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Chapter-62 Management of Congenital Tumors

BOOK TITLE: Surgical Techniques in Ophthalmology (Pediatric Ophthalmic Surgery)

Author
1. Grover AK
2. Bageja Shaloo
ISBN
9789350251485
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11282_62
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2011
Pages
3
Author Affiliations
1. Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi; Vision Eye Centre, New Delhi, India, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital and Vision Eye Center, New Delhi, India, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital; Vision Eye Center, New Delhi, India, Sir Gangaram Hospital, Rajender Nagar, New Delhi, India, Sir Gangaram Hospital, New Delhi, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Director, Vision Eye Clinic, 12/27, West Patel Nagar, Near Arya Samaj Mandir, New Delhi, India, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajender Nagar, New Delhi, India, Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder nagar, New Delhi, India, Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Gangaram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, India
2. Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi, India, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajender Nagar, New Delhi, India, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, New Delhi (India), Vision Eye Clinic, 12/27, West Patel Nagar, Near Arya Samaj Mandir, New Delhi, India, Sir Gangaram Hospital, Rajender Nagar, New Delhi, India, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

The common pigmented lesion nevi, is a benign tumor. They may vary in size and may be sessile or pedunculated. The commonest location is along the lid border.Shave off flush with the lid margin if it involves the lid margin or if nevus does not involve the lid margin excision, direct repair with margin repair can be done. Nevus of Ota is characterized by patchy bluish or brownish pigmentation of periocular skin and sclera. The lesion is composed of dermal melanocytes and has malignant potential. Ruby laser has been tried to lighten the cutaneous component. Portwine Stain condition is characterized by telangiectasia of the deeper skin capillaries. It involves the part of the face which is innervated by the trigeminal nerve. It is often associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome. Strawberry (Capillary) Hemangioma benign tumors present at birth. Ninety percent of these clinically manifest by age of 1 month. The child may present with ptosis, refractive error, amblyopia and proptosis. Surgery is indicated. Abnormal sequestration of surface ectoderm beneath the skin during embryonic development results in the cyst formation. Lids are usually secondarily involved due to extension of the tumor from the orbits. Most common location is superonasal. Surgical excision is required in case of progressive enlargement of mass. Involvement of the lid with plexiform neuroma in cases of neurofibromatosis is common. Cafe au lait spots are characteristic of neurofibromatosis. Surgery is indicated. These tumors cannot be fully excised and recurrence is common. Pediatric abnormalities pose challenges for an ophthalmologist. Cosmetic consideration is also critical for child’s psychological development.

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