The term “Amblyopia” comes from the Greek word meaning “lazy eye”. It is more commonly unilateral. One of its more important characteristics in a high percentage of cases is its potential reversibility when diagnosed and treated in time. The first technical description of human amblyopia can be traced back to late centuries. Amblyopia represents a problem of marked socioeconomic relevance given the high demands of modern society. There are different possibilities of classifying amblyopia. Prognostic classifications, etiological classification, semiological classification, Smith-Kettlewell Institute classification are some of the important classification for amblyopia. To reach a correct diagnosis of the patient with amblyopia, an exhaustive exploration protocol is followed. Visual acuity, biomicroscopic exploration, refractive study under cycloplegia, eye fundus examination is done. Assessment of stereopsis is also made. The prognosis in the successful treatment of amblyopia depends on various factors such as age of the patient, medical history, cause and grade of the amblyopia, etc. When it comes to prescribing the optical correction series of factors depending on the refractive errors should be considered. The traditional treatment “par excellence” for amblyopia since the middle of the 19th century has been based on occlusion, direct or indirect. The occlusion regimen should be individualized on a case by case basis. There are studies based on the use of levodopa in the treatment of amblyopia due to its capacity to pass the blood brain barrier and convert to dopamine in the brain. Pleoptics is used the treatment of amblyopia. The prognosis is good, if the treatment is done at right time.