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Chapter-47 History of Cardiac Syncope

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Cardiology (A Clinical & Historical Perspective)

Author
1. Das MK
ISBN
9789350900819
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/12259_47
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2013
Pages
4
Author Affiliations
1. BM Birla Heart Research Institute, Kothari Medical Centre and Calcutta, Medical Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, CK Birla Hospitals, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Chapter keywords
syncope, transient loss of consciousness (TLOC), cerebral hypoperfusion, orthostatic hypotension (OH), systolic blood pressure, tachycardia, cardiomyopathies, ventricular tachyarrhythmias

Abstract

Syncope as defined today is transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) accompanied by postural loss of tone caused by cerebral hypoperfusion. TLOC gathered immense importance as a health hazard because it is common, can be dangerous, disabling and difficult to diagnose at times and last but not the least causes lot of expenditure while performing evaluation and management. The historical landmarks are described. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) as a cause of syncope is defined as a decline of 20 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure after standing. Tachycardia, supra-ventricular or ventricular as cause of syncope came to forefront as various tools for diagnosis started coming to the market. Cardiomyopathies including dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, idiopathic or secondary, may be the harbinger of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. TLOC not only interferes with the day to day activity, but also may inflict injury or cause death.

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