Mathur
With time, medical and clinical knowledge and technologies are continuously evolving and at the same time teaching methodology imparting education and knowledge is also undergoing a dynamic change.
Although traditional lectures and classroom teaching are still the most commonly adopted way of learning but to impart critical learning skills in clinical medicine, case-based learning has emerged as an important tool of learning and teaching.
The idea behind bringing out this book ”Interesting Clinical Cases in Medicine” comprising interesting clinical cases in different specialty of medicine is to help practicing physicians in general, and postgraduate students in particular, to learn clinical medicine through case-based discussion.
Contributors of case reports in the book are eminent clinicians of great repute from different parts of the country. We take this opportunity to extend our sincere thanks and gratitude to all of them for their outstanding academic contribution to our endeavor.
We hope this book will be of some help to practicing physicians and also to postgraduates in their learning process of clinical medicine and through them to their patients as well.
KK Pareek
Girish Mathur
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We have a special note of sincere thanks to Shri Jitendar P Vij (Group Chairman) and Mr Ankit Vij (Managing Director) M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, India for all their help and support in printing this book.
We are highly thankful to Dr Richa Saxena (Associate Director—Professional Publishing) and Ms Upasana Kak (Development Editor), Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd for their sincere efforts in giving final shape of this book.
We also express our sincere thanks to Dr GD Ramchandani, Dr Jyotirmoy Pal, Dr Puneet Saxena, Dr Sanjiv Maheshwari, Dr Mukesh K Sarna, Dr Ashutosh Chaturvedi, Dr Meenaxi Sharda, and Dr Swati Srivastava for their valuable editorial help.
Our thanks and appreciation are also due to the members of the editorial office Mr Ajay Sharma and Mr Vishal Pancholi for their hard work and support.
CONTRIBUTORS