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BOOK TITLE: Principles and Practice of Assisted Reproductive Technology
This chapter focuses on ovulation induction and ovarian stimulation protocols. Ovulation induction is the treatment of choice in anovulatory infertility. Anovulation and oligoovulation are the etiological factors for almost 21% of infertile couples. Ovulation induction and superovulation terminology is used interchangeably quite often but these two have different concepts behind it. Ovulation induction is development of a follicle in an anovulatory patient. Folliculogenesis and ovulation occur because of a complex interplay between cellular, endocrine, and paracrine factors. The first successful human IVF was a natural cycle IVF. Soon, there was a shift to ovarian stimulation to get an increased number of oocytes, embryos, and thus improve the pregnancy rates. The goal of assisted reproductive technique (ART) is mainly to achieve a live birth safely in a patient friendly but at the same time in a cost-effective manner.