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Chapter-15 Face and Head

BOOK TITLE: Clinical Surgery: A Text and Atlas

Author
1. Agarwala Sandeep
2. Chumber Sunil
3. Suri Ashish
4. Sinha Sumit
5. Subramaniam Pradeep
6. Srivastava Padma MV
ISBN
9789351526797
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12698_16
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2016
Pages
26
Author Affiliations
1. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
3. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
4. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences and JPNA Trauma Center, New Delhi, India, Jai Prakash Narain Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Paras Hospital, Gurugram, Haryana, India
5. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
6. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Chapter keywords
meningiomas, neurinomas, pituitary adenomas, subgaleal abscess, prolabium, palate, cleft lip, Pierre-Robin syndrome, macrocheilia, cretin facies, cancrum oris, nevus, cirsoid aneurysm

Abstract

The face develops from five processes around the mouth—the frontonasal process, two maxillary and two mandibular processes. The failure of fusion between the maxillary and mandibular processes results in clefts involving the lip alone, the lip and alveolus, the lip, alveolus and palate or the palate alone. This chapter discusses various types of ailments and deformities found on the face and in the head, such as the cleft lip, facies, cherry angiomas, cirsoid aneurysm, seborrheic keratosis, different types of cysts, and brain tumors. The chapter also describes the peripheral nerves in the head and face and the ailments related to them. It gives a summary of the cranial nerves and their respective functioning in a table. Testing the sensations of the twelve different types of cranial nerves is able to detect the ailments in a patient. The chapter also gives a brief overview of the various types of brain tumors such as the intracranial tumors (ICT), including meningioma, acoustic neuroma and tuberculoma. The clinical manifestations of brain tumors or of other space-occupying lesions are classified as general and localizing symptoms. Headache, recurrent vomiting, slow pulse, dimness of vision and mental dullness are symptoms of raised ICT. The localizing symptoms and signs depend on the location of the tumors.

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