A
Acid secretion 55
Acidosis, type of 55
Adaptor protein 2 sigma subunit 80
Adefovir 44
Adenomas, atypical 75
Adenosine triphosphate 35
Alcoholism 44
Amino acids arginine 39f
Aminoglycoside 44
Ammonium loading test 55
Amphotericin B 55
Amyloidosis 55
Antacids containing calcium 44
Antiepileptic drugs 101
Antiresorptive therapy 137
Antiresorptive treatment, duration of 131
Antiretroviral inhibitor therapy 101
Antisclerostin antibody 139
Apoptosis 3
Aromatase inhibitors 101
Atrial fibrillation 125
B
Berylliosis 66
chemical structure 124
efficacy of 126t
mechanism of action 124
pharmacokinetics 124
therapy, indications for 129t
use 117
Body mass index, high 104
Bone
anabolic agents 119
architecture, tools for measurement of 103
balance 143
steady-state 142
cellular activity 8
densitometry 144
disease
absence of 76
adynamic 121
distribution 1
formation 124
gain 108
health 7
histology 7
loss, process of 108
tools for measurement of 101
matrix 6
metastases 64
mineral
content 29
density measurements 108
mineralization 30
properties 100
conceptual optimal 8f
sequence 2f
transient 142
unit 2
specific alkaline phosphatase 45
structure 1
ultrasound, quantitative 103
vitality of 7
Bradycardia 18
C
Cadmium toxicity 52
Café-au-lait spots 42
Calcitriol dose 47
absorption 53
amounts of 9
balance 143
positive 144
whole-body 11
daily administration of 29
deficiency rickets 52
in kidney 10
intake, low 30
intestinal absorption of 30
ion 118
maintenance of 12
phosphate
homeostasis 51
product 97
proximal tubular reabsorption of 10
renal handling of 10
supplementation
daily 30
effects of 30
Canalicular system connecting 4f
Carcinogenesis 17
Cardiac arrhythmias 88
Cardiomyopathy, dilated 88
Catecholamines 44
Cathepsin K inhibitor 118
Cellular life, vital for 35
Cement cells 2
Central nervous system symptoms 72
Childhood and adolescence, presentation in 80
Chloride channel, mutations in 42
Chloride-phosphate ratio, elevated 81
Cisplatin 44
Coccidioidomycosis 66
Collagen fibers 6
Columnar cells 3
Cortical bone, structure of 2
Creatinine 118
C-terminal telopeptide 143
Cushing's syndrome 101
Cystinosis 42
D
Deformity, areas of 45
Dental involvement 56
Depo-provera 101
Diabetic ketoacidosis 44
Dialysis 72
Dietary allowance 30
Dietary calcium 30
E
Eczema 132
Elemental phosphorus ranging, doses of 47
Enamel hypoplasia 56
Endogenous secretion 10
Enzymatic hydroxylation 16
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 47
Eosinophilia 118
Ergocalciferol 16
Extracellular fluid 9
F
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 80
Familial tumoral calcinosis 43
Fecal excretion 10
Follicle stimulating hormone 93
Foreign body granulomas 66
G
Gallium nitrate 72
Gallstone disease, high prevalence of 79
Gammopathies 10
Gastrointestinal discomfort 118
Gastrointestinal distress 47
Gastrointestinal manifestations 79
Gastrointestinal tract disorder 97
Glomerular filtration rate 43
Glucose infusion 44
Glycosylation 39
G-protein alpha-11 subunit 80
Granulomatous leprosy 66
Growth hormone-releasing hormone 93
Gut absorption 43
H
Headache 118
Hematopoietic progenitors 3
Hemodilution 11
Hemolysis 44
Heparin 101
Hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets 42
Heritable rickets 41
Histiocytosis X 66
Histoplasmosis 66
Homeostatic systems 9
Hormone resistance 93
Human immunodeficiency virus 101
Human magnesium deficiency 12
Human parathyroid hormone 97
Human T-lymphotropic virus 65
Humoral hypercalcemia, syndrome of 63
Hyperbilirubinemia 44
absence of 47
acute
management of 70
treatment of 70
childhood causes of 68
combination of 65
diagnosis of 60
epidemiology of 61
family history of 80
immobilization-induced 67
lithium, medications-induced 67
malignancy
induced 63
management of 71
manifestations of 61
medications-induced 67
mild 136
nonmalignant causes of 81
prevalence of 61
reduces 62
tamoxifen, medications-induced 67
treatment of 70
unusual causes of 69
Hypercalcemic states 10
Hyperglobulinemia 44
Hyperlipidemia 44
Hypermagnesemia 12
Hyperostosis-hyperphosphatemia syndrome 43
Hyperparathyroidism 101
Hyperparathyroidism
asymptomatic primary 83t
causes of primary 76t
diagnosis of 45
in pregnancy, primary 80
pathogenesis of primary 75
tertiary 47
Hyperphosphatemic disorders 43
Hypoalbuminemia 10
clinical manifestations of 88b
diagnosis of true 95
duration of 95
long-term management of 96
prevalence of 87
with critical illness 94
with high serum parathyroid hormone 91
with hypomagnesemia 94
with low serum parathyroid hormone 89
Hypocalcemic disorders 87
Hypocalcemic rickets, types of 54t
Hypogonadism 101
Hypokalemia 55
Hypophosphatemic disorders 41
Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia 56
I
Ifosfamide 44
Imatinib 44
Immune system disorders 17
Inadequate sun exposure 90
Indian Primary Hyperparathyroidism Registry 82
Infantile hypercalcemia, idiopathic 68
Infantile idiopathic hypercalcemia 63
