A
Acetabular fractures 262
Acetabular landmark 176
Acetabular region 175
Acromioclavicular joint 36f
Acromion process 247
Adhesive pad 194f
Adjacent endplate edema 42f
Advance catheter 296
Advanced pain management 289
Allergic reactions 60
Anaphylactoid reaction 60
Anemia 54
general 69f
Annular fibers 309f
Anterior abdominal wall 258
Anterior syndesmotic ligaments 35f
Antibiotic wash 297
Appendectomy 103
Arachnoiditis 63
Ataxia 98
Atomic Energy Regulatory Board 46
Australia antigen 54
Axial scan technique 253
Axilla 309
Axon abnormalities 63
B
Backpain 283
Balloon compression 69f
Bending needle tip, advantage of 227
Bifid root 244
Bladder tumor 235
Bony Bankart lesion 42f
Bony structures 3
Bow-tie appearance 33f
Bronchospasm 60
Bucket-handle tear 43f
Burger's disease 232
Burns, bipolar 158
Buttock muscles 284f
C
C spine, parts of 89f
basic information 210
causes 210
injection 210
physiotherapy 210
procedure 210
repetitive trauma 210
treatment 210
Calcaneocuboid joint injection 37f
Calcaneofibular ligament 35f
Calcium, aspiration of 37f
Calf muscles 285f
Carbohydrate 60
Carbolic acid 63
Cardiac device 132
Cardiovascular collapse 60
Carpometacarpal joint injection 37f
Caudal epidural
block 146
contraindications 146
equipement and supplies 146
indications 146
medications 146
procedure 146
injection 127f
Caudal vertebra 300
Cavity creating device 319
Cefuroxime 299
Cellulitis 294
Central canal stenosis, severe 41f
Cervical radiculopathy 291
Cervical radiofrequency denervation 91
Cervical segments 72
Cervical somatic referral pattern 82f
anteroposterior of 21f
magnetic resonance imaging of 29f
radiograph anteroposterior projection 27f
sequence 40f
Cervical vertebra 244f
Cervix, tumors of 235
Chemical neurolytic agents 59
Chemotoxic reactions 60
Clotting time 54
Coccydynia 179
Coccygeal nerve block 179
advanced options 179
complications 179
equipment 179
indications 179
medications 179
procedure details 179
treatment options 179
Coccygectomy 179
Coccygodynia 179
Colon, metastatic tumors of 235
Complete blood count 54
Compression test 170
Computed tomography 55
Coronal proton-density fat 42f
Cortical bone 56
Cortisol 60
C-spine model 16f
CT-guided celiac plexus block 225
complications 225
contraindications 225
drugs and concentration 225
indications 225
procedure 225
D
Deltoid ligament 35f
Depression, cardiac 60
Digital infrared thermal imaging 58
Disc
access 15f
forceps, insertion of 308f
height, sever loss of 129f
herniation, recurrent 299
posterior one-third of 306f
removal forceps 309f
space, middle of 8f
Distraction test 170
Dorsal heel spur 210
Dorsolumbar spine, anteroposterior view of 55f
Double posterior cruciate ligament 43f
Drugs, steroid group of 59
Dual-diagnostic fluoroscopic-guided local anesthesia 156
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry 55
Dural puncture, high-risk of 129
Dysesthesias 62
E
Eighth cervical nerve root 249
Electrodiagnostic studies 57
Electromyography 57
Electronic media 58
Endoscope, insertion of 307f
Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation 179
Epicondylitis, lateral 197
Epidural injection 39f
Epidural needle 130f
Ethyl alcohol 62
Extensor digitorum 285
External defibrillator 132
External oblique 260
F
Faber test 170
Failed back syndrome 111
Fentanyl 61
Fifth cervical vertebra
anterior tubercle of transverse process of 250
posterior tubercle of transverse process of 250
transverse process of 250
Flexor digitorum superficialis 198
Fluoroscopic assisted procedures 165f
Fluoroscopic screening 91
Foraminal stenosis 40f
Foraminoplasty 300
Foraminotomy 305f
Fossa, supraclavicular 252f
Fourth cervical nerve root 250
Fracture, endplate 317f
Frostbite 232
G
Gaenslen test 170
Gait, abnormal 210
Gastrografin 59
Gauge spinal needle 136f
Glucocorticoids 60
Gluteal cleft 275f
Guidewire, insertion of 305f
H
Half-in-half-out technique 308
Hamstring muscles 285f
Head and neck 65
Headache 60
