Sterilization is a process by which an article, surface or medium is freed of all living microorganisms either in the vegetative or spore form. Disinfection means the destruction of all pathogens or organisms capable of producing infections but not necessarily spores. All organisms may not be killed but the number is reduced to a level that is no longer harmful to health. This chapter covers the methods of sterilization, disinfection, and biomedical waste management. Methods of sterilization include physical method and chemical method. The procedures are used for sterilization by dry heat following as red heat, flaming, incineration, and hot air oven.