This chapter discusses motivation. Management requires designing and maintenance of an environment, in which the individuals work together to accomplish the organizational objectives. The motivation is a general term applies to the entire class of needs, desires, drives, wishes and similar factors and forces. Various theories have been given to explain the motivation of the people. Important theories include carrot and stick theory, Maslow\'s theory of needs hierarchy, motivation-hygiene approach, the expectancy theory of motivation or the Vroom theory, the porter and Lowler model, theory of equity, reinforcement theory. The factors like administration, supervision, working conditions, interpersonal relationship, salary, job security and personal life will not help the workers for motivating them. These are called maintenance factors, hygiene factors, etc.