The objective of this chapter is to introduce the urine analysis. Urine analysis (urinalysis) reflects the state of function of the kidneys and urinary tract. It also provides information about metabolic or systemic (nonrenal) disorders. Urine should be collected in a clean, dry and preferably sterilized container. Urine sample should be examined within 2 hours of collection. Urine examination consists of physical examination, chemical examination and microscopic examination. Tests for blood in urine include benzidine test, orthotoluidine test and dipstick method. They detect hematuria, hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria.