Minimally invasive techniques have become the new norm in the arena of colorectal cases with surgeons preferring laparoscopic commonly and robotics occasionally and sometimes hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery to deal with a variety of conditions in the colorectal region. Minimally invasive techniques have resulted in better and smaller postoperative scars, lesser postoperative pain, reduced hospital stay, and resultant faster return to daily activities and work. The aim of this review article is to compare the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery and robotic colorectal surgery as also the cost vs overall benefit of both techniques. The studies have been taken from reputed institutes (both teaching and nonteaching) from across the world and have been sourced from Medline, Cochrane Central, and PubMed which have compared laparoscopic vs robotic techniques in colorectal cases on various parameters.
The two methods have shown fairly comparable duration of hospital stay and postoperative recovery and places performing higher load of robotics are having cost benefit over open surgeries in colorectal cases owing to faster discharge from hospital comparable to laparoscopic approach. This promising factor will probably enable further widespread use of robotics in colorectal cases.