Incidence and Demographic Patterns of Orofacial Clefts in Mysuru, Karnataka, India: A Hospital-based Study

JOURNAL TITLE: International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

Author
1. PS Praveen Kumar
2. Nikita Singh
3. Lakshmikantha G
ISSN
0974-7052
DOI
10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1542
Volume
11
Issue
5
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
4
Author Affiliations
    1. Department of Dentistry, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
    1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
    1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
  • Article keywords
    Cleft lip and palate, Congenital, Incidence, Syndrome

    Abstract

    Objective: The study was conducted to know the incidence and trends of orofacial clefts between 1st January 2011 and 31st August 2016 in Mysuru, Karnataka; and to describe the demographic patterns. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective, hospitalbased study. Data were retrieved from multiple sources like Parturition books, Neonatal intensive care unit records, baby and mothers case records archived in medical records department of Cheluvamba Hospital, a Tertiary Care Government Hospital, attached to Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, between 1 January 2011 and 31 August 2016. All subjects with CL ± P were included in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured proforma, designed based on the review of the literature. Prior to the study, approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee was obtained. Collected data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis using SPSS version 21 (SPSS Inc.). Results: A total of 59 children with CL ± P were born between 1 January 2011 and 31 August 2016 among 77667 births (Male: 36,625; Females: 41042). Hence the incidence of orofacial clefts in this hospital was 0.76/1000 births/year. Incidence in boys was 0.71/1000 births and in girls it was 0.78/1000 births (p < 0.7). Distribution of CL ± P showed that cleft lip with palate were more prevalent, which was 64.4%. 54.2% of the female child had clefts. Pierre-Robin syndrome was the most common associated malformation. Conclusion: This study indicates that CL ± P are the most common types of orofacial clefts. Adequate ante-natal history in birth records is not been given critical importance, with lack of parental counseling. Public awareness regarding the early diagnosis of orofacial clefts, follow up, surgery and dental therapy is required.

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