Alveolar process is that part of the jaws which supports and attaches the teeth. It consists of two parts, alveolar bone proper and supporting bone. Alveolar bone proper forms the socket wall and gives attachment to periodontal ligament. Supporting bone consists of buccal and lingual cortical plates and the cancellous bone in between these plates and the socket walls. Cortical plate is the matured lamellated bone consisting of dense, lamellated haversian system. The cancellous bone lies between the cortical plates and alveolar bone proper. Cribriform plate or alveolar bone proper is that layer of compact bone which forms the bony wall of the tooth socket; it appears radiopaque in radiograph and is called lamina dura. Bone is a connective tissue derived from the multipotential embryonic mesenchymal cell. Alveolar process of the mandible and maxilla is also described in this chapter.