A
cutting procedure 108
grinding procedure 108
polishing procedure 108
procedures, types of 108
rate of 108
adequate 211
types of 107
blinding 111
brushes 113
classification of 110
grits 110
classification of 110
hardness of 109
in dentistry, uses of 109
instrument design 110
material, type of 117
motion 113
planar motion 113
reciprocal motion 113
rotary motion 113
natural 113
strips 113
types of 113
Accelerator 542
Acellular cementum 337
Achromatopsia 542
Acidic primers 254
Acidulated phosphate fluoride 495
Acrylic copolymers 208
Acrylic polishing kit 121f
Acrylic prosthesis 116f
Adenosine triphosphate 337
concept of 240
factors influencing 241
mechanisms of 240
steps in formation of 241f
clean surface 241f
close adaptation 241f
curing of adhesive 241f
good bonding 241f
wetting by adhesive 241f
types of 240
Adipocytes 536
Adsorption adhesion 240
Adult stem cells 536
Adverse reaction 542
alginate combination technique 136
diffusion testing 38
advantages 135
applications 133
disadvantages 135
impression materials 133
manipulation of 134
material 136
Air inclusion porosity 200
Air particle abrasion 542
chromatic 142
color indicator 142
composition of 138t
containing disinfectants 142
dispensing of 140
hydrocolloid 139
impression 139
disinfection of 142
material 138f
troubleshooting in 143t
manipulation of 141f
mixing of 140
thickness of 139
Alginic acid, chemical formula of 137f
Alkali metal 397
Alkaline earth metals 397
Alkyl benzoate 134
Allergy 543
Allograft materials 520f
Alloplast, benefits of 520
Alloplastic graft materials 521f
classification of 400
color of 406
delivery system of 229
electrolytic precipitate 349
advantages 349
disadvantages 349
melting range of 463
particles 228
size of 225
pellets 431f
powder, manufacturing of 220
shrinkage 87
strengthening mechanisms 403
type of 401
temperature of 439
Alloying elements, function of 408
Alloying metals, functions of 220
based ceramic, cementation for 392
ceramic 26
modified cements 306
silicate gel, set cement consists of 297f
advantages 104
alloy 219
types of 220f
classification of 219
composition 104
delayed expansion of 226f
disadvantages 104
factors affecting quality of 228
hardening rate 225
non-zinc containing 219
particle geometry 219
polishing of 233f
quality of 223
restoration 218f
carving of 233f
failure 235
polishing of 119f
strength of 224
success of 228
traditional 227f
Amorphous silica, dispersion of 258
Ankylosis 543
Anticariogenicity 319
Antimicrobial activity 478
Apatite 543
Apexification procedure 335
Apical root portion 488f
Argon laser lamp 267
Artiste nano-hybrid composite 288f
Ash's tube teeth 4f
Au-Ag system 399
Austenite 449
Australian Dental Standards Laboratory 7
Auto glaze 543
Auto polymer 543
Autogenous graft 543
Automated mixing equipment 148f
Automatic cartridge 157
Autopolymerizing resin 543
B
Bacitracin 481
Bakelite dentures 174f
Barcol hardness test 31
Barnsdall wax 75
Base forming resin 197
Base paste 164
Basket endosteal dental implant 544
Bench curing, rationale of 190
Beta tricalcium phosphate 497
Beta-tricalcium phosphate 497f
Bezold-Brucke effect 15
Bilayered technique 326
Binary metal alloy 544
Bioactive ceramics 521
Bioadhesion 544
Biocompatible metal 509
Biocompatible tissue implants, bioprinting of 389
Bioinert ceramics 521
Bio-Oss graft material 522f
Bioprinting, essential components of 390f
Bite wax 544
Black's roughened casting 439f
Blue inlay casting wax 77f
Body porcelain 366
Bonded-base technique 282
advantages of 240
classification of 250
fifth-generation 253f
fourth-generation 252f
functions of 243
seventh-generation 254f
sixth-generation 253f
use of 240
evolution of 239
chemical bonding 368
compressive forces 367
mechanical interlocking 367
type of 294
resin, application of 281
