SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY: PRINCIPLES AND CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY: PRINCIPLES AND CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES
Editors
Rakesh K Chadda MD FAMS FRCPsych
Professor and Head Department of Psychiatry Chief, National Drug Dependence Treatment Center All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi, India
Vinay Kumar MD
Consultant Psychiatrist Manoved Mind Hospital and Research Center
Patna, India
Siddharth Sarkar MD DNB
Assistant Professor Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Center All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi, India
Assistant Editors
Rishi Gupta MD DNB
Senior Resident Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Center All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi, India
Nishtha Chawla MD DNB
Senior Resident Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Center All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi, India
Foreword
NN Wig (Late)
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Social Psychiatry: Principles and Clinical Perspectives
First Edition: 2019
9789352704224
Printed at
- Vivek Agarwal
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- King George's Medical University
- Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Shyam Sundar Arumugham
- Additional Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
- Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Priti Arun
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- Government Medical College and Hospital
- Chandigarh, India
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- Professor and Head
- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
- drajitavasthi@yahoo.co.in
- Debasish Basu
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
- Prakash Balkrishna Behere
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- Dr DY Patil University
- Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
- Aniruddh Prakash Behere
- Pediatric Psychiatrist
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
- Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids
- Michigan, USA
- Clinical Assistant Professor
- Michigan State University
- Michigan, USA
- Rachna Bhargava
- Associate Professor
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug
- Dependence Treatment Center
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Nikita Bhati
- PhD Scholar
- Department of Psychiatry and
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Center
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Ranjan Bhattacharyya
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- Murshidabad Medical College and Hospital
- Murshidabad, West Bengal, India
- Manik Changoji Bhise
- Associate Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- MGM Medical College
- Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
- Dinesh Bhugra
- Emeritus Professor of Mental Health and
- Cultural Diversity
- Institute of Psychiatry
- Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College
- London, UK
- Rituparna Biswas
- Clinical Psychologist
- Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences
- Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Rakesh K Chadda
- Professor and Head
- Department of Psychiatry
- Chief, National Drug Dependence Treatment Center
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Subho Chakrabarti
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical
- Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
- Suhas Chandran
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- Department of Psychiatry
- JSS Medical College and Hospital
- JSS University
- Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Damodar Chari
- Resident
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- Asha Hospital
- Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Ishan Chaudhuri
- Senior Resident
- Department of Psychiatry
- Dr DY Patil Medical College
- Hospital and Research Center
- Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Uday Chaudhuri
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences
- Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- BS Chavan
- Professor and Head
- Department of Psychiatry
- Government Medical College and Hospital
- Chandigarh, India
- Nishtha Chawla
- Senior Resident
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Center
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Anamika Das
- Junior Resident
- Department of Psychiatry
- King George's Medical University
- Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Koushik Sinha Deb
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Anju Dhawan
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug
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- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Deeksha Elwadhi
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- Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
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- BN Gangadhar
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- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
- Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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- Government Medical College and
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- Manju George
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- JSS Medical College and Hospital
- JSS University
- Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
- Subhashini Gopal
- Psychologist
- Schizophrenia Research Foundation
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Sandeep Grover
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of
- Medical Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
- Nitin Gupta
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- Government Medical College and Hospital
- Chandigarh, India
- Rajiv Gupta
- Senior Professor, Director cum CEO
- Institute of Mental Health
- University of Health Sciences
- Rohtak, Haryana, India
- Rishi Gupta
- Senior Resident
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Center
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Sumeet Gupta
- Consultant Psychistrist
- Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys
- NHS Foundation Trust
- Darlington, UK
- Swati Kedia Gupta
- Assistant Professor
- Amity Institute of Behavioral
- Health and Allied Sciences
- Amity University
- Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Gagan Hans
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
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- Department of Clinical Psychology
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
- Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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- Department of Psychiatry
- Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences
- Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
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- Flynn Adult Inpatient Psychiatric Unit
- La Trobe Regional Hospital
- Mental Health Services
- Traralgon, Victoria, Australia
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- Department of Psychiatry
- King George's Medical University
- Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Adarsh Kohli
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- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical
- Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
- Vijay Krishnan
- Former Senior Resident
- Department of Psychiatry
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
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- Chandigarh, India
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- Department of Psychiatry
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- Wellcome Trust/DBT
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- Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya
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- University of Delhi
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- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
