This chapter describes surgical anatomy of cervical lymph nodes, their method of clinical examination demonstrated by clinical photographs and emphasized by a case summary. Causes of cervical lymphadenopathy are described as acute suppurative lymphadenitis, chronic nonspecific lymphadenitis, tuberculous lymphadenitis, glandular fever, toxoplasmosis, cat scratch fever, secondary deposits in lymph nodes, metastatic nodes, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Burkitt’s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of some of the diseases are explained. Diseases of lymphatic system, acute lymphangitis and lymphedema are also elaborated upon in this chapter.