Aim and objective: This study was aimed to clinically and radiographically evaluate and compare the efficacy of bioactive glass bone graft (NovaBone® putty) and autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. Materials and methods: A total of 30 intrabony defects were treated in 11 patients. Defects were randomly divided into group I (n = 15; NovaBone® putty) and group II (n = 15; PRF). Clinical parameters evaluated were plaque index, gingival index, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), and cementoenamel junction from a fixed reference point (acrylic stent). Radiographic parameters such as radiographic defect depth, radiographic defect fill, percentage defect fill, and radiographic bone density analysis were recorded and analyzed using radiovisiography (RVG) and film grid. All the parameters were recorded at baseline, 3-, 6-, and 9-month visits. Results: The mean PD reduction, gain in CAL, and mean GR were 4.067, 4.06, and 0.2 mm, respectively, for group I, whereas that of group II, they were 3.467, 3.00, and 0.14 mm, respectively. The mean radiographic defect depth and mean percentage defect fill were, 1.867 mm and 30.7%, respectively, in group I at 9 months. And that of group II, they were 1.466 mm and 27.5%, respectively, at 9 months. The improvement of clinical and radiographic parameters at sites treated with NovaBone® putty was better compared to that of sites treated with PRF, but the differences were statistically not significant. Conclusion: The results of the present study emphasize that the regenerative potential of NovaBone® putty was predictable and equivalent to autologous platelet-rich fibrin. Autologous platelet-rich fibrin can be considered as a reliable periodontal regenerative material, which is inexpensive and readily available. Key message: Autologous PRF can be considered as an inexpensive alternative to the NovaBone® putty bone graft material.