type of 10
Bone factors 513
Bone morphogenetic proteins 533
Boric acid 464
Boric oxide 365
Bowen's resin 258
Brilliant coltene 287
Brinell and Rockwell test 28
Brittle materials 26f
Brush heap structure 139f
Buehler test 40
Bulk discoloration 269
Bur 545
Butyl benzene 483
Butylated hydroxytoluene 262
C
Calcific barrier formation 337
Calcium
aluminate 320
carbonate 465
enriched mixture 489
fluoride 312
acts 312
applications 335
cavity 335f
cement 46t
pH of 481
root canal sealer paste 338f
monofluorophosphate 340
phosphate 521
cement 545
polyalkenoate complex 315
sulfate 523
bone graft material 523f
hemihydrate 59
tungstate 336
Calibration, type of 485
Cancer cells 535
Candida albicans, colonization of 204
Cantilever array sensors 534
Capillary assisted technology 373
Caprylate sodium 481
Captek crowns 373f
Captek system 373
Carbamide peroxide 503
Carboxylic acid 168
Carius dentin, remineralization of 337
Cast 545
care for 68
components 471f
disinfectant for 68f
joining technique 470
metal 363
partial denture 416f
frameworks 407t
Castable ceramic crowns 379f
Castable glass ceramic 379
Castable porcelain 363
accuracy 411
different 29t
for all metal 407t
mechanical properties of 407t
requirements for 405
type of 407
types of 431
classification of 438
discoloration 438
distortion 438
irregularities 438
surface roughness 438
distortion of 438
high-melting alloys, investment for 93
laws of 436
air entrapment 437
button 436
force 437
heat source 437
investment 436
margins 437
orientation 436
pattern position 436
quenching 437
reducing zone of flame 437
setting time 437
shrinkage 436
spruing 436
surface tension 436
turbulence 436
wax elimination 437
machine 432
type of 432
metal alloys 431
pickling of 435f
pressure 439
procedure 424
investing procedure 429
length of 436
compensation of 87
surface preparation of 418
wax 545
Cavity
base, indications of 333
design 228
composition 340
manipulation 340
properties 340
types of 340
use of 281
applications 338
composition 339
manipulation 339
properties 339
Cellulose acetate 545
Cellulose liner 428
Cementoenamel junction 282
Cementum 30
blank, milling of 387f
classification of 521
fluxes 297
frits 545
glaze 546
implant 528
inlays 363
oligomers, organically modified 287
onlays 363
pressable 546
prosthesis, bonding of 324
bonding of all 325f
Cerium oxide 365
Charcoal 464
Charpy type impact tester 25
Chemical
adhesion 240
cure composites 265
benefits over 265
cure resin 266t
cement 325
plaque control agents 492
protection 293
tempering 376
vapor deposition 5
Chloramination reaction 477
Chlorine dioxide 157
Chondroblasts 536
Chondrogenesis 546
Chroma 546
Chromatic stone 69
Chromium 20
Cinefluoroscopy 546
Citric acid 478
Clay 364
Clearfil bond system 239
Clinpro tooth crème 497f
Closed sandwich technique 282
Cobalt oxide 365
Colloid 546
Colloidal theory 58
Color
coded resilon points 487f
constancy 546
deficiency 546
difference equations 546
measuring systems 16
pigments 263
Coloring pigments 260
Compacting direct filling gold, technique for 355
Compaction 546
Complex dental alloys 397
Composite 546
classification of 264f
conventional 273
core buildup 279
curing system, light-activated 265f
flowable 277
advantages 277
composition 277
disadvantages 277
properties 277
hybrid 275
composition 275
properties 276
light-cured 553
microhybrid 280
nanohybrid 276
composition 277
packable 278
advantages 278
compomers 279
composition 278
disadvantages 278
indications 278
properties 278
photocured 553
photoinitiated 553
polishing kit 284f
posterior 280
provisional restorative 280
advantages 280
disadvantages 280
uses 280
requirements for core buildup 279
application of 286
automatically repairing crack in 533f
bonded micromechanically 245f
components of 260f
hardening of 270
