Cleaning and Shaping of root canal systems includes both enlargement and shaping of the complex pulp space together with its disinfection. A variety of instruments and techniques have been developed and described for this critical stage of endodontic treatment. Preparation of the root canal system is recognized as being one of the most important stages in root canal treatment that requires precision. It includes the removal of vital and necrotic tissues from the root canal system, along with infected root dentine. It aims to prepare the canal space to facilitate disinfection by irrigants and medicaments, so as to receive an apical sealing obturation. The process of cleaning and shaping determines both the degree of disinfection and the ability to obturate the radicular space. Thus, canal preparation is essential phase that eliminates infection.