Lipids are diverse group of heterogeneous organic compounds relatively insoluble in water but freely soluble in organic solvents like ether, benzene, acetone, chloroform, alcohol, etc. They include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids and others. Examination of lipids, tests for glycerol in lipids, and tests of cholesterol are discussed in this chapter. The common tests performed to identify presence of glycerol in lipids are reduction test, acrolein test, Dunstan’s test. The tests performed to detect presence of cholesterol are Liebermann–Burchard test, Salkowski test, and Zak test for cholesterol.