Liver transplantation is a life saving procedure for patients of end stage liver disease (ESLD). The two major goals of liver transplantation are to prolong survival and to improve quality of life. Starzl performed the first three human liver transplantations at the University of Colorado in 1963, but did not achieve 1-year survival until 1967. One year survival rate was only 30% until the late 1970s and early 1980s when the implementation of cyclosporine-based immunosuppression led to doubling of the 1-year survival rate (1). This improved outcomes in early 1980s, led to the decision at a National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference that liver transplantation was no longer experimental and deserved broader application in clinical practice. In USA, current 1-year patient and graft survival rates are 87.6% and 82.4%, respectively.