Inflammatory bowel disease 66
Inherited hyperphosphatemic disorders 43
Inorganic free phosphorus 35
Inorganic phosphorus 35
Inorganic pyrophosphatem, generating 41
Intact parathyroid hormone 77
International Society for Clinical Densitometry 103
Intestinal absorption, impaired 44
Intestinal calcium absorption 12
Intestinal disease 12
Intrauterine growth retardation 80
Iron polymaltose infusions 44
Isoforms 40
L
Leucocytosis, severe 44
Leukemias 65
Life-threatening hypercalcemia 72
Linear nevus sebaceous syndrome 42
Lining cells 2
Lipid parameters 113
Liposomal amphotericin B 44
Lumbar spine 139
Luteinizing hormone 93
Lymphomas 65
M
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 64
Macrophage inflammatory protein 64
Malabsorption 101
Malnutrition 101
McCune-Albright syndrome 42
Medullary thyroid cancer 8
Memory loss 118
MEN syndromes 82
Metabolic disorders 3
Metastatic bone disease 3
Micronutrient 12
Monoclonal gammopathy 44
Mucocutaneous candidiasis, development of 91
Musculoskeletal pain 131
Myocardial infarction 118
N
Nephropathic cystinosis 42
Nephrotoxins, use of 55
Nervous system, signs and symptoms of 118
Neuroendocrine tumors 8
Neuromuscular irritability 88
Neuromuscular symptoms 79
Nonbiologic materials 7
Noninherited hyperphosphatemic disorders 43
Nonosseous tissue 35
Nonskeletal effects 19
Nutritional deficiency 90
O
Oily fish 51
Oncogenic osteomalacia 53
Organ system 62
Organism, phosphate for 1
Osseous 35
Osteitis fibrosa cystica, multiple 78f
Osteoblasts 1
Osteocalcin 143
Osteoclasts 1
Osteogenesis imperfecta 101
Osteoglophonic dysplasia 43
Osteoid 2
Osteolytic factors, local 65
Osteoporotic fracture prevention 19
Osteopotegerin 5
P
Pamidronate 71
Pancreatic pseudocyst 79
Pancreatitis, alcoholic acute 12
Parathyroid adenoma 75
Parathyroid glands, abnormal 81
combined 137
effects of 87
independent hypercalcemia 60
causes of 62
induced bone anabolic effects, duration of 136
interaction of 38f
production, authentic 65
receptor 38
related protein 63
analog 138
resistance 92
Pediatric syndromes 63
Peptic ulcer disease 79
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy 48
Peripheral skeleton 103
Phosphate
absorption 37
binders 44
distribution 11
in gut, regulation of 36
in kidney
absorption of 37
regulation of 37
intake of 36
maintenance 11
metabolism, regulators of 40
regulation 4
therapy 47
side effects of 47
tubular
reabsorption of 45
resorption of 45
Phosphaturic hormone 39
Phospholipids 11
Pigment-epithelium derived factor 5
Plicamycin 72
Pluripotential mesenchymal stem cells 4f
Polydipsia 72
Polyuria 72
Potential therapies 140
Premenopausal women 107
Proprotein convertase enzyme 39
Protease inhibitor therapy 101
Proton pump inhibitors 101
Proximal tubular disorder 45
Proximal tubule, apical membrane of 37
Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism 93
Pyrophosphate, mineralization inhibitor 53
R
Raloxifene 113
Reaction, acute phase 130
Red blood cell 9
Renal cell carcinoma 63
Renal complications 130
Renal disease 66
Renal failure 12
Renal proximal tubular cells 37
Renal stone disease, delayed diagnosis of 78
Renal tubular damage 12
Renal tubule sensitivity 62
Respiratory alkalosis 44
Rheumatoid arthritis 101
S
Salicylate poisoning 44
Salt and pepper appearance 78f
Sclerostin neutralizing antibodies 119
Secretory process 39
Seizure 118
Serotonin reuptake inhibitors, selective 101
Serum
alkaline phosphatase, level of 81
concentration, inadequate control of 97
restoration of normal 72
creatinine 47
parathyroid hormone 60
related protein, causes of elevated 65
suppressed 75
pH turns alkaline 60
measurement of 43
nocturnal peaking of 44
phosphorus 81
Sjögren's syndrome 55
Skeletal deformities 76
Skeletal effects 19
Skeletal events, prevention of 61
Skeletal homeostasis 7
Skeletal integrity, maintenance of 7
Skeletal loss 100
Skeletal manifestations 77
Skeletal metastatic bone disease, evidence of 64
Skeletal tissue 1
Sodium fluoride 135
Stomach 10
Subapical endocytic vesicles 37
Systemic hormonal influences 3
T
T-cell leukemia 65
Tenofovir 44
Terminal ileum 10
Thiazolidinediones 101
Trabecular plates 6
Transcellular shift 44
Transmembrane receptors, cytoplasmic domains of 37
Trimethoprim 55
Tuberculosis 81
U
Urinary calcium excretion 68
Urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate 92
Urinary phosphate excretion 39
V
Valproate 55
Venous thromboembolism 118
Vertebral fracture treatment 137
activation, abnormal 92
active metabolite of 37
analogs, active 96
deficiency of 30
discovery and physiology 16
excess and toxicity 18
for bone health 30
health effects of 19
insufficiency, prevalence of 18
levels 111
metabolism 51
nutrition, borderline 29
nutritional status 76
severe deficiency of 30
sources of 23
states, abnormal 91
supplementation with 31
hallmark of 60
rickets 56
severe 91
treating 57
dose of 32
efficacy of 31
D toxicity 43
long-standing 18
food sources of 24t