Anticonvulsant medication is the mainstay of treatment for seizures, although the choice of anticonvulsant drug varies with different seizure types and epileptic syndromes. Anticonvulsants include barbiturates, benzodiazepines, hydantoins, valproates, and miscellaneous. Barbiturates include phenobarbital and thiopental. Benzodiazepines include clobazam, clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam, and midazolam. Hydantoins include fosphenytoin and phenytoin. Miscellaneous include acetazolamide, carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, pregabalin, topiramate, and zonisamide. Uses, dosages, and side effects of all these drugs are also covered in this chapter.