This chapter deals with the discussion on drug therapy for peptic ulcer. The stomach secretes approximately 2–3 liters of gastric juice daily. The chief cells secrete pepsinogen, which is activated by hydrochloric acid (HCl) to pepsin. Acetylcholine, gastrin and prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) control the release of gastric acid. Drugs used for peptic ulcer are classified into inhibitors of gastric acid secretion, drugs that neutralize gastric acid, ulcer protective, anti-h. pylori agents, and miscellaneous. Proton-pump inhibitors, antimuscarinic agents, prostaglandin analogs, antacids, ulcer protectives, bismuth salts, gastroesophageal reflux disease, etc. are discussed briefly throughout this chapter.