longevity of 269
material, evolution of 258
placement of 283f
polyacid-modified 320
polymerization shrinkage of 271
radiopacity in 269
setting of 270
use of 270
wear of 270
microleakage in 271f
polishing of 120f
polymerization shrinkage of 272f
repairing of 284
restorative materials 258
advantages 259
applications 259
classification of 263
clinical manipulation 281
composition 259
contraindications 259
disadvantages 259
ideal requirements 259
management 284
properties 268
troubleshooting 284
uses 259
small particle-filled 275
composition 275
properties 275
Compression molding technique 187
Computer-aided manufacturing ceramics 384
Contact dermatitis 212f
Contouring resin 197
Conventional glass ceramics, cementation for 392
Core ceramic 547
Corrective wax 547
causes of 19
chemical 547
classification of 19
electrochemical 19
products 227f
resistance 406
wet 19
Cortical grafts 519
Crack propagation, disruption of 377
Crevice corrosion 547
Cristobal plus 287
Crucible former 547
Crystal containing glass 363
Crystal imperfection 445
Crystal lattice structure 398f
Crystals, needle-shaped 60f
Cubic arrangements, types of 11
Custom made mouth guard 502f
D
Decay resistant teeth 531
Deep gingival preparation 285
Dental
adhesive, clinical applications of 254
alloys, precious 412t
advantages 219
composition 219
compressive strength 224
condensation 224
contraindications 218
creep 226
disadvantages 219
history 217
indications 218
manipulation of 229
mercury content 224
phases in 221t
properties 223
restorations, failure of 235
setting reaction 221
strength 223
tensile strength 224
trituration 224
applications 53
bonding agents, use of 255
casting 405
investment 85
cement 292
biocompatibility 293
bonding 295
classification 294
consistency 293
film thickness 293
general properties 293
retention 295
selection of 295
setting time 293
solubility 293
strength 293
types of 295t
use of 294
viscosity 293
working time 293
basic structure 363
classification of 363
general properties 362
primary limitation of 410
selection of 377
curing of 264
fluxes, commonly used 464
implant
biocompatibility of 523
biomechanics in 523
classification of 510
endosseous 531
implant material 509
advantages 512
contraindications 512
indications 512
relative contraindications 512
impression wax 547
inlay casting wax, classification of 78
laser, types of 469
biocompatibility of 34
evaluation of 6
exposure of 35
history of 3
properties of 9
recent trends in 507
requirements for 5
safely and effectively 47
science of 3
tensile strength of 26t
toxicity of 36f
plaque 492
control aids, classification of 492
stages of 371
prophylaxis paste 122
pulp 536f
stem cells 536
resins, requisites for 175
sensitivity 499
solder
classification of 463
corrosion resistance 466
fusion temperature 466
hard solders 463
mechanical properties 466
properties of 466
requirements of 462
soft solders 463
spot welder 469f
standard organizations 7
and plaster, manufacture of 54
casts made with 56f
types of 69
classification of 74
components of 73t
composition 72
ductility 74
flow 74
general properties 73
mechanical properties 73
melting range 73
natural 74
residual stress 74
thermal expansion 73
uses 72
acid
etching of 244
treatment of 243
and enamel porcelain application 371
barrier testing 39
fifth-generation 252
first-generation 250
fourth-generation 251
properties of 248
second-generation 251
seventh-generation 254
sixth-generation 253
third-generation 251
bonding substrate 243
organ 356
porcelain 372f
resiliency of 284
stress strain diagram of 24f
structure of 242
Dentinal adhesive 273
Dentinoenamel junction 243
Dentistry 43
alloy in 397
branch of 475
evidence-based 537
ionic bonding 10
nanotechnology in 530
setting expansion in 66
Denture
acrylic 30
