The most important symptom of esophageal disease is dysphagia. It is defined as a sensation of stickiness or obstruction to passage of food. It can be divided into mechanical and motor dysphagia. Esophageal infections are most common in diseases such as a hiatus hernia. In sliding hiatus hernia, regurgitation is seen during stooping or straining. This chapter discusses different types of esophageal diseases, the procedure for correct diagnosis of them and the common patterns of the signs and symptoms associated with esophageal diseases. The Causative agents of corrosive esophagitis are lye, acid, sodium hypochlorite, and the clinical features include Burns, stricture, motility disorders, reflux disease. Carcinoma of the esophagus is more common in males. In western countries, adenocarcinoma of the lower third of the esophagus is the predominant pathologic type, whereas in the east, squamous cell cancer is common type. Tumors arising from the gastroesophageal junction are usually adenocarcinomas of gastric origin or develop following Barrett’s metaplasia. The mid ­thoracic esophagus and the lower third are the most common sites of carcinoma occurrence.