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Textbook of Nursing Management in Service & Education
C Manivannan, T Latha Manivannan, J Baskaran
CHAPTER 1:
Introduction to Management in Nursing
INTRODUCTION OF MANAGEMENT
Administration (Flow Chart 1.1)
Basic Definition Needs to be Expanded
DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT
Difference between Administration and Management
Characteristics of Management
CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
Management as a Discipline
Management as a Body of Individuals
Management as a Process
Management as a Profession
Management as a Financial Resource
Management as a Human Process
NATURE OF MANAGEMENT
Some of the Other Concepts of Management
Is it a SCIENCE or an ART?
Management is a Science as Well as an Art
LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT (OR) FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF MANAGEMENT
Production Management
Marketing Management
Finance and Accounting Management
Personnel Management
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Planning
Organizing
Staffing
Directing
Controlling
Coordination
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGERS
Interpersonal Roles
Informational Roles
Decisional Roles
POSDCORB
Functions and Role of Nursing Managers
CURRENT TRENDS AND ISSUES OF MANAGEMENT
Globalization
Ethics
Workforce Diversity
Entrepreneurship
Managing in an e-Business World
Knowledge Management and Learning Organizations
Quality Management
SKILLS OF MANAGERS
Technical Skills
Human Skills
Conceptual Skills
Design Skill
PRINCIPLES AND THEORIES OF MANAGEMENT
Basic Principles and Theories of Management by FW Taylor
General Principles and Theories of Management by Henry Fayol
Division of Work
Authority and Responsibility
Discipline
Unity of Command
Unity of Direction
Subordination of Individual to General Interest
Remuneration
Centralization
Scalar Chain
Order
Equity
Stability of Tenure
Initiative
Esprit de Corps
Deming’s 14 Principles of Management
Approaches to Management
Scientific Management
General Administrative Theorists
Quantitative Approach to Management
Organizational Behavior
The Systems Approach
The Contingency Approach
MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES OF MANAGEMENT
Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory of Management
Douglas MCGregor (1906–1964)
Abraham H Maslow (1908–1970)
Factors within Human
Factors within Employee
MODERN MANAGEMENT THEORIES
Scientific Management Theory
Frederick W Taylor (1856–1915)
Gantt HenryIGantt (1861–1910)
Emerson (1853–1936)
Charles Babbage (1792–1871)
Human Relation Theory
Follett Theory (1868–1933)
Lewin Theory (1890-1947)
Behavioral Science Theory
Douglas McGregors Theory (1932)
Rensis Likert’s theory
Factors Measured by Likert Scale
PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATION APPLICABLE TO ALL ORGANIZATION BY LYNDAL URWICK
ROLE OF NURSE AS A MANAGER
Roles
In Hospital
Responsibilities
Functions
Skills
Hierarchy
A Voice
General Duties (or) Roles of Nursing Manager in Hospital
CHAPTER 2:
Management Process
PLANNING
INTRODUCTION OF PLANNING
MEANING OF PLANNING
DEFINITION OF PLANNING
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD PLANNING
PHILOSOPHY OF PLANNING
Comprehensive Financial Planning
General Philosophy of Planning
NATURE OF PLANNING
Primacy of Planning
Planning a Process
Ubiquity/Pervasiveness of Planning
Examples of Planning
Future Orientation
Information Base
Rationality
Formal and Informal Nature
Intellectual Process
Pragmatic, Action Oriented
Decision Making
Dynamism
PURPOSE (OR) MISSION OF PLANNING
IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING
STEPS IN PLANNING
Establishing Objectives
Establishment of Planning Process
Determining Alternative Courses
Evaluation of Alternatives
Selecting a Course of Action
Formulating Derivative Plans
Establishing Sequence of Activities
Feedback (or) Follow-up Action
Steps in Planning Process
Barriers of Effective Planning
TYPES OF PLANNING
PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
Seven Principles of Planning Process
Advantages of Planning
Disadvantages of Planning
OPERATIONAL PLAN
Operation Plan Include Analysis and Discussions of
Operation Plan Should Contain
Importance of Operational Plan (Flow Chart 2.2)
ORGANIZATION
INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATION
DEFINITION OF ORGANIZATION
CONCEPT OF ORGANIZATION
Organization as a Structure