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- National Institute of Mental
- Health and Neurosciences
- Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Ritu Nehra
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- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of
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- Chandigarh, India
- R Padmavati
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- Nisha Mani Pandey
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- King George's Medical University
- Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research
- Puducherry, India
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- New Delhi, India
- Varghese P Punnoose
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- Chandigarh, India
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- Department of Psychiatry
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Senior Resident
- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical
- Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
- Siddharth Sarkar
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Psychiatry and
- National Drug Dependence Center
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Pratap Sharan
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
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- Chandigarh, India
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- Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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- Department of Psychiatry
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- Patna, Bihar, India
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- National Drug Dependence Treatment Center
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- New Delhi, India
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- NHS Foundation Trust
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- Central Institute of Psychiatry
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- Department of Psychiatry
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Shiva Prakash Srinivasan
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- Schizophrenia Research Foundation
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Chhitij Srivastava
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- Psychiatry Unit
- Moti Lal Nehru Medical College
- Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Mona Srivastava
- Professor
- Department of Psychiatry
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- VK Srivastava
- Professor
- Department of Anthropology
- University of Delhi
- New Delhi, India
- Abhinav Tandon
- Consultant Psychiatrist
- Dr AKT Neuropsychiatric Center
- Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- R Thara
- Director
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- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Murali Thyloth
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- Department of Psychiatry
- Ramaiah Medical College and Hospitals
- Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- SC Tiwari
- Professor and Head
- Department of Geriatric Mental Health
- King George's Medical University
- Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Adarsh Tripathi
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- Department of Psychiatry
- King George's Medical University
- Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Vijoy K Varma
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- Department of Psychiatry
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical
- Education and Research
- Chandigarh, India
- Sriramya Vemulokonda
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- Asha Hospital
- Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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- Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
Indian Psychiatric Society
It gives us immense pleasure to present to you Social Psychiatry: Principles and Clinical Perspectives, a landmark book on social psychiatry, published under the aegis of the Indian Psychiatric Society. This book is first of its kind with comprehensiveness of a textbook, and as the title goes, covers not only theoretical aspects but also clinical issues including psychosocial management. It has never been possible to understand and practice psychiatry without taking sociocultural paradigms into consideration. This has become more important and more significant in current period due to good and bad effects of globalization related factors like digitization, urbanization, isolation and migration. This book has been conceptualized well and highlights the various psycho-social issues pertinent to the developing world in general, and Indian society and culture in particular. We hope that this publication will be of great help for all the mental health professionals interested in social psychiatry.
The first and foremost objective of the Indian Psychiatric Society is to promote and advance the subject of Psychiatry, and we are sure that the publication of Social Psychiatry: Principles and Clinical Perspectives will further this.
Conceptualizing and editing such a wide range book was a huge task. We appreciate the commitment and hard work put in by the editors. The Indian Psychiatric Society is grateful to all the authors from India and abroad for their valuable academic contribution. We express our sincere thanks to Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, an internationally acclaimed medical publisher, for partnering with us, and producing this book so beautifully. We believe that this book would be a source of pertinent information for both students as well as the practicing mental health professionals.
Long live Indian Psychiatric Society
Dr (Brig) MSVK Raju
President
Dr Ajit V Bhide
Vice-President
Dr Gautam Saha
Hon: General Secretary
Dr Vinay Kumar
Chair: Publication Committee
Foreword
Social psychiatry is essence of psychiatric practice, but has often not received due recognition by the psychiatrists in the background of glamorous biological psychiatry. In the modern day world with advancing technologies, changing societal norms and intermingling of cultures, social psychiatry holds even more importance than before. In this background, the book Social Psychiatry: Principles and Clinical Perspectives fulfills an important scientific need in the field of psychiatry. The book is a comprehensive compendium of chapters related to social psychiatry. The range of chapters demonstrates that the book intends to capture the entire breadth of topics related to social psychiatry. The social psychiatric aspects of various disorders find due space, and so do the various issues related to social psychiatry. It is enthralling to notice that several issues which are particularly relevant to the Indian cultural context (like rural mental health and farmer suicides) find adequate attention in this book.
India has been an active contributor to the social psychiatry movement in the world. I am pleased to see this book as a yet another important contribution to the cause of social psychiatry at the global scale. This well-crafted book provides perspectives from the practicing and academic psychiatrists who cater to a billion plus individuals of the world. With the contributors being leading experts in the field, including Professors Vijoy K Varma, R Srinivasa Murthy, Dinesh Bhugra, BN Gangadhar and many others, the volume has the potential of an important reference source for those in academic centers as well as those in practice. The readership is intended to be wide and the chapters have been kept at a reasonable level of technicality. Hence, readers from diverse backgrounds are likely to be benefited from this book. I expect that this book would find a unique and crucial position in the narrative of social psychiatry. I would also like to compliment the Indian Psychiatric Society and the Editors of the book for bringing out this important volume to the readership.
