The objective of this chapter is to introduce the urinary system. The parts of urinary system are a pair of kidneys and ureters and a urinary bladder and urethra. The organs of the urinary system excrete and eliminate the urine from the body. The production and excretion of urine are important since they are one of the mechanisms which maintain homeostasis in the body. Kidneys are a pair of excretory organs. They remove the waste products of metabolism and excess of water and salts from the blood and maintains its pH. They are retroperitoneal organs lying in the posterior abdominal wall, one on either side of the vertebral column, behind the peritoneum. The ureters are a pair of narrow, thick-walled muscular tubes which convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder is a hollow muscular organ which acts like a reservoir of urine, to collect urine and discharge it out periodically. In this chapter, long essay type and short essay type questions are also provided.