base materials 171
classification of 185
requirements of 185
base polished 121f
light-activated 197
polymerization of 190
properties of 198
base strength, reduction in 204
polymers 173
soft liner 548
warpage 186
Deoxyribonucleic acid 534
Devitrification 547
Dew point 548
Diacrylate monomer 265
Diaket 489
Diametral tensile strength 314
Diatomaceous earth 138
requirements of 100
type of 211
preparation portion of 101f
spacer 101
high expansion 57
systems, classification of 100
Diffusible gas firing 363
Digital data, collection of 385f
Dilatant liquids 13
Dimensional stability 136
Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate 180
Dimethyl-para-toluidine 193
Direct cell culture 38
biological considerations of 356
classification of 346
compaction of 352
condensation of 352
materials 352
objectives of 352
physical properties of 356t
restoration 354
underheating of 352
Direct gold restorations 344
Direct ink writing 389
Direct pulp capping 341f
Direct wax technique 548
Dislocation 548
Dissolution-precipitation theory 58
Donovan's classification 295
Double mixture amalgam 231
Dough forming time 190
Dressing procedure 111
Dry corrosion 19
Dry ice, formation of 9
Dual cartridge system 153
Ductility, measurement of 27
Duraphat and fluor protector 339
Dust free alginates 142
Dynamic mixing tip 153
Dynamic young's modulus 27
E
Edentulous arches 157
Edentulous jaws 510
Electrical resistance-heated casting machine 432
Electrochemical corrosion 19f
Electrolytic corrosion, types of 20
Electron cloud 9
Electrostatic adhesion 241
Elements, periodic table of 397f
Embryonic germ cells 536
acid treatment of 243
adhesion, advantages of 245
after etching, surface of 244f
boding agent forming resin tags 245f
crystals, surface of 494
dentin bonding agents generations 250f
fracture of 271
stress strain diagram of 24f
structure of 242
Epoxy resin 211
advantages 211
application of 64
die material 103
advantages 103
disadvantages 103
disadvantages 211
Esters 72
Estrogenicity 549
Etched enamel rods 245f
Etching time 244
Eugenol 482
Eutectic
temperature of 401
composition, characteristic of 401
liquid composition 401
reaction 401
system 402
Excess cement, removal of 309
Extrafine polishing pastes 284
Extrinsic stain, combination of 503
E-Z gold 350
F
Factors influencing setting time 62
manufacturing process 62
mixing and spatulation 62
modifiers 62
temperature 62
viscosity 63
water/powder ratio 62
Fatigue strength 199
Fats 76
Ferrite 449
Ferritic stainless steel 450
Fiber-reinforced composite resin 549
Fibrous gold 346
content, type of 287
advantages 260
conventional 273f
hybrid 273f
latest trend 260
microfilled 273f
size 270
Final restoration, glazing of 373f
Final set amalgam 223f
Fine grit aluminum oxide 418f
Finished metal-ceramic restoration 373f
Finishing metal alloys 116f
Firing cycles, minimize number of 375
Fluorapatite crystals 493
containing toothpaste 496
delivery of 495t
fluxes 464
functions of 494f
gel 500
ions, release of 315f
recharging 550
small crystallites of 313
Fluoro-boroaluminosilicate glass, multifunctional 322
Fluorosis 494f
Formaldehyde 480
Fuel, type of 465
G
Gas air torch 465f
Gastrointestinal tract 495
Gel strength, factors influencing 139
Genotoxic effects 37
Gingiva, irritation of 504
Gingival surgery, nonosseous 529
bond, resin-modified 295
cavity base 334f
bonding mechanism of 314f
classification of 311
setting of 314
use of 272
materials 281
pre-reacted 322
properties of 312
reaction of 279
sealers 484
Glass transition temperature 550
condensers
classification of 354
common features of 354
types of 354
content in carat and fineness 408t
crown 408f
cohesive 346
cylinders 347
degassing of 352f
noncohesive 346
pellets 347
sheets of 346
size of pellets of 348f
type of 348
framework 361f