Organization as a Process
NATURE/CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZATION
IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATION
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
Unity of Command
Advantages
Span of Control
Party Authority and Responsibility
Unity of Objectives
Scalar Principles
Efficiency
Flexibility
Continuity
Leadership Facilitation
Delegation
Balance
EFFECTIVENESS OF NURSING ORGANIZATION
STAFFING
INTRODUCTION TO STAFFING
The following are the sequential steps of staffing responsibilities
Meaning of Staffing
PHILOSOPHY OF STAFFING IN NURSING
OBJECTIVES OF STAFFING IN NURSING PROFESSION
NEEDS AND IMPORTANCE OF STAFFING
PROCESS OF STAFFING
Manpower Planning
Job Analysis
Recruitment
Selection and Placement
Induction
Training and Development
Performance Appraisal
Compensation
Promotion and Transfer
STAFFING FORMULAS
NORMS OF STAFFING IN NURSING PROGRAM
Teaching Staff
External Teachers
Non-teaching Staffs
Hospital Staff Setting According to Norms
Norms
Normal Position of Nursing Staff in the Hospital
Staffing Studies
Patient Classification Systems
Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Scheduling Methods of Staffing in the Hospital
Advantages and Disadvantages of Variable Staffs Duties Timing in the Hospitals in India
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN RESOURCES
OBJECTIVES OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
SCOPE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Corporate Significance
Professional Significance
Social Significance
National Significance
Functions of Human Resource Management
Managerial Functions
Operative Function
RECRUITMENT
INTRODUCTION OF RECRUITMENT
DEFINITION OF RECRUITMENT
SOURCES OF RECRUITMENT(FLOW CHART 2.3)
Internal Sources of Recruitment
External Sources of Recruitment
PROCESS OF RECRUITMENT
METHODS OF RECRUITMENT
SELECTION
INTRODUCTION OF SELECTION
STEPS IN SELECTION PROCEDURE
Development of Employees
Difference Between Selection and Recruitment of Employees
RETAINING OF EMPLOYEES
SUPERANNUATION (RETIREMENT PLAN)
PROMOTION OF EMPLOYEE
Advantages of promotion policy
BUDGETING
INTRODUCTION OF BUDGETING
MEANING OF BUDGET
PURPOSE OF BUDGETING
IMPORTANCE OF BUDGET
FEATURES OF BUDGET
Advantages of Budgeting
Disadvantages of Budgeting
OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF BUDGETING
PROCESS OF BUDGETING
TYPES OF BUDGETING
Cost benefits analysis
Examples
PRINCIPLES OF BUDGETING
DIRECTION
INTRODUCTION OF DIRECTION
DEFINITION OF DIRECTION
ELEMENTS OF DIRECTION
NEEDS OF DIRECTION
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD DIRECTION
IMPORTANCE OF DIRECTION
PRINCIPLES OF DIRECTION
ROLE OF DIRECTION
Nature and Features of Direction
Advantages of Direction
Disadvantages of Direction
COORDINATING AND CONTROLLING
MEANING OF CONTROLLING
DEFINITION OF CONTROL
Characteristics of Control
End function
Forward Looking
Flexible
Continuous
Exercised at all levels
Identified with Individuals
No Curtailment of Rights
BASIC STEPS IN CONTROL
Aids in Management Controlling
Budget
Managerial Statistics
Special Reports
Breakeven Points
Internal Audit
Cost Accounting
Personal Observation
Elements of a Good Control System
Need Oriented
Detecting Deviation
Flexibility
Defining Exceptions
Objective oriented
Simple and Easy
Economical
Evaluation
QUALITY CONTROL
Role of Leadership in Quality Control
Role of Management in Quality control
COORDINATION
Meaning of Coordination
Definition of Coordination
Nature of Coordination
Characteristics of Good Coordination
PURPOSE OF COORDINATION
IMPORTANCE OF COORDINATION
PRINCIPLES OF COORDINATION
MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
DEFINITION OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
Components of Material Management
Objectives of Materials Management
Acquisition of Required Items can be done by Following Methods
Method of purchase
Different types of Cost
Method of Analysis
Objectives of Material Management
Primary Objectives
Secondary Objectives
FUNCTIONS OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
TYPES OF MATERIALS
Basic principles of material management
PROGRAM EVALUATION REVIEW TECHNIQUE (PERT)
INTRODUCTION
MEANING OF PERT
OBJECTIVES OF PERT
Techniques and Procedures to Assist Project Managers
APPLICATION OF PERT
PERT and Applicability
Critical Path Method
Purpose of Using PERT
Steps in PERT
Elements of PERT
GANTT CHARTS
INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE OF GANTT CHARTS
