This chapter describes psychiatric disorders of HIV infection and aids. The most common neurologic manifestations are minor cognitive and motor disorder (MCMD) and HIV-associated dementia (HAD). The most common psychiatric manifestations are depressive spectrum disorders. In both cases, the impact of these syndromes on seropositive patients is significant and appropriate intervention is required, the key to optimal treatment resting with early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. This chapter covers the neurologic manifestations of HIV infection, diagnosis and treatment of neurologic manifestations of HIV infection, psychiatric manifestations of HIV infection, treatment of psychiatric manifestations of HIV infection, and psychoneuroimmunology of HIV infection.