palladium
silver alloys 413
pellet 353
degassed 351f
platinum palladium alloys 413
restoration
decline in direct 357
direct 356
polished 120f
restorative materials 344
solders 466
melting range of 466
Granular porosity 200
chemically softened 485
classification of 485
cold 485
cones
disinfection of 487
lubricate 482f
nonstandardized 485
points 486f
removal of 487
standardized 485
use of 486
advantages 101
limitations of 92
properties of 90
dimensional stability 64
disadvantages 101
factors influencing surface hardness 64
infection control 67
manipulation of 66
hand mixing 66
mixing 66
proportioning 66
vacuum mixing 67
material 101f
disposal of 68
properties 57
setting time 60
storage of 68
uses 53
waste 68
reproduction of detail 64
resin-modified 211
setting of 61
strength of 63
surface hardness of 64
synthetic 57
type of 100
H
Halogens 479
Haptics technology 551
Hard and soft set alginates 142
Hard gold alloys 109
Hardness tests, classification of 28
Heat
casting machine 432f
cured acrylic resins 185f
cured denture base resins 185
pressed ceramic 551
crowns 381f
temperature vulcanizing silicones 209
Heterografts 520
Hexagonal close packed 446
High density alloy 436f
High heat technique 87
High quality direct gold restorations 344
High viscosity glass ionomer cement 551
Hot-pressed ceramic 546
Human exfoliated deciduous teeth 536
Hybridization theory 249
Hydration theory 58
Hydraulic cement 320
Hydrocarbon, organic polymers consisting of 72
Hydrophobic adhesive resin 323
Hydroxyl ions, release of 481
Hypereutectic alloys 402
Hypochlorites 206
Hypoeutectic alloys 402
Hypoplastic defects, restoration of 259
I
Implant 552
abutment connection 516
bioactivity of 514
body 515
endosseous 511
healing process in 514
location of 513
advantages 516
disadvantages 516
stainless steel 516
shape 513
success criteria of 516
surface treatment of 513
treatment 531
type of 511
Implantation tests 39
Impression
classification of 161
making 135
requirements of 131
paste, manipulation of 167f
techniques 158
trays 129
classification 129
types of 205f
In vivo demineralization 282
Incisal porcelain 366
Incremental technique 282
additional increments 283
alternative techniques 283
final increment 283
first increment 282
Indirect resin composite onlay 286f
Indirect wax technique 552
Ingested fluoride 495
Inlay
denture, wax pattern fabrication for 80f
partial dentures, wax pattern fabrication for 80f
manipulation of 79
Inorganic salts 500
Interatomic bonds, classification of 10
Interfacial bonding 274
Interstitial solid solutions 401
Intracanal irrigants 478t
Intraosseous implant test 40
Intrinsic stain, combination of 503
Iodine potassium iodide 479
Iodophor 157
Iridium 410
antibacterial 476
bubbling 476
chelating 476
classification of 476
efficacy of 475
flushing action 476
sterile solution 476
tissue dissolving 476
Isobutyl salicylate 483
Isomorphous phase 400
Ivory teeth 361f
Izod impact tester 25
L
Laminated restoration technique 326
Lanthanum 312
Ledermix paste 481
Leucite glass ceramic 366
Leucite reinforced ceramic 363
Light activated resins, classification of 197
Light curing system 198f
Light emitting diode curing lamps 266f
Light polymerized acrylic resins 197f
Liquefaction temperature 136
Liquid phase sintering 364
Liquid polysulfide polymer 149
Lithium disilicate glass ceramic 366
Low copper alloy 219
Low heat technique 431
Luting fixed prosthesis 296f
Lutz and Phillips classification 263
M
Machinable ceramics 384
advantages 385
classification of 384
disadvantages 385
subtractive manufacturing 386
Macrobond strength testing method 248
Macrohardness test 28
Macroshear bond testing 248
Macrotensile bond testing 248
Manganese oxide 365
Marginal gingiva 515
Maxillofacial prosthodontics 209f
Metacresylacetate 479