TOOLS OF GANTT CHARTS
Advantages and Disadvantages of Gantt Chart
BENCH MARKING
INTRODUCTION OF BENCH MARKING
COLLABORATIVE BENCH MARKING
Tools
TECHNICAL/PRODUCT BENCH MARKING
Costs
STEPS OF BENCH MARKING(FLOW CHART 2.5)
Planning
Collection of Information
Analysis of Data
Implementation
Monitoring
NURSING AUDIT
INTRODUCTION
Meaning
Definition
BRIEF HISTORY OF NURSING AUDIT
Purposes of Nursing Audit
METHODS OF NURSING AUDIT
Method to Develop Criteria
AUDIT COMMITTEE
Training for auditors should include the following
Steps to Problem Solving Process in Planning Care
Audit as a Tool for Quality Control
Outcome Audit
Process Audit
Structure Audit
Advantages of Nursing Audit
Disadvantages of the Nursing Audit
CHAPTER 3:
Management of Nursing Service in the Hospital and Community
PLANNING
PLANNING OF HOSPITAL
Hospital Design
Classification of Hospitals
Public Hospitals
Voluntary Hospitals
Private Nursing Hospitals (or) Homes
Corporate Hospitals
Classification According to the Objectives
Classification According to Size
Classification According to management
Classification According to System
Patient Care Units
EMERGENCY CARE IN DISASTERS
Types of Disaster
Natural Disasters
Man Made Disaster (Unintentional)
Man Made Disaster (Intentional)
Disaster Management
Principles of Emergency Management
Disaster Management Plans
Aim of Disaster Plans
Objectives
Disaster Management Committee
Disaster Control Room
Rapid Response Team
Information and Communication
Disaster Beds
Logistic Support Systems
Training and Drills:
Elements of Disaster Plan
ACTIVATION OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANS
Management
Emergency Management
Fields that are under this Definition Include
Phases and Professional Activities
Mitigation
Preparedness
Response
Recovery
Phases and Personal Activities
Mitigation
Structural Mitigation
Non-structural Mitigation
Preparedness
Airport Emergency Preparedness Exercise
Response
Recovery
As a Profession
Tools
Within other Professions
Tools
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
International Association of Emergency Managers
Red Cross/Red Crescent
World Bank
European Union
International Recovery Platform
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
India
Terminology
DISASTER MANAGEMENT—NURSE’S ROLE IN COMMUNITY
Assess the Community
Diagnose Community Disaster Threats
Community Disaster Planning
Implement Disaster Plans
Evaluate Effectiveness of Disaster Plan
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
DEFINITION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
OBJECTIVES OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Relation of Human Resource Objectives with Activities or Functions
RECRUITMENT
Channels of Recruitment
SELECTION
Steps in Selection Process
Step 1: Preliminary Reception
Step 2: Employment Test
Step 3: Selection Interview
Types of Interviews
Step 4: References and Background Checks
Step 5: Medical Evaluation
Step 6: Supervisory Interview
Step 7: Realistic Job Previews
Step 8: Hiring Decision
ORIENTATION
Purpose of Orientation
Content of Orientation Programs
Responsibility for Orientation
Orientation Follows-up
Topics Often Covered in Employee Orientation Programs
COMPENSATION
Objectives of Compensation Administration
Major phases of Compensation Management
Phase I: Job analysis: (Identify and study job)
Phase II: Job Evaluation (Internal Equity)
Phase III: Wage and Salary Surveys (External Equity)
Phase IV: Pricing Jobs (Matching Internal and External Work)
RETENTION OF EMPOLYEE
TEN WAYS TO RETAIN A GREAT EMPLOYEE
PATIENT CLASSIFICATION AND NURSE STAFFING SYSTEM
PATIENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
Levels of Care with Definitions
Level I: Minimal Nursing Care
Level II: Partial Nursing Care
Level III: Full Nursing Care
Level IV: Complex Nursing Care
Levels of Care for Intensive Care Patients with Definitions
Level I: Minimal Nursing Care
Level II: Partial Nursing Care
Level III: Full Nursing Care
Level IV: Complex ICU Care
TIME REQUIRED EACH LEVEL OF CARE
NURSE STAFFING SYSTEM
Formula for Day-to-Day and Shift-to-Shift Calculation
Employee Mix
Distribution Per Shift
Formula for Budgeted Position Calculation
Example:
STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
Definition
Need for Staff Development
Principles Involved in Staff Development
Staff Development Philosophy
Staff Development Model for Goal Achievement of the Health Care Agency, the Nurse and Nursing Profession
