Introduction Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is an extremely common disorder, with a spectrum of effect ranging from an almost undetectable degree of disability to a profound alteration in the ability to function in society. The purpose of this study was to identify patients with SNHL and to establish an etiological diagnosis. Study design It was a prospective study. Materials and methods Patients with SNHL attending the Department of ENT at a tertiary referral center in the state of Uttarakhand were evaluated; 135 patients with audiologically proven SNHL were included in this study and were evaluated to make an etiological diagnosis. Results Sensorineural hearing loss was found predominantly in males with a mean age of 45.5 years. The maximum patients were in the age group of 26 to 45 years (54 patients; 40%). The maximum incidence of SNHL was found in office workers (49 patients; 36.3%). A total of 119 (88%) patients reported to have a progressive hearing loss while only 16 (12%) patients had a sudden onset of hearing loss; 69 (51%) cases had unilateral and 66 (49%) cases had bilateral hearing loss. The patients with moderate hearing loss (41–55 dB) were 33 (24.4%), while profound deafness (more than 90 dB) was seen in 31 (23%). A maximum of 66 (49%) patients were diagnosed as having a cochlear disease and retrocochlear disease was seen in 38 patients (28%) The most common etiology of SNHL was idiopathic while the second most common was presbycusis followed by noise-induced deafness and Meniere's disease. Conclusion It was found that the majority of the patients with SNHL were males belonging to younger age group and therefore, had a greater significance of early identification and rehabilitation. The main etiological diagnosis in our study was idiopathic followed by presbycusis. How to cite this article Bist SS, Varshney S, Gupta S, Bhagat S. Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adults: Etiological Study. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(4):178-182.