alloy 440
casting of 437
deformation of 444
mechanical properties of 417t
physical properties of 417t
plastic deformation of 444
base 553
ceramic alloys 411
classification for 411
ceramic bond 367
advantages 374
characterization and staining 372
contraindications 374
disadvantages 374
indications 374
technical considerations 369
ceramic crown, parts of 366f
ceramic fixed partial denture 411f
cementation of 392
collar 553
coping 418f
design of 369
fabrication of 369
crown 400
desirable properties of 397
electromotive force series of 20t
fastener 4f
inlays 400
ions 492
joining procedures 461
metal oxide 369
oxide 263
metal oxide 369
porcelain 368
porcelain 368
prosthesis, bonding of 325
solidification of 398
sprayed dies 104
advantage 104
disadvantages 104
structure of 397
type of 463
uses of 397
Metallic brackets, tissue surface of 325f
Metallic material for dental application, classification of 406
Metallic oxide 365
Methamethacrylate 26
Microbond strength testing method 248
Microfiller 261
Microhardness test 28
Microporosities 440
Microshear bond testing 248
Microsized metal oxide 152
Microtensile bond testing 248
Milling ceramic, method of 386
advantages 489
composition 488
dentin 478
disadvantages 489
indications 489
properties 489
setting reaction 488
Mixed gypsum 67
Mixture, consistency of 231
Modeling plastic impression compound 553
Mohs scratch test 28
Mold, preparation of 187f
Molecules occurs, diffusion of 12
Monochromatic vision 553
Monophasic elastomeric impression materials 13
Montan wax 75
Mounting stone 69
Mouth rinses 496
Multiple mix impression technique 158
Mutagenicity test 39
N
Nanoanesthesia 530
Nanoclusters 261
Nanofilled composite 554
Nanohybrid composite resin kit 276f
Nanoimplants 531
Nanoneedles 531
Nanorobotic dentifrice 530
Nanorobots 530
Nanotechnology 554
Nanotubes 534
Natural rubber, isomer of 485
Necrotic pulp tissues 481
Neuronal disorders 536
Ni-Cr alloy 242
Ni-Ti wires 457
Nitinol wires 456f
Nitric acid 513
Nitrocellulose 174
Noble gases 9
Nonaqueous elastomeric impressions 131
Noncohesive foil 347
Noncohesive gold 347
Noncollagenous proteins 243
Noneugenol pastes 168
Nonoxide ceramics 361
Nonphenolic biocides 479
N-phenylglycine-glycidyl methacrylate 250
Nucleus 555
O
O'Brien metal ceramic alloys 411
Obturating materials, classification of 484
Odontoblasts 536
Onlays dentures, wax pattern fabrication for 80f
Oral
cancer, treatment of 534
cavity 493
disintegration 297
irrigation devices 492
material 34
rehabilitation 344
surgery 529
Organosilane coupling agent 258
Ormocer 288f
Orthodontic
archwire material in 458f
bracket
bonding of 325
debonding of 23f
nanorobots 530
steel wire, stress strain curve of 23f
alloys 456
beta-titanium 457
classification of 448
manufacturing of 449
mechanical properties of 453
requirements for 449
Orthopedic applications 54
Osteoconduction 519
Overbuilt dentin porcelain 372f
Oxidation reaction 19
Oxide ceramics 361
Oxyacetylene flame 465f
Oxygenating solutions 492
P
Paste porcelain, application of 370f
Pattern wax 77
Penetration tests 60
Penetrometers, types of 60
Perimplantitis 556
Periodontal ligament stem cells 536
Periodontal regeneration surgery 529
Periphery wax 82
Periradicular tissues 475
Phenolate bond 294
Phenolic compounds 492
Phosphorescence 555
Pink porcelain 556
Polished gold restoration 119f
Poly methyl methacrylate 4
Polyacid-modified monomers, composed of 279
Polyalkenoate cement 310
Polyalkenoic acid, dehydrated 320
Polycarbonate dimethacrylate 288
Polydimethylsiloxane 203
Polyimides 112
Polyketone sealers 483
block 178f
chemistry of 179
deformation and recovery 176
general properties 176
mixing of 189f
properties 176
rheometric properties 176
rigid inorganic matrix material 278
thermal properties 176