Educational Component Includes
Experience
Socioeconomic Component
Components of Staff Development
FACTORS INFLUENCING STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
FUNCTIONS OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL
PROGRAMS FOR STAFF DEVELOPMENT
OTHER ACTIVITIES OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT
BENEFITS OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT
Inservice Education
Aim of Inservice Education
Concepts of Inservice Education (Flow Chart 3.1)
Characteristics
FACTORS INFLUENCING INSERVICE EDUCATION
APPROACHES TO INSERVICE EDUCATION
CONTINUING EDUCATION
NEED FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION
Philosophy of Continuing Education
Planning for Continuing Education
The Planning Formula
Steps in The Planning Process
Roles and Functions of Administrator/Manager in Staff Development
ROLES: He/She:
Functions
BUDGETING
INTRODUCTION OF BUDGET
Meaning of Budget
Definition
Purposes
BUDGET FOR NURSING UNIT
STEPS IN PREPARING A SUCCESSFUL BUDGET PROPOSAL
MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
INTRODUCTION OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
Material Management Integrates all Materials Functions
Material Planning
Aim of Material Management Planning
Purpose of Material Management Planning
Basic Principles of Material Management Planning
Elements of Material Management Planning
PROCUREMENT
Objectives of Procurement System
Procurement Cycle
Points to Remember while Purchasing
Procurement Steps
Storage
Inventory Control
Objectives of Inventory Control
TECHNIQUES IN INVENTORY CONTROL
ABC Analysis
A-Items
B-Items
C-Items
FSN Analysis
Ved Analysis
HML Analysis
ABC and VED Analysis (Matrix Module: Criticality Vs Cost)
DELEGATION AND DISCIPLINE
DELEGATION
Definition
Principles of Delegation
The Five Rights of Delegation
Right Supervision/Evaluation
Ways or Steps for Nurse Managers to Successfully Delegate
BARRIERS TO DELEGATING
Barriers in the Delegator
Barriers in the Delegate
Barriers in the Situation
Benefits for the Delegating Nurse
Benefits for Team Members
Benefits for the Organization
SUPERVISION
Definition of Supervision
Objectives of Supervision
Factors of Effective Supervision
Human Relations Skills
Technical and Managerial Knowledge
Leadership Position
Improved Upward Relation
Relief from Non-supervisory Duties
General and Loose Supervision
Functions of Supervision
Principles of Supervision
Qualities of a Good Supervisor
Others Qualities
Styles of Supervision
Types of Supervision
Method of Supervision
Techniques of Supervision
Tools for Supervision
Implement Standards, Policies, Procedures and Practices
Characteristics of Standard
Purposes of Standards
Major Objectives of Publishing, Circulating and Enforcing Nursing Care Standards are to:
Sources of Nursing Care Standards
Classification of Standards
Legal Significance of Standards
To Recover Losses from a Charge of Malpractice, a Patient Must Prove that
DISCIPLINE
Aims and Objectives of Discipline
Types of Discipline
PRINCIPLES OF DISCIPLINARY ACTION
Essential in Disciplinary Action
Disadvantages of Suspension
Components of a Disciplinary Action Program
Approaches of Discipline
Self Discipline
The Five Pillars of Self-Discipline
Constructive Vs Destructive Discipline
Dealing with Disciplinary Problems
Disciplinary Proceedings Enquiry in Management
General Civil Services Rules
Causes of Disciplinary Proceedings
Stages of Disciplinary Proceeding Enquiry
CONTROLLING/EVALUATION
DEFINITION
PURPOSES
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTROLLING
PROCESS OF CONTROLLING
Relationship between Planning and Controlling
NURSING ROUNDS
PURPOSES OF NURSING ROUNDS
TYPES OF NURSING ROUNDS
Methods of Conducting Nursing Rounds
Advantages
NURSING PROTOCOLS AND MANUALS
Requirements
Examples
Guidelines to Write Nursing Protocols
QUALITY ASSURANCE
CONCEPT OF QUALITY ASSURANCE
APPROACHES FOR A QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM
General Approach
Credentialing
Licensure
Accreditation
Certification
Specific Approaches
Peer Review
Standard as a Device for Quality Assurance
Audit as a Tool for Quality Assurance
MODELS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE
System Model
ANA Quality Assurance Model
Donabedian Model (1985)(Flow chart 3.2)
Quality Health Outcome Model (Flow chart 3.3)
Plan, Do, and Study, Act Cycle
Six Sigma
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCESS
