A Comparative Study of Microbiology of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Smokers and Nonsmokers

JOURNAL TITLE: An International Journal Clinical Rhinology

Author
1. Satveer S Jassal
2. Manish Chandra
3. Vineeta Khare
4. Sami Ullah
5. Anuja Bhargava
ISSN
0974-4630
DOI
10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1319
Volume
10
Issue
3
Publishing Year
2017
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
    1. Department of ENT, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India
    1. Department of ENT, ERA's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
    1. Department of ENT, Era\'s Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India
    1. Department of ENT, Era\'s Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India
    1. Department of Microbiology, Era\'s Lucknow Medical College Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Article keywords
    Aerobes, Anaerobes, Chronic rhinosinusitis, Fungal, Microbiology, Rhinosinusitis, Smokers and nonsmokers

    Abstract

    Aim: Comparative study of microbiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in smokers and nonsmokers. Materials and methods: This study was carried out on 700 patients diagnosed with CRS attending the ear, nose, and throat outpatient department (OPD) at Era's Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow, India, between January 2015 and June 2016. These patients were divided into two groups (smokers and nonsmokers). All patients underwent diagnostic nasal endoscopy. Two samples were collected and antimicrobial sensitivity test was done. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Chi-squared test and independent samples t-test were used to compare the data. A p-value <0.05 indicated a statistically significant association. Results: Of 700 patients included in the study, smokers constituted 333 (47.57%) patients and nonsmokers constituted 367 (52.43%) patients. Out of the 700 patients, bacterial isolates of 585 (83.57%) were found to be positive, of which aerobes were 485 (82.91%) and the rest 100 were anaerobes. After antimicrobial therapy, all the symptoms were higher in smokers as compared with nonsmokers. Proportion of improvement in nonsmokers (90.19%) was higher as compared with smokers. Conclusion: Microbiology of CRS is highly influenced by smoking habit. On evaluating the treatment response in terms of repeat sampling after 3 months, we found that pathogen positivity rate was much higher in smokers as compared with nonsmokers, thus implying that smoking exposure in vivo does alter the efficacy of antibiotics.

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