uses 175
Polymerizable acidic monomers 253
Polyoxymethylene 518f
Polysiloxane materials, conventional 531
Poor bonding technique 285
abrasiveness of 393
application 369
bonding 406
dental 557
feldspathic 557
fused to metal 365
indications of 365
jacket crown 379f
laminate veneer 556
manufacture of 364
margin 556
medium- and low-fusing 365
repair 391
kit 392f
procedure 391
sintering 370
Post-ceramic solder 556
Posterior restorations, composite for 280
Pre-ceramic soldering 556
Pressable ceramics 380
advantages 381
contraindications 381
disadvantages 381
indications 381
technique 380
Primer 557
Procera scanner 390f
Procera system 390
Prophylaxis paste 123f
Prosthetic applications, resin teeth for 206
Prosthetic reconstruction, type of 513
Pseudoperiodontium 511
Pseudoplasticity 557
Pulp
indirect 341
dissolving capacity 478
junction of 499
mechanical exposure of 341f
protecting agents 332
protection 298
methods of 342
protective agents 332
response 319
sealer 482
Pulpal tissue, type of 475
Pulse delay technique 284
Pure cohesive gold foils 356
Pure metal crystal structure 446
Pure polymethyl methacrylate 174
R
Random copolymer 178f
Relining existing dentures 203
Remineralization agents, types of 493
Replacement dentin technique 326
Residual compressive stresses, development of 376
Resilient liners, types of 204
activated 271
agents 500
bond 295
classification of 323
types of 324
chemically activated 546
classification of 174
cold-cure 195t
component 260
classification of indirect 287
current generation of indirect 287
first-generation indirect 287
indirect 286
placement 282
recent advances in 287
restorations 120
second-generation indirect 287
disadvantages of 210
heat-cure 195t
impression trays 205
material 258
tag 558
temporary 210
types 76
Restoration
buildup for 354
banking of walls 354
shoulder formation 355
tie-formation 354
carving of 232
cementation of 325
cooling of 373
fabrication of 385f
failure of 375f
finishing of 233
fracture of 286
causes 286
management 286
location of 270
paving of 355
poor surface of 285
causes 285
management 285
surface hardening of 355
temporary 5
type of 270
white line around, margin of 285
Restorative dentistry 239
Retrograde filling material 488
Ribosomal subunits 478
Richmond crown 362
Rickert's formula 482
Root canal
cleanser, antibacterial 478f
conditioning agent 478f
diameter and curvature of 475
filling material 485
irrigation of 475
classification of 482
requirement of 482
sealing of 478
Rope wax 82
S
Saliva 242
Sand papers 116f
Saponification reaction 477
Sealers, silicone-based 484
Selective electron beam melting 389
Self-healing materials 532
Semimetallic elements 362
Semiprecious metal alloy 558
Septomixine forte paste 481
Set glass ionomer cement 314f
Set gypsum, microstructure of 58
Set high-copper
admixed amalgam, microstructure of 223
single compositional amalgam, microstructure of 223
Set low-copper amalgam, microstructure of 222
Set zinc phosphate cement, structure of 300f
Sevriton 247
Shore hardness test 31
Shoulder formation 355f
Silane coated quartz fillers 280
Silane material, active 262
Silicate 294
composition 296
finishing and polishing 298
insertion 298
manipulation 298
manufacture 297
setting reaction of 297f
ceramics 361
glass
fluoride-releasing 279
structure of 363f
Silicone 148
based systems 284
conventional 151
elastomers 208
classification of 209
putty consistency, addition 153f
rubber 204
classification of 204
impression material 151
types of 204
alloy admixed 317
cones 484
advantages 485
disadvantages 485
copper
eutectic 402
free alloy, type of 413
palladium alloys 415
platinum alloy system 402f
solder 463f
stone 244
Single mix impression technique 158
Single mixture amalgam 231
Slip system 445
Smear plugs 249f