Steps of Quality Assurance
Step 1: Setting Standards
Step 2: Assign Responsibility to Individual or Committee
Step 3: Delineate Scope of Care
Step 4: Identify Important Aspects of care
Step 5: Determining Criteria
Step 6: Data Collection
Step 7: Evaluating Performance
Step 8: Problem Identification
Step 9: Problem solution (Flow Chart 3.2)
Step 10: Monitoring and Feedback
FACTORS AFFECTING QUALITY ASSURANCE IN NURSING CARE
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Objectives of Performance appraisal
Performance Appraisal Methods (Flow Chart 3.4)
Ranking Method
Forced Distribution Method
Critical Incident Techniques
Checklists and Weighted Checklists
MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES
Unique Features and Advantages of Mbo
The 360 Degree Performance Appraisal (Flow Chart 3.6)
Performance Appraisal Process
RECORDING AND REPORTING
RECORDS
Purposes of Records
Principles of Record Writing
Benefits of Maintaining of Records
Types of Records
Related to Nursing Service
In Hospital
In Community Setting
Related to Nursing Education
REPORTS
Purposes of Reports
Types of Reports
Reports Used in Hospital Settings
NURSE’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING
CHAPTER 4:
Organizational Behavior and Human Relations
INTRODUCTION
Definition
Organizational Design
Purpose of Organization
Objectives of Organization
Principles of Organization
Organizational Structure
Organization Specifies the Following
Purpose of Organizational Structure
TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
A. Line Organizational Structure
Characteristics of line Organization Structure
Merits
Demerits
B. Staff Organizational Structure
Personnel staff’s personnel management responsibilities
Line and staff Organization Structure
Merits
Demerits
Organizational Effectiveness
ORGANIZATIONAL THEORIES
Classical Organization Theory
Taylor’s Scientific Management Approach
Weber’s Bureaucratic Approach
Administrative Theory
Neoclassical Theory
Principles of the Neoclassical Approach
Modern Theories
SPAN OF MANAGEMENT (OR) CONTROL
Meaning
Definition
Choosing the Span
Organization with Narrow Span
Advantages
Disadvantages
Organization with Wide Span
Advantages
Disadvantages
Differences between Narrow Span and Wide Span
Problems with organizational level
Factors Influencing the Span of Supervision
COMMUNICATION
Definition
Importance of Communication
Purposes of Communication
Predictive Principles in Communication
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
Intrapersonal Communication
Interpersonal Communication
Public or Group Communication
Factors Influencing Communication
Communication Process Model
Organizational Communication
Channels of Communication
Media of Communication (Flow Chart 4.4):
Barriers to Communication
Management of Communication
Nurse’s role in Communication
Managing Action
LEADERSHIP
Ingredients of Leadership
Definition of Leader
Qualities of Good Leaders
Skills and Characteristics of Leader
Interpersonal Skills
Communication Skills
Values
Organizational Consciousness
Confidence
Flexibility
Creativity Skills
Achieving Results
Other Characteristics Of Leader
Honesty
Competent
Forward Looking
Inspiring
Intelligent
Fair minded
Brief Mover
Desire to serve others
Empowering people
Develop themselves
Functions of Leader
Types of Leaders
Awareness
There are Five Ways for the Leader to Act Assertively
Accountability
Advocacy
Factors Influencing Dynamic Leaders in Nursing
MOTIVATION
Definition of Motivation
Types of Motivation
Achievement Motivation
Affiliation Motivation
Competence Motivation
Power Motivation
Attitude Motivation
Incentive Motivation
Fear Motivation
THEORIES OF MOTIVATION
GROUP AND GROUP DYNAMICS
Definitions of Group
Definition of Group Dynamics
Essential Qualities of a Group
Ability to Act in Unitary Manner
Classification of Group
Permanent Formal Groups
Storming
Norming
Performing
Transference
Group Decision Making Process
Group Functions
Group Norms
Functions of Group Norms
Selected Group Techniques
Focus Group
Group Dynamics
Importance of Group Dynamics
Techniques for Managing Group Dynamics
Group Dynamics Discussion that follows Focuses on Two Types of Groups
Task groups
Work Related Social Support
Managerial Application of Group Dynamics Theory
Factors Affecting Group Dynamics
Significance of Group and Group Dynamics in Nursing
THE NURSE-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP
