This chapter mainly focuses on postherpetic neuralgia. Herpes zoster (HZ), shingles, is associated with significant morbidity given the severity of pain during the acute phase of infection. Chronic neuropathic pain after HZ, otherwise known as postherpetic neuralgia, occurs in approximately 20% of patients and is one of the most feared complications of the viral infection. Both acute HZ and postherpetic neuralgia are associated with severe psychosocial dysfunction (anxiety and depression), impaired sleep, reduced appetite, and diminished libido, all of which can lead to social isolation and even suicide. Multimodal treatment provides a more suitable approach to comprehensive pain management of intractable postherpetic neuralgia.