Soft liners, properties of 203
Soft relining material 203f
Soft start polymerization 272
and finishing 406
and welding 461
antiflux 559
components of 462f
flame 465
free hand 467
index 559
classification of 97
requirements 97
application of flux 468
cleanliness 467
flame-reducing 468
gap between parts 467
neutral 468
occlusal indexing 467
preheating of parts 468
soldering investment 468
steps in 467
process of 462
antiflux 462
filler metal 462
flux 462
heat source 462
substrate metal 462
soft 461
technique of 467
types of 461
unit, infrared 466f
Solid state eutectoid transformation 449
Solution-gel procedure 260
Space lattice, type of 450
Spectrophotometric system 17
Specular reflectance 15
Spherical silver-copper eutectic alloys 220t
Sponge gold 348
Sports mouth guards 501
Sprue 560
attachment 427
correct length of 428f
diameter 426
length 427
position 426
requirements of 426
types of 426
Sputter deposition 514
SR-Isosit inlay system 287
Stainless steel 450
classification of 450
elastic modulus of 453
historical background 450
in dentistry 451f
manufacturing of 450
types of 450t
uses 450
wires
advantages of 454
disadvantages of 454
soldering and welding of 454
Stone, type of 69
Strengthening ceramics, methods of 374
Streptomycin 481
Stress 560
compressive 22
concentration 560
factors causing release of 79
flexural 22
intensity 560
factor 560
raisers, minimize effects of 375
relaxation 14
relief 560
shear 22
strain
curve 26f
diagram 24f
graph 24f
tensile 22
Strontium 312
Successive cusp buildup technique 283
Sulfonamide 483
Sulfuric acid 513
Superabrasive 114
Superficial dentin, demineralization of 249
Superoxol 503
Syneresis 561
T
Tantalum oxide 488
Target cancer cells 534
Tartaric acid 312
Tear strength 147
Teratogenicity 37
Tesla 561
Tetracalcium aluminoferrite 488
Tetracycline, mixture of 478
Tetragonal leucite 363
Thermal
coefficient of 561
contraction 92
energy 11
factors affecting 78
gold casting investment 92
insulation 293
protection 334
stresses place 268
tempering 561
Thermosetting polymer 561
Thixotropic material 136
Three body abrasion system 108f
Titanium
alloys
classification of 419
investment of 97
aluminum-vanadium alloy 517
applications 419
composition 419
properties 419
casting machine 420f
crystal structure of 421f
implant 517f
anodization of 514
investment material 97f
oxide 365
uses of 420f
Tooth
appearance of 262
bleaching 502
cavity 293
cream 496
durability 530
natural 361
permanent 498
regeneration 536
causes of 500
setting resin 197
shade selection of 16f
surface 244f
etching of 244
preparation 315
Toothbrushes 492
Total noble metal content 407t
Toxicity, acute 542
Translucency 562
Transmission electron microscope 248
Transparent material 15
Trauma, acute 332
Triamcinolone acetonide 481
Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate 260
Triple tray technique 158
Trisodium phosphate 138
Twinning plane 447
Twisted orthodontic wires 454f
Typical amalgam tooth preparation 228f
V
Vaporization, heat of 551
Varnley foot condensors 354
Veneers 363
Veramic prosthesis, glass-based 324
Vicat needle 61
Vicat test 60
Vinyl copolymers 208
Vinyl groups 179
Vinyl polysiloxane 153
Vinyl resins 200
Viscoelasticity 562
Vital pulp therapy 562
Vitallium 509
Vitreous bonding 111
Vitreous carbon implant 517
W
Water fluoridation 495f
Wax
distortion 79
elimination 430
natural 73
pattern
cut back 369f
removal of 425
shrinkage 86
direct method 86
indirect method 87
Wet field technique 137
Willems classification 263
Wires, selection of 449
Wrought base metal alloys 449
Z
Zinc
acetate dihydrate 304
aluminophosphate 299
containing amalgam 219
eugenolate
crystals 483
salt 165
polymer 295
oxychloride cement 4
oxyphosphate cement 298
silicophosphate cement 302
sulfate temporary restoration 307