Components of the nurse-client relationship
Trust
Respect
Professional intimacy
Empathy
Power
Differences Between Professional and Personal Relationships
Understanding Interpersonal Relationship
Warning Signals of Nurse Behavior
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP IN NURSING
Introduction
Purpose of Interpersonal Relations
Principles of Interpersonal Relations
Type of Interpersonal Relations
Preinteraction Phases
Task of Preinteraction Phases
Introduction (or) Orientation Phases
Tasks of Introductory (or) Orientation Phases
Working Phases/Phases of Emerging Identities
Tasks of Working Phase
Termination Phase
Barriers of Interpersonal Relationship
Factors Related to Interpersonal Relationship
Techniques of Interpersonal Relationship in Positive Way
Negative Way Approach
HUMAN RELATIONS
Introduction
Aims of Human Relation
Nature of Human Relation
Importance of Human Relation
Human Relations in Context of Nursing
PUBLIC RELATION
Definition: As per WT Parry
Public Relation by Include
A Good PRO as Need
Purposes
Need for Public Relation:
Functions of PRO/Executive
Methods and Technique of Public Relation
Communication
Public and Publication
Radio and Television
Film and Exhibition
Advertising
Public Speaking
Research Opinion Survey
Essentials of Public Relation
Hospital
Inside
Outside
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Meaning of Conflict
Definition of Conflict
Philosophical and Historical Background of Conflict Management
Characteristics of Conflict
Types of Conflict
Other Types
Sources of Conflict
Stages of Conflict
Reactions to Conflict
Sublimation
Vigorous physical activity
Identification
Rationalization
Reaction formation
Flight into fantasy
Projection
Displacement
Fixation
Withdrawal
Repression
Conversion
Conflict Resolution
Strategies for Conflict Resolution
Resolving Interpersonal Conflict
Techniques of Conflict Resolution
Negotiation
Collaboration
Team Approach
Prevention of Conflict
CHAPTER 5:
In-service Education
INTRODUCTION OF IN-SERVICE EDUCATION
Definition of In-Service Education
History of In-Service Education
Objectives of In-Service Education
Factors Affecting In-Service Education
TYPES (OR) APPROACHES OF IN-SERVICE EDUCATION
Centralized In-Service Training
Decentralized In-Service Education
Combined (or) Coordinated In-Service Training
Measures to Improve Effectiveness
STEPS IN FORMULATING AN IN-SERVICE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM
Principles of In-Service Education
Organization of In-Service Education
METHODS OF IMPARTING IN-SERVICE EDUCATION
CONTINUING EDUCATION
Need for Continuing Education
Philosophy of Continuing Education
Planning for Continuing Education
Planning Process of Continuing Education
It has Certain Steps
Formula
Scope of In-Service Education
Evaluation of Education Program
Definition of Evaluation
Educational Program Evaluation
Purpose of Evaluation
Objectives of Evaluation
Process of Evaluation
Application of Principles of Evaluation
Aims of Educational Program Evaluation
Purpose and Benefits of Program Evaluation
Benefits
ADULT LEARNING
Introduction
The Factors Influence the Adult Learning Process
General Principles of Adult Learning
Principles to be Followed During Learning Situation by Adults
Adults Learn Best
Use of Teaching Methods for Adult Learning
Methods of Using Evaluating Staff Educational Program (or) In-Service Education
Using Test for Evaluation of Staff Development Programs
Techniques of In-Service Education
Preparation of Report for In-Service Education
CHAPTER 6:
Management of Nursing Educational Institution
INC NORMS AND GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS OF NURSING IN INDIA
Functions of Indian Nursing Council
Organizational Structure of Indian Nursing Council
Committees
GUIDELINES TO START NURSING PROGRAM
Post Basic BSc Nursing
Start MSc Course
PhD Nursing in India
IGNOU; The People’s University
Eligibility
UPGRADATION FROM SCHOOL TO COLLEGE
Philosophy and Objectives of Nursing Institution
Philosophy of Nursing program
Objectives of Nursing Program
Regulatory Bodies in Nursing Profession
ACCREDITATION
Aims of Accreditation
Functions of Accreditation
Importance of Accreditation in Nursing
Accreditation Process
Purpose of Accreditation
Criteria for Accreditation
Process of Registration of School or College
AFFILIATION FOR NURSING PROGRAM
First Inspection
Application form
Step 3
Step 4
NURSING PROGRAMS FEE STRUCTURE
Organizational Structure
