Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Neurological Diseases in Tropics Rakesh K Gupta, Sunil Kumar
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1Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Neurological Diseases in Tropics2
3Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Neurological Diseases in Tropics
Editor-in-Chief Rakesh K Gupta MD Director and Head Department of Radiology and Imaging Fortis Memorial Research Institute Gurgaon, Haryana, India Editor Sunil Kumar MD Professor Department of Radiodiagnosis Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India Foreword Mazhar Husain
4
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Neurological Diseases in Tropics
First Edition: 2014
9789350909720
Printed at
5Dedicated to
My wife Shreelata whose unending love and support kept me adrift and gave me the confidence and strength to complete yet another book.
My loving children Tanvi and Tanuj and my son-in-law Mudit whose affection kept my spirit alive.6
7Contributors 11Foreword
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Neurological Diseases in Tropics deals with theory as well as application of this modality in clinical practice. The book provides a comprehensive, well-illustrated coverage of this specialized subject. It deals with the complex world of tropical diseases, an area less defined and poorly covered in standard textbooks and defines approach to diagnosis using conventional as well as high-end techniques such as diffusion and diffusion tensor imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging, magnetization transfer imaging, MR spectroscopy and many others with crucial clinical/pathologic correlations.
The Editor-in-Chief Dr Rakesh K Gupta is one of the pioneers in the field of MRI and has vast experience in diagnosis of tropical diseases and has done remarkable original clinical and research work in the field of tropical neurological diseases. I have been associated with him in his work and have personally experienced his dedication and enthusiasm in MRI diagnosis and his tendency to go beyond the routine to remarkably improve diagnostic efficacy. Dr Sunil Kumar, the Editor of the book, has been associated with him for a long time.
The imaging modalities discussed in this book emphasize the power of new technology to uncover important clues about the diseases. The approach is original and effective. The book contains well-written text with in-depth details on major topics which will interest students as well as consultants of various specialties. It details less used techniques of dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion which is rarely used in clinical practice due to its unavailability at commercial workstation. I strongly recommend the book for clinicians and radiologists in India and more so worldwide.
Mazhar Husain MCh
Chief of Neurosurgery and Director
Sahara India Medical Institute
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India12
13Preface
Neurological infectious diseases and nutritional deficiencies represent a major burden of diseases in the tropics and remain a serious health care problem even with improved knowledge and treatment. Despite the introduction of newer antimicrobial agents and diagnostic techniques, infectious diseases continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The morbidity associated with infections in central nervous system may be even more important than the death rate as neurological sequelae may deprive the survivors of intellect and physical ability, demeaning the quality of life and burdening health resources and social services. This book will provide a contemporary review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neurological infectious diseases, nutritional deficiencies and other diseases important in the tropics and will be helpful in guiding management in that setting.
In the beginning of this century, the quality of magnetic resonance (MR) images of the brain could be compared with that of traditional histological slices. High-field MRI makes it possible to visualize physiological and biological processes along with their quantitative estimation, and expand the range of diagnostic possibilities concerning brain and spinal cord disease. This work is an attempt to give a comprehensive review of advanced imaging of the commonly encountered neurological diseases in the tropics. The book contains 23 chapters. The first few chapters deal with an overview, epidemiological aspects, and the physical principles of MR imaging that will help the beginners. The remaining chapters deal with clinical, pathological, advanced MR imaging features and their applications in different neurological diseases in tropics. In the concluding chapter we also have discussed a real diagnostic dilemma especially in the developing countries “the ring enhancing lesion” for which an algorithm has been suggested.
We hope the book will be the source of neuroimaging knowledge for neurosurgeons, neurologists, neuroendocrinologists, and pediatricians with clinical experience, as well as for trainees, postgraduate students and physicians, especially who are practicing in the tropics.
Rakesh K Gupta
Sunil Kumar14
15Acknowledgments
We would like to appreciate Dr Bhaswati Roy's effort for helping us with editing of this book. We wish to express thanks to our students Dr Manoj Kumar, Dr Deepa Pal, Dr Rishi Awasthi, Dr Santosh Yadav, Dr Abhishek Yadav, Mr Pradeep Kumar, Mr Alok Kumar, Mr Saurabh Chaturvedi, Ms Ankita, Dr Yogita Rai, Dr Prativa Sahoo and Dr Sanjay Verma for their valuable support.