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Chapter-07 Biodiversity: Conservation and Importance

BOOK TITLE: Essentials of Environmental Sciences and Hygiene for Nursing and Pharmacy Students

Author
1. Kaur Satinder
2. Rawat HCL
ISBN
9789352702954
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14197_8
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, University College of Nursing, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India, Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
2. University College of Nursing, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
Chapter keywords
Biodiversity, genetic diversity, ecological diversity, species diversity, extinction, habitat degradation, over exploitation, biodiversity conservation, biosphere reserve, on-site conservation, off-site conservation

Abstract

Biodiversity is described as the number, variation or diversity of living organisms on earth. Genetic diversity, ecological diversity, and species diversity are the three main levels of biodiversity. As per location, the divisions of biodiversity are terrestrial and marine. Biodiversity in India can be divided into two hotspots, which are Eastern Himalaya’s and Western Ghats’s. Biodiversity plays vital role in health of people and ecosystem. The important values are economy, variety of food, health sciences, ecological services, and adaptation. At present, the vital threat to biodiversity is accelerated rate of extinction of various unique species on earth because of unnatural human activities. These activities of humans put direct ill effect on various species through extinction, habitat degradation, over exploitation, climate change, pollution, poaching of wild life, and exotic species. A detailed discussion on the conservation methods of biodiversity has been also presented in this chapter.

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