Academic Committees for College/School of Nursing
PHYSICAL FACILITIES, CLINICAL FACILITIES AND STAFFING PATTERN FOR VARIOUS NURSING PROGRAMS IN INDIA
ANM (Auxiliary Nurse and Midwife)
Minimum Standard Requirements
Physical Facilities
Clinical Facilities
Basic BSc Nursing Programs
Clinical Facilities
For School of nursing with 60 students (i.e. an annual intake of 20 students)
COLLEGE/SCHOOL/HOSTEL
Recruitment and Selection of Students
Definition of Recruitment
Wither and Davis
Definition of Selection
Admission Policies
Other Points
RECRUITMENT
SELECTION
I. Selection Committee
II Selection Policies
III. Application Forms
IV. Registration
V. Orientation
VI. Development of Master Plan
VII. Parent Teacher Association (PTA)
Faculty and Staff
During Recruitment Administrator Utilize Appropriate Resources for Locating Potential Faculty
Faculty Selection
Job Description
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Objectives of Performance Appraisal
Phase of Performance Appraisal
Past
Present
Future
Process of Performance Appraisal
Methods of Performance Appraisal (Flow Chart 6.1)
Advantages of Performance Appraisal
Limitations of Performance Appraisal
FACULTY WELFARE
I. Promotion
II Increments
III Incentives
IV Transfer
V Leave
VI In-service Education
VII Continuing Education
DEVELOPING FACULTY COMPETENCE
Purpose for Developing Faculty Competence
Methods Used for Faculty Competence Development
Role of Administrator to Develop Faculty Competence
In-service Education
Continuing Education
Barriers to Faculty Development
CURRICULUM
Curriculum Planning
Criteria to Plan, Develop, and Implement Curricula
Curriculum Foundation
Definition of Curriculum Implementation
Factors That Influence Curriculum Implementation
The Teacher
The Learners
Resource Materials and Facilities
Interest Groups
The School Environment
Culture and Ideology
Instructional Supervision
Assessment
CURRICULUM EVALUATION
Definitions of Curriculum Evaluation
Curriculum Evaluation Approaches
Bureaucratic Evaluation
Autocratic Evaluation
Democratic Evaluation
Norm-Referenced Evaluation
Criterion-Referenced Evaluation
Functions of Curriculum Evaluation
Decision Making
Self-Evaluation
Focuses of Evaluation
Curriculum Objectives
Curriculum Content and Methodology
Curriculum Outcomes
Forms of Evaluation
Formative Evaluation
Summative Evaluation
Evaluation Methods and Tools
Transport
The Following Records and Reports to be Maintain School/College of Nursing
Academic Performance of Each Class
Staffs
Faculty Records
CHAPTER 7:
Nursing as a Profession
INTRODUCTION
Nursing as a Profession
Criteria of Profession
Characteristics of a Profession
International Code of Ethics in Nursing
Characteristics of Professional Nurse
Philosophy of Nursing
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF NURSING PROGRAM AND PRACTICE
Aim of ANM Nursing Program
Aim of GNM Nursing Program
Objectives
Aim of BSc Nursing Program
Objectives
Aim of MSc Nursing Program
Objectives
Role and Functions of Nurse
Extended Role of a Nurse
Expanded Role of the Nurse
REGULATORY BODIES IN NURSING
Role of Regulatory Bodies
International Council of Nursing
Introduction
Major Objectives
Organization and Administration
The Governing Body
Activities of ICN
World Health Organization
Functions of WHO
Nursing in WHO
Indian Nursing Council
Functions of INC
Role of State Government
Functions
Trained Nurses Association of India
Objectives
Functions of TNAI
Student Nurses Association
CURRENT TRENDS IN NURSING EDUCATION
Introduction
Definition of Education
Nursing Education
Aims of Nursing Education
Purpose of Nursing Education
Evolution of Nursing Education in World
Evolution of Nursing Education in India
Trends in Nursing Education
Current Status of Nursing Education in India
Basic Courses
Nursing Education Future Trends
Professional Issues in Nursing
Issues in Nursing Education
Issues of Nursing Research
Issues of Nursing Administrator
PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS IN NURSING
Introduction
Definition of Profession
Nursing
Definition of Standards, Nursing Standards
Purpose of Nursing Standards
Purpose of Publishing, Circulating and Enforcing Nursing Care Standards
Characteristics of Standards
Sources of Nursing Standards
Principles of Standards
Types of Standards
LEGAL ASPECT IN NURSING
Introduction
Definition of Law
Sources of Law
Functions of Law
Principles of Law
Types of Law (Flow Chart 7.1)
Criminal law
Civil law
Torts
Who is a Consumer?
