Persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) is the most frequently encountered ocular “congenital anomaly” in general ophthalmologic practice. They are non-pathogenic physical signs of normal intrauterine developmentand they usually regress within the first few weeks of life. Remnants that persist in adult life usually take the form of diaphanous arborizing or anastomosing strands attached along the iris collarette and are of no clinical or functional significance. Sometimes, however, they are extensive and hyperplastic, occluding the pupil and impairing vision. They may be seen in isolation or in association with other ocular defects. Most pupillary membranes are small and usually asymptomatic. Persistent pupillary membrane may appear as a single avascular strand or as several strands with variable pigmentation that partially bridge the pupil. The peripheral portion of the membrane is always attached to the iris collarette and the attachment to the central portion is variable. The causes are unknown. Many theories state that intrauterine intraocular inflammations or metabolic factors prevent the closure of blood vessels, thus preventing resorption. The pupillary membrane is classified into 3 types by Duke-Elder. The treatment to pupillary membrane varies, one can adopt conservative management, laser technique or surgical method can also be used. The laser is used in cases where clear central pupillary aperture cannot be achieved with mydriatic agents. Surgery is indicated when the pupillary membrane is large and opaque, retarding visual maturation and laser is not possible.