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Chapter-28 AIDS and Cancer

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Biochemistry for Dental Students

Author
1. Vasudevan DM
2. S Sreekumari
3. Vaidyanathan Kannan
ISBN
9789350254882
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11333_28
Edition
2/e
Publishing Year
2011
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. Faculty of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, (Amrita University), Kochi, Kerala, Formerly Principal, College of Medicine, Amrita, Kerala; Formerly, Dean, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok, Sikkim, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Deemed University), Cochin, Kerala, E-mail: dmvasudevan@aims.amrita.edu, PG Programs and Research College of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India, College of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India; Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
2. Jubilee Mission Medical College, Trissur, Kerala, Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India, Government Medical College, Thrissur and Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India; Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India; Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
3. Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India, Believers Church Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is produced by the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV binds with T helper lymphocytes by a receptor mechanism. When T helper cells are destroyed, body\'s immunity is destroyed. All cancers are multifactorial in origin; genetic, hormonal, physical, chemical and environmental factors may cause cancer. Mutagens will increase the rate of mutation and can enhance the rate of incidence of cancer. Cigarette smoke contains powerful carcinogens. Antimutagens (vitamin A, E, C) may prevent cancer formation. Oncogenic viruses integrated into the host genome, and cause unwanted proliferation. Many animal oncogenic viruses are identified, such as Gross leukemia virus, Rous sarcoma virus. A few human oncogenic viruses are identified, such as Epstein-Barr virus, Human papilloma virus. Oncogene is the chemical which produces cancer. Oncogene is the gene causing cancer. Proto-oncogenes act as growth factors. RB gene and p53 gene are onco-suppressor genes. Alpha fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen are oncofetal antigens. Tumor markers are factors released from tumor cells, which could indicate the presence of that tumor in the body.

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