The prevention and control of tooth erosion is dependent on the early recognition of tooth tissue loss and other signs and symptoms which may be associated with the causes. A careful history taking must be combined with the recognition of sensitive personal issues which the patient may not wish to disclose. Lifestyle choices are increasingly recognized as important factors for dental erosion. Medical consultations should be sought when appropriate. Many of the methods used to enhance salivary flow and buffering capacity, and tooth surface integrity, have been derived from those used to prevent and control dental caries. The effectiveness of several of these transferred methods applied to dental erosion remains to be determined by controlled clinical trials. Patients play a major part in the symptomatic management of their dry mouths and associated oral problems.