Role of High-flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy in Cases with Pulmonary Hypertension in an Intensive Care Unit Setting

JOURNAL TITLE: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

Author
1. Bhavna Gupta
2. Kamna Kakkar
3. Lalit Gupta
ISSN
0972-5229
DOI
10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23264
Volume
23
Issue
10
Publishing Year
2019
Pages
4
Author Affiliations
    1. Department of Anesthesia, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
    1. Department of Anesthesia, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
    1. RNT Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India, lalitanj@yahoo.com
    2. Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
  • Article keywords
    High-flow nasal cannula, High-flow nasal oxygen therapy, Pulmonary hypertension

    Abstract

    High-flow nasal oxygen therapy warms and humidifies gases, allows better clearance of secretions, along with providing added benefits like preventing dehydration of airway surface, while decreasing atelectasis and thereby, offering comfort to the patient. While its effect on critically ill patients is still in its pioneering phase, there is lack of substantial evidence on the use of high-flow nasal cannula in cardiac patients with type I respiratory failure. We found it worthwhile to share our experience of its use in elderly and postpartum patients with moderate-to-severe pulmonary hypertension, with associated comorbidities and type I respiratory failure, with do-not-intubate or defer intubation status. In patients with pulmonary hypertension (PHT) and respiratory failure, endotracheal intubation followed by initiation of mechanical ventilation may have detrimental hemodynamic effects. Increase in lung volumes and decrease in functional residual capacity lead to increase in pulmonary hypertension and right ventricle afterload. If a patient has right heart failure, lung hyperinflation can fatally reduce cardiac output. High-flow nasal oxygen therapy may be of an advantage in these scenarios.

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