Detailed knowledge of aortic valve anatomy and the surrounding structures is fundamental in understanding aortic valve diseases and also to initiate interventions for treating them. The aortic valve complex broadly includes annulus, cusps, sinuses, sinotubular junction (STJ). The annulus is a three-dimensional structure identified by the basal ventricular attachments of the cusps formed at the lowest level of the midpoint of each cusp. The aortic cusps have a semilunar ventricular attachment. The cusps are composed of fibrous tissue (predominantly collagen with less of elastin) with endothelial lining on the ventricular and aortic sides. This chapter covers the echocardiographic examination and transesophageal echocardiogram. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) can be used when the transthoracic views are suboptimal or to better visualize the anatomy of LVOT, aortic valve, aortic root and ascending aorta.