NN Wig (Late) MD DPM FRCPsych (Hon) FAMS
Emeritus Professor and Former Head
Department of Psychiatry
Postgraduate Institute of Medical
Education and Research
Chandigarh, India
Preface
The book Social Psychiatry: Principles and Clinical Perspectives was conceptualized about a year and half ago by us, Vinay Kumar and Rakesh K Chadda. We had a meeting of a group of interested colleagues during the XXII World Congress of the World Association of Social Psychiatry (WASP 2016) at Hotel the Ashok in December 2016 to discuss the initial proposal. Subsequently the title was finalized. Themes and chapters were finalized over the next 2–3 months. Dr Siddharth Sarkar joined the editorial team in early 2018. We had continued discussions with colleagues and friends for identifying and finalizing the prospective authors as well as the publisher. The Indian Psychiatric Society agreed to publish the book under its banner and Jaypee group was approached and subsequently finalized to publish the book. Here, we would especially like to acknowledge the inputs from Prof Vijoy K Varma, Prof PK Singh, Prof Pratap Sharan, and Prof Nitin Gupta in the initial conceptualization of the book.
This book is divided into 5 sections. gives a brief introduction to the discipline of social psychiatry going into its historical development across the world and in India. The section has also a contribution by Prof Dinesh Bhugra, a Past President of the World Psychiatric Association and an international authority in social psychiatry.
includes conceptual issues on the relationship between mental health and society. It begins with a chapter on the concept of social psychiatry. It then highlights the family and social context in relation to the mental health of the individual. A chapter is included describing biological underpinnings in social psychiatry. Subsequently, social dimensions of behavior and personality development are discussed, along with the social dimension of spiritual health and psychiatric epidemiology. Psychology of sub-populations of the society are presented, and influence of culture, mythology and religion on mental health are delved upon in two subsequent chapters. The section also presents the social psychiatric aspects of marriage and similar affiliations. The visible and invisible stressors, which have a bearing on psychiatric manifestations, are highlighted in a subsequent chapter.
covers the social dimensions of psychiatric disorders. The initial chapter in this section deals with health promotion aspect of evaluating the social well-being and health. Subsequent chapters discern the social psychiatric aspects of individual disorders, including schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, depressive and bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders, somatoform and dissociative disorders, substance use disorders, psychosexual disorders, personality disorders, and suicide and similar behaviors. Disorders in special populations like childhood and adolescent disorders and psychiatric disorders of the elderly are also covered in this chapter. Physical comorbidity in psychiatry, which is a pertinent concern in the holistic management of patients, is also discussed in this section.
expands upon the social interventions that are relevant to the field of social psychiatry. Social support and networking is presented first which highlights the dynamic social networks of the present times. Thereafter, couple therapies, family therapies, and group therapies are discussed. Subsequently, community models of care are presented followed by discussion on the rehabilitation of patients with psychiatric illnesses. Preventive psychiatry, which aims at reducing the incidence and burden of psychiatric disorders is also reviewed in this section. The section concludes by emphasis on cultural interventions for psychiatric disorders.
, the last section, dwells upon the social issues and mental health. The initial chapter here highlights the stigma of mental illness. Thereafter, migration and mental health are discussed. This is followed by psychiatry in the armed forces, where the application of social psychiatry concepts is an interesting reflection. The legislative aspects of mental health, under which the psychiatry is practiced, is presented next. The social impact of terrorism and extremism, which is very important in today's world, is presented thereafter, followed by discussion on mass media, information technology and mental health. Pertinent issues of farmer suicides in India, rural mental health and urban mental health are discussed subsequently. The section concludes with a discussion on globalization, market economy and mental health.
We hope that the wide range of topics related to the social psychiatry would provide a ready composite reference for the readers. Clinicians, researchers, academicians and policy makers are likely to be benefited from this book. The chapters have been contributed by illustrious experts who are renowned figures in their field. This text is likely to be useful for varied mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, mental health nurses, psychiatric social workers, and anyone else who is interested in the field of social psychiatry. This comprehensive compilation would be of interest for both students as well as experts in the field of mental health. We expect that this book provides information and perspective to the readers and contributes to the cause of advancement of social psychiatry.
Social psychiatry has a wide range and multiple interfaces. Due to this reason, we needed experts and academicians not only from the field of psychiatry but also the humanities. We express our sincere thanks to all the authors for their commitment and hard work. We understand that thinking differently and writing on unconventional topics is how much difficult. We are especially grateful to international authors and academic luminaries from humanities for their contribution. Last but not least, leading medical publisher Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers and its enthusiastic team members deserve all praise for quality production of this book.
Rakesh K Chadda
Vinay Kumar
Siddharth Sarkar