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Chapter-12 Cholesterol and Lipoproteins

BOOK TITLE: Textbook of Biochemistry for Medical Students

Author
1. Vasudevan DM
2. S Sreekumari
3. Vaidyanathan Kannan
ISBN
9789350250167
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11359_12
Edition
6/e
Publishing Year
2011
Pages
14
Author Affiliations
1. Faculty of Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, (Amrita University), Kochi, Kerala, Formerly Principal, College of Medicine, Amrita, Kerala; Formerly, Dean, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok, Sikkim, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Deemed University), Cochin, Kerala, E-mail: dmvasudevan@aims.amrita.edu, PG Programs and Research College of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India, College of Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India; Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
2. Jubilee Mission Medical College, Trissur, Kerala, Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India, Government Medical College, Thrissur and Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India; Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India; Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
3. Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India, Believers Church Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

Cholesterol has a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene ring with a total of 27 carbon atoms. Acetyl CoA is the precursor of cholesterol. The rate limiting enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway is HMG CoA reductase. Normal serum cholesterol range is 150-200 mg/dl. Lipoproteins are of 5 major types; Chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL. Chylomicrons help in the transfer of triglycerides from the intestine to the muscle and adipose tissue. VLDL help in the transfer of triglycerides from the liver to the peripheral tissues. LDL carry cholesterol from the liver to the heart, while HDL carries cholesterol from the heart to the liver. LDL is ‘bad’ cholesterol and HDL is ‘good’ cholesterol. Higher concentration of Lipoprotein (a) or Lp (a) increases risk of a myocardial infarction.

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