The objective of fixation is to preserve cells and tissue in a close a lifelike state as possible and to allow them to undergo further preparative procedures without change. Fixation arrests autolysis and bacterial decomposition and stabilizes the cellular and tissue constituents so that they can withstand the subsequent stages of tissue processing. Fixation also provides preservation of tissue substances and proteins. Fixation is, therefore, the first step and the foundation in a sequence of events that culminates in the final examination of a tissue sections. This chapter covers the functions of fixatives, properties of fixatives, types of fixatives, properties and action of some important fixatives, fixation of specific substances, artifacts, and preservation and storage of tissues. In this chapter, questions for exercise and objective type questions are also provided.