Heating spinal hardware, risk of 132
Heel spurs, symptoms of 210
Hemogram 175
Hernia repairs 258
Herniated disc 309
Herpes zoster 232
High osmolar contrast media 59
High-energy electromagnetic radiation 44
High-resolution computer tomography 55
Hip 175
arthroscopy 262
fractures, acute pain for 276
joint 276
injection 200
ipsilateral 165f
replacement 262
Humeral head 38f
Hydrocortisone 61
Hyperechoic articular process 256f
Hyperhidrosis 232
Hypertonic saline 62
Hypervolemia 60
Hypotension 253
I
Iatrogenic complication 235
Ileum 176
Iliac bone 272f
Iliac spine
Ilio-pubic ramus 277
Ilium 173f
Impar block, ganglion of 238
Inadvertent intravascular injection 270
Inside-out technique 308
Intercostal drop technique 106f
Intercostal muscle 285
Intercostal nerve block 103
complications 103
contraindications 103
equipment and drugs 103
indications 103
procedure details 103
Interlaminar cervical epidural block 79
contraindications 79
indications 79
medications used 79
risks 79
Interlaminar lumbar epidural block 109
Interlaminar lumbar epidural steroid injection 109
contraindications 109
equipment and supplies 109
indications 109
medications 109
procedure 109
Internet explosion, era of 52
Interventional minimally invasive techniques 298
Intervertebral disc 15f
Intervertebral foraminal ligamentum 300
Intra-articular pathologies 200
Intrapleural block 105
contraindications 105
drugs and concentration 105
equipment 105
indications 105
procedure details 105
sizes of needle 105
types 105
Intrathecal catheter 296f
Intrathecal implants, implantation of 55
Intrathecal injection 112
Ionic contrast media 60f
Isteropac 59
L
Laminectomy, left 42f
Landmark technique 193
Lateral femoral condyle 43f
Latissimus dorsi 285
Limbs 291
Linea semilunaris 259
Liver 223
Local steroid injections 210
Longus coli 219
Low osmolality contrast media 59
Lower limb surgery, surgical anesthesia for 270
Lower lumbar vertebra 8f
Lower thoracic caudal tilt 6f
Lower trunk 251
Low-volume extension tubing 126f
Lumbar endoscope 307f
Lumbar fluoroscopy 8f
Lumbar intervertebral disc 299
Lumbar lordosis 112f
Lumbar medial branch
block and radiofrequency ablation 132
radiofrequency
denervation 138
neurotomy 132
Lumbar radiofrequency denervation, steps for 138
Lumbar spondylosis 123f
Lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections 121
Lymph edema 57
Lymphadenopathy, aortic 223
M
Malignancy 317
Mandibular nerve 287
Medial longissimus 284
Medial meniscus 43f
Medial paravertebral muscles 284
Medical fraternity 58
Medicine, practice of 50
Meningitis 63
Methyl methacrylate 319f
Methylparaben 61
Microdiscectomy 42f
Midazolam 61
Mid-thoracic spine 255f
Morphine 61
Motor stimulation 196f
Multilevel disc-osteophyte bars 40f
Multimodal analgesia, part of 258
Multimodal polypharmacy 59
Multiple myeloma 317
Myelogram 74f
Myelography 56
Myelomatosis 60
Myofascial trigger points 283
N
Nausea 60
Neural foramen 137f
Neurolysis 63
Neurolytic celiac plexus block, complications of 229
Neuropathy 57
Neurostimulation 294
Neurotoxicity, severe 61
Nonopioid medications 294
Nonsteroidal inflammatory drugs 317
Normal electromyography tracings 57f
Nuclear medicine scanning 56
Nucleus, abnormal 308
O
Oblique muscles 286
Obturator nerve 262
Occipital nerve block 98
Opiates 61
Oral morphine 285
Organs, radiation effects of 44f
Orofacial pain syndromes 215
Osteochondral injury 43f
Osteopenia 56
Osteophytes 126f
Osteoporosis 317
Osteoporotic bone 56
Oxygen saturation 52
P
Pacing electrodes 132
Pain 177
block 50
group of 50
maximum relief in 54
physician
magnetic resonance imaging for 40
post-laminectomy 111
post-thoracotomy 105
practice 58
sharp 176
shooting 311
urogenital 232
Pancreas 223
Paracentral disc protrusion, left 148f
Paramedian sagittal trident view approach 266
Parasacral sciatic nerve block 270
Parasympathetic nervous systems 238
Partial lower extremity paralysis 235
Patella, medial aspect of 43f
