Ovulatory disorder is a very common gynecological problem that presents in a variety of clinical scenarios, including amenorrhea, irregular periods, and hirsutism. Serious consequences of chronic ovulatory dysfunction are infertility and increased risk of developing carcinoma of the breast and endometrium. Normal ovulation requires the coordination of the menstrual cycle at the central hypothalamus-pituitary axis, the feedback signals and the local response within the ovaries. Any disruption to these factors at each of these levels may result in a dysfunctional state, leading to anovulation and polycystic ovaries. The basic principles underlying the physiology of menstrual function permit the formation of several compartmental systems on which proper ovulation depends upon.