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Chapter-089c Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children

BOOK TITLE: ESI Manual of Clinical Endocrinology

Author
1. Seth Anju
2. Sharma Rajni
ISBN
9789351526476
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12535_110
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2015
Pages
7
Author Affiliations
1. Kalawati Saran Children Hospital, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital and Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated, Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, New Delhi, India, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, New Delhi, India, Pediatric Centre of Excellence (HIV), Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, New Delhi, India, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, New Delhi, India, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India, Kalawati Saran Childrens Hospital, Lady Harding Medical College, New Delhi, Kalawati Saran Childrens Hospital, New Delhi, E-mail: anju_seth@rediffmail.com, Lady Hardinge Medical College, Kalawati Saran Childrens’ Hospital, New Delhi
2. AIIMS, New Delhi (India), Kalawti Saran Children Hospital, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India, AIIMS, Ansari Nagar, qNew Delhi-110029, India, Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110029, India, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India, BL Kapur Superspecialty Hospital, New Delhi, India, BLK Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India, BLK Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi; Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Chapter keywords
Growth hormone, hypothalamic–pituitary axis, pituitary hormone deficiency, biochemical test, renal tubular acidosis, growth hormone binding protein

Abstract

Growth hormone is secreted by the somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Growth hormone regulates the expression of genes responsible for protein synthesis, nitrogen retention and lipolysis. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) can result from congenital or acquired disorders of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis may be further divided into a disorder of combined pituitary hormone deficiency. The clinical features of GH deficiency depend on combined pituitary hormone deficiency and family history. The diagnosis of GHD in children is based on both strict auxological criteria and confirmatory biochemical testing. Normal levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 helps in the diagnosis of GHD. Biochemical diagnosis is on the basis of provocative tests, priming with sex steroids, neuroimaging, genetic studies and pharmacological stimulus related to GH assay. Growth hormone deficiency can be treated by giving replacement therapy with human recombinant GH and biochemical test.

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