Pelvic hematoma formation 270
Peng block 278
Percutaneous balloon compression 67
Periodontal disease 57
Peripheral blocks 191
Peripheral vascular disease 232
Peroneal nerve 209
Personnel monitoring devices 46
Phantom limb 232
Phenol 63
Pheochromocytoma 60
Physical therapy 198
Piriformis tendon 175
Plantar fasciitis 210
Platelet-rich plasma 197
Pleural puncture 253
Polymethyl methacrylate 317
Popliteal nerve 208f
block 206
basic information 206
complications 207
contraindications 206
drugs 206
equipment 206
indications 206
preprocedure preparation 206
Post-annulus dissection 311f
Postcontrast injection static image 126f
Post-laminectomy syndrome 291
Post-traumatic syndromes 215
Prilocaine lignocaine mixture, application of 283
Probe, placement of 274f
Prostate malignancy 235
Protein 60
Pseudo-joint provoked concordant pain 15f
Pseudomeningocele 129f
Pubic ramus, superior 276
Pulsed radiofrequency procedure 177
Pump in situ 297f
Puncture skin 161f
R
Racz procedure 130
Radiation
biological effects of 44fc
detection 46
effects of 45f
exposure 45fc
cardinal rules of 46f
equipment 47
principles of 46
types of 44
Radiotherapy, low-dose 210
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy 58
Refractory shoulder joint pain 193
Renal toxicity 60
Rhomboids 285
Right transforaminal lumbar epidural block 116f
S
Sacral ala 157
Sacral foramen 160f
Sacral nerve stimulation 185
Sacral plate, posterior 161f
Sacral promontory 236
Sacral roots, treatment of 179
Sacral segments 72
Sacrococcygeal ligament 146
Sacroiliac fusion, right 171f
fusion 170
contraindications 170
indications 170
types of 170
injection 14f
bilateral 39f
lower end of 13f
medial border of 158f
neuroanatomy of 156
pain 153
radiofrequency denervation 156
Sedation 232
Sepsis 294
Serratus anterior 285
Sexual dysfunction 234
Shin muscles 285f
Sickle cell anemia 60
Simple myofascial pain syndrome 285
Sims’ position 271f
Sixth cervical vertebra
anterior tubercle of transverse process of 250
posterior tubercle of transverse process of 250
Skeleton, anatomy on 193f
Sleeve, passing of 306f
Spinal hardware 132
Spinal quadrant, anterior 72
Spinal stenosis, moderate-to-severe 129f
Spinalis multifidus 284
Spinolaminar line 80f
Spleen 223
Spondylolisthesis 41f
Square off vertebral endplate 6f
Square vertebral endplates 113f
Staphylococcus aureus 303
Stellate ganglion 285
anatomy of 215f
contraindications 215
indications 215
ultrasound-guided block of 219
Stellate radiofrequency ablation 218f
Sternotomy 103
Stimuplex needle 176f
Stomach 223
Stump pain 232
Subacromial subdeltoid bursa 36f
Subpedicular block 148f
Superior articular
facet 300
Superior gemellus 284
Superior gluteal artery 272
Superior hypogastric plexus block 235
Superior transverse scapular ligament 246
Supraglenoid notch 247
posterior approach landmark identification 246f
injection site of 247f
radiofrequency neurotomy of 193
Supraspinatous tear 42f
Surgeries, abdominal 258
Sympatholysis, evidence of 232
Synovial recess, anterior 201f
T
Thermistor probe 218f
Thermography 57
Thigh thrust test 170
Thoracic spinous process 255
Thoracotomy 103
Thorax 101
Thrombosis 60
Thyrotoxicosis 60
Tibial nerve 209
Tight transforaminal lumbar epidural block 116f
Toxicity 63
Trabecular bone 56
Transducer, parasacral parallel shift of 272f
Transforaminal endoscopic discectomy 298
anatomy 299
complications 299
contraindications 299
drugs 299
indications 298
Transient sciatic neuralgia 270
Trench foot 232
Trident sign 266
Trigeminal ganglion interventions 25
Trigeminal percutaneous balloon compression, equipment for 68f
Trochlear inclination, lateral 57f
Trunk, neuropathic pain of 291
Tubercle, anterior 244f
Tumor, testicular 235
Tunnel catheter 297
U
Ultrasound 204
Ultrasound-guided
technique popliteal block 208
tibiotalar joint injection 37f
transversus abdominis plane block 258
Upper lumbar thoracic caudal tilt 6f
Urinary retention 270
Urografin 59
Uterus, tumors of 235