This chapter provides detail description of Lumbar disc disease. Chapter has 8 well illustrated diagrams and pictures. Lumbar disc disease, anatomy and biomechanics of the lumbar intervertebral disc, notable events in the history of lumbar disc disease, pathophysiology of degenerative disc disease, clinical features of lumbar disc disease, common neurological changes in herniated lumbar disc, differential diagnosis of lumbar disc disease, investigations of the lumbar spine, management of disc ailments, management options for a patient with degenerative disc disease, microdiscectomy, minimally invasive spinal surgery, controversies in management, recurrent disc herniation, artificial disc technology are described in detail. 3 tables are included to highlight notable events in history of lumbar disc disease, common neurological changes in herniated lumbar disc and management options in degenerative disc disease. 19 references are included at the end of the chapter to facilitate further reading