Reliefs Under the Consumer Protection act
Rights of Consumers as Patients
Where to File a Complaint
Compensation
Framework of Human Rights
Consumerism and Health Care Rights
Right to Self-determination
Right to the Whole Truth
Right to Privacy
Right to equal access to health care
BOARDS OF NURSING
Consumer Protection Agencies
Implications in Nursing
National council of State Boards of Nursing as a Consumer Protection Organization
Licensing
Discipline
Nursing Program (School) Approval
Information Exchange
CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
Introduction
Definition
Consumer
Rights of the Consumer
Complaints
Responsible Person for File a Complaint
Procedure to File a Complaint
Implementation of the Act
Appeals
Problems of Consumer Protection Act
Application of Consumer Protection Act to Doctors
CHAPTER 8:
Professional Advancement
CONTINUING EDUCATION IN NURSING
Introduction
Definition of Continuing Education
Methods of Obtaining Continuing Educations in Nursing and its Advantages and disadvantages
Lifelong Learning Continuing Education Nursing Profession
Continuing Nursing Education in Educational Institution
Continuing Community Healthcare Education
Continuing Education for Nurses
Accredited Continuing Education Online Courses
System Essentials
Purpose of Nursing Continuing Education
Licensing and Certification
Continuing Education Units
Considerations
Record Keeping
Benefits
Career Opportunities in Nursing Profession
Licensed Practical Nursing
Associate’s Degree/Registered Nurse
Bachelor’s Degree with a Major in Nursing/Registered Nurse
Master’s Degree/Advanced Practice Registered Nurse and Doctoral Degree (PhD and DNP)
Hospitals
Clinics
Nursing Homes
Home-health
Public Health
Occupational Health or Industrial Nurses
Leadership Positions
Teaching positions at Hospitals and Colleges and Universities
Career Opportunities in Nursing Education in India
ANM
GNM
BSc (Nursing), PBBSc (N)
MSc (Nursing)
Factors Influencing Changing in Nursing Profession
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN HOSPITAL
Introduction and Definition of Collective Bargaining
Meaning of Collective Bargaining
Nature of Collective Bargaining
Essential Prerequisites of Collective Bargaining
Characteristics of Collective Bargaining
Function of Collective Bargaining
PRINCIPLES OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
The Collective Bargaining Process
Comprises of Five Core Steps
Advantages and Disadvantages of Collective Bargaining
Advantages
Disadvantages
Nurse Manager’s Role in Collective Bargaining
Issues Related to Collective Bargaining
Major issues leading to union and collective bargaining are the following
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN NURSING PROFESSION
National Nursing Organizations in India
LIST OF INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL NURSING JOURNALS
Nurse Practitioner Journals
Free Nursing Oriented e-Journals (Open Access)
List of Journals Commonly used in Nursing Education Institution
Types of Journals
There are Various Types of Journals Including
Aims of Journals
Guidelines for Material Being Submitted Publication to Nursing Journals
Special Articles/Research Report
Reports
Guidelines of Authors Submitted Nursing Articles to the Publication
Title page
Author’s Information
Abstract
Text
References
Style
Typing and Margin
Pages
Tables
Figure Legends
Participation of Nursing Research and Practice in Nurses
Nursing Research and Clinical Nursing
ANNEXURE I:
CLINICAL APPRAISAL FORM (STUDENTS)
EVALUATION OF TEACHING BY THE TEACHERS
EVALUATION PROFORMA FOR STUDENT-TEACHER
MENTAL HEALTH NURSING PRACTICAL EVALUATION FORMAT III YEAR BASIC BSC NURSING
MENTAL HEALTH NURSING PRACTICAL EVALUATION FORMAT III YEAR BASIC BSC NURSING
PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IN NURSING ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
HOSPITAL AND SCHOOL
Purpose of the Experiment
Objectives
Methods of Study
In Realtion to School Administration
PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IN NURSING ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
Purpose of the Experience
Methods of Study
PROFORMA FOR PROGRAM EVALUATION
PROFORMA OF COURSE EVALUATION
TEACHER EVALUATION BY STUDENT
ANNEXURE II:
CUMULATIVE RECORD FOR BSc NURSING PROGRAM
ANNEXURE III:
HEALTH RECORD
ANNEXURE IV:
COLLEGE OF NURSING
ANNEXURE V:
FACULTY PERSONAL RECORD
ANNEXURE VI:
COMPETENCIES FOR NURSES AT VARIOUS PROGRAMS
COMPETENCIES FOR ANM/FHW
On completion of the course, the ANM/FHW will be able to:
COMPETENCIES FOR GNM
The nurse on completion of this course will be able to:
COMPETENCIES FOR BSC (NURSING)
On completion of the four year BSc Nursing program the graduate will be able to:
COMPETENCIES FOR BSc NURSING (POST-BASIC)
On completion of BSc Nursing (Post-Basic) degree program the graduates will be able to:
COMPETENCIES FOR MSc NURSING PROGRAM
On completion of the two year MSc Nursing program, the postgraduate will be able to:
POST BASIC DIPLOMA PROGRAMS
Competencies for Post Basic Diploma in Oncology nursing
Post Basic Diploma in Nurse Practitioner in Midwifery
Post Basic Diploma in Neonatal Nursing
Post Basic Diploma in Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing
Post Basic Diploma in Emergency and Disaster Nursing
Post Basic Diploma in Critical Care Nursing
Post Basic Diploma in Cardiothoracic Nursing
Post Basic Diploma in Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Nursing
Post Basic Diploma in Neuro Science Nursing
Post Basic Diploma in Operation Room Nursing
ANNEXURE VII:
COLLEGE OF NURSING
ANNEXURE VIII:
REVIEW QUESTION PAPERS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT IN SERVICE AND EDUCATION
:
Bibliography
INDEX
TOC
Index
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