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Chapter-16 Evaluation of Infertility

BOOK TITLE: Principles and Practice of Assisted Reproductive Technology

Author
1. Rao Kamini A
2. Suresh Sarita
ISBN
9789352705030
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/18020_17
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2019
Pages
20
Author Affiliations
1. Bangalore Assisted Conception Centre, Bangalore, Milann Fertility Centre, Bangaluru, Karnataka, India, Milann—The Fertility Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Milann (A Unit of BACC Health care Private Limited), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Milann (A Unit of BACC Healthcare Pvt Ltd), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Milann (A Unit of BACC, Healthcare Pvt Ltd), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Milann Group of Fertility Centers, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Bengaluru, Milann—The Fertility Center (A Unit of BACC Healthcare Pvt Ltd), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Milann—The Fertility Center (A Unit of BACC Health Care Pvt Ltd), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Bangalore Assisted Conception Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, BACC Health Care Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Bangalore Assisted Conception Center (BACC), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, FOGSI-2001; Bangalore Assisted Conception Center (An ISO 9002 Organization), Karnataka, India, Bangalore Assisted Conception Center
2. Milann—The Fertility Center, (A Unit of BACC Healthcare Pvt Ltd), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Aaradhya Fertility Center, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Chapter keywords
Infertility, pregnancy, medical treatment, male infertility, female infertility, diagnostic evaluation, varicocele, semen analysis, macroscopic examination, microscopic examination

Abstract

Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, noncontracepting couple to achieve spontaneous pregnancy in 1 year. About 15% of couples do not achieve pregnancy within 1 year and seek medical treatment for infertility. This chapter is divided into two sections following as male infertility and female infertility. A male factor is solely responsible in about 20% of infertile couples and contributes in another 30–40% of couples. A male infertility factor is often defined by abnormal semen parameters but may be present even when the semen analysis is normal. Failing to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular and unprotected sexual intercourse is an indication for couples to undergo diagnostic evaluation for infertility. As roughly 85% of couples usually achieve an unassisted natural pregnancy in 12–18 months, around 15% of couples would require evaluation for infertility.

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