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BOOK TITLE: Principles and Practice of Assisted Reproductive Technology
Transvaginal ultrasound (US) is a modality of choice for assessment of female genital tract and management of infertile female. Doppler further increases its value as it assesses vascular changes which are representatives of hormonal changes occurring throughout the menstrual cycle. Applications of transvaginal US and Doppler in an infertile female can be divided under two main headings following as diagnosis of abnormalities causing subfertility and cycle assessment. Incidence of congenital uterine abnormalities is 0.1 to 3.8 percent in normal fertile females but reaches 6.7 percent in infertile patients. Cycle assessment consists of baseline scan, preovulatory scan and secretory scan. Hormonal changes occurring during the menstrual cycle are reflected as vascular changes and therefore color Doppler in this assessment is mandatory. 3